Download Conservation planning strategies at the landscape scale

Conservation planning strategies
at the landscape scale
Biodiversity is
• The sum total of all
life on earth
• The wealth of genes,
species, ecosystems
and ecological
processes that make
our living planet what
it is
• Our living legacy to
future generations
Avoid
Species
Extinctions
Protect Key
Biodiversity
Areas
Seascapes/
Landscapes
Biosphere
Consolidate
Biodiversity
Conservation
Corridors
Levels where CI works
INCREASING SCALE OF ECOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
Species
Biodiversity Conservation Corridors
Definition, targets
and delineation
Defining Biodiversity Conservation Corridors
A biologically and strategically defined sub-regional
space selected as a unit for large-scale conservation
planning and implementation purposes
•
•
•
•
Scale
Connectivity
Resilience
Broad-scale
threats
• Human welfare
Some principles for corridor delineation
• Areas necessary to conserve globally threatened
species
• Areas necessary to conserve area-demanding
species and/or the persistence of key ecological
processes on threatened species or key
biodiversity areas depend
• As a strategic space for conservation action, to
proactively address existing and emerging threats
to biodiversity from different scales, and
incorporate conservation into development
planning
Boundaries are to capture system of KBAs, connectivity, areas required for
viable populations and ecological processes, and strategic areas for responding
to threats and/ or tackling development priorities …
Strategic area
for integrating
development
needs
Wide-ranging
globally threatened
sp.
Protected
area A
Ecological process
Strategic
area for
responding
to threats
Key biodiversity area B
Species isolated by
fragmentation
Species that require urgent conservation
actions at the sea/ landscape scale
Area-demanding
species
Species dependent
on broad-scale
ecological
processes
Species threatened by
climate change
Ecological
processes
The corridor planning framework
Objectives of a corridor strategy
• Persistence of wide-ranging species and ecological
processes
• Balancing with local social, economic, development
and cultural priorities and dynamics
• Forward thinking to anticipate future changes
• Maintain resiliency of socio-economic strategies –
coping mechanisms, natural buffers
Biodiversity Analysis
State, trends and future
predictions on
biodiversity status and
environmental
processes
Biodiversity targets and
requirements.
Context Analysis
• Who are key stakeholders (those with significant
impact/influence/relationship)?
• How are they interacting with biodiversity?
• Why are they interacting with resources the way they
are?
Threats to Biodiversity
Status
Opportunities to
Influence Biodiversity
Status
Integrate Analyses
and Select
Responses
Context analysis is …
an iterative process of reviewing,
consolidating, and analyzing factors that
influence the state of biodiversity: sociocultural, economic, institutional, political,
and geographical information and trends.
(from the Refining Biodiversity Conservation Corridors Workshop,
Santarem, Dec 2004)
Context analysis integrates
layers of policy, socio-economic
and land use analyses to
understand better where there
is flexibility in options to
achieve conservation outcomes,
determine where to act in
terms of benefits, costs
and opportunities …
… and when to act in terms of threats …
… and relative to the
existing development
priorities in the region
Multiple layers and scales of socioeconomic analyses
First layer of spatial and economic analyses at
landscape-scale to identify and prioritize areas
for action based on vulnerability and threat…
Second layer of analyses to examine the enabling
conditions for implementing activities…
Types of analyses might include: land
tenure, livelihood strategies/needs,
community dynamics, policy an institutions,
markets,...
Third layer to support policy interventions and to
mainstream biodiversity into development at
national/ regional scale (land use planning, poverty
reduction strategies, infrastructure development, greening
key sectors …)
Economy
Environment
Society
Case study of an adaptive
corridor planning process:
North Sumatra, Indonesia
Northern Sumatra Corridor, Indonesia
Background:
• 4.5 mil ha landscape
• High levels of
endangered spp:
• 210 mammals
• 580 birds
• 194 reptiles
• 62 amphibians
• Population of ~13mil
• Reconstruction and
development
Forest change detection,
Example of Forest Cover and
1990-2000
Change Mapping
Biodiversity outcomes
Seulawah Heritage Forests
(1.4 Million
(~1.4
MillionHa)
Ha)
Improved PA
•Improved
PAManagement
Management
Create Corridor
•Create
Connectivity
Connectivity
Among
PAs
10 YEARS OUTCOMES
• Led a participatory process to map and prioritize
The process of defining Key Biodiversity Areas
are
Western Toba Watershed
important biodiversity areas in 2001 – led
to
(~0.26 Million Ha)
currently being finalized for the whole island•Improved
of Sumatra.
PA Management
development of the 10 year Conservation
Vision
•Create Connectivity
Information will be used
to refine the Vision Among
Maps.
PAs
Leuser Ecosystem
Map.
(~2.6 Million Ha)
•Improved PA
Management
• Built aongoing
common
vision and
mission
Research
to conservation
identify wide ranging
species’
stakeholders
needsamong
in the all
land
use matrix.
Angkola Lowland
Wilderness
(~0.4 Million Ha)
•New PA
Meeting the target species’ needs in
the land use matrix
Integrating biodiversity and
hydrological processes
Ongoing research:
Pantanal, Brazil
Hydrological Processes Initiative
• First phase of project focused on defining targets
for maintaining hydrological processes for
biodiversity persistence
• Second phase (FY07) focused on analyzing
socio-economic, cultural and political pressures
on the hydrological system; and integration of
these concerns with the biodiversity targets in
development of a strategy for conservation
action.
Biodiversity targets in the Pantanal
Giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)
• species intimately linked with water;
• strong social behavior – living in group;
• needs of the edge/river bank to build dens,
to give birth and offspring care;
• during the dry season, groups are restricted
for the river channel (lots of records);
• in the wet season, groups are dispersed
(less records)
• the occurrence is related to large-sized fishes
(its main food resources)
• in the past, giant otter was very hunted (skin)
• currently, fisherman don’t like it,
because it feeds on large fishes (there is
a high fisherman demand – tourists)
Corridors Economics and
Planning Program