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14.1 - 2 Habitat vs Niche • Habitat – All biotic and abiotic factors where an organism lives – “Where” the species lives • Niche – How a species interacts with its environment including food, conditions, and behavior – “How” the species lives Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Earthworm Niche Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Competition • Two organisms fight for the same limited resources • Two types – Interspecific = 2 different species compete – Intraspecific = Individuals of the same species compete Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Competitive Exclusion • Two species are competing for the same resources • One species will be better suited • The other will be pushed out or die Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Ecological Equivalents • Species occupy similar niches but live in different regions • They never compete because they don’t live together Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Predation – One organism captures and feeds upon the other – Herbivores are also predators since they feed upon organisms called plants Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Symbiosis – Close relationship among two or more different species that live in direct contact with each other – 3 major types 1. Mutalism • Both organisms benefit 2. Commensalism • One organism benefits • One organism is neither helped nor harmed 3. Parasitism • One organism benefits while the other is harmed Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.