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CONTENT
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INTRODUCTION
INDIA
TYPES OF VEGETATION & MAP
WILDLIFE SACTUARIES & MAP
NATIONAL PARK & MAP
BIRD SANCTUARIES & MAP
BIOSPHERE RESERVE & MAP
EXTINCT ANIMALS
Introduction
The planet Earth is the house of millions of living organisms
starting from microorganisms like bacteria to a huge tree
like banyan and elephants. The biosphere is full of
biodiversity. Human beings along with other organisms form
a complex web of ecosystem which is mutually exclusive and
all organisms depend upon each other for their existence.
For example, the plants, animals and microorganisms
recreate the quality of the air we breathe, the water we
drink and the soil that produces our food without which we
cannot survive. Forests play a key role in the ecological
system as these are also the primary producers on which all
other living beings depend.
INDIA
India is tenth in the world and fourth
in Asia in plants and animals diversity.
Their are so many factors
responsible for the huge diversity in
flora and fauna kingdom.
Temprature,Sunlight,Rainfall,Soil and
Relief are some of the factors.
Types of Vegetation
Natural Vegetation & Wildlife
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Tropical Rain Forests.
Tropical Deciduous Forests.
Thorns and shrubs.
Tidal Forests.
Alpine and Tundra Vegetation.
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Evergreen by nature
Rainfall is more than 200cms.
Height 60 meters and above.
Main trees are ebony, mahogany and
rosewood.
• The regions are Western Ghats,West
Bengal,Orissa and N.E.India
• Also called Monsoon forests.
• Rainfall between 70cm to 200cms.
• Main areas are
M.P,U.P,Chhatisgarh,Shiwalik hills.
• Main trees are Teak and Sal.
• Rainfall below 50 cms.
• Main areas are
Rajasthan,Gujrat,Haryana and M.P.
• Kikar, Babool and Datepalms are the
main trees.
• Found along the coasts and river
areas.
• Can survive in both fresh and salty
water.
• Sundari is a well known Mangrove
tree.
• The main area is Sunder ban delta. It
is a delta of Ganga and Brahamputra.
• 3600metres above the sea level.
• Merge into Alpine grasslands.
• Silver firs pines and birches are the
main vegetation.
About Wildlife Sanctuary
• India has over 500 animal sanctuaries, referred to as
Wildlife Sanctuaries (IUCN Category IV Protected Area).
Among these, the 28 Tiger Reserves are governed by
Project Tiger, and are of special significance in the
conservation of the tiger. Some wildlife sanctuaries are
specifically named Bird Sanctuary, eg. Keoladeo National
Park before attained National Park status. Many National
Parks were initially Wildlife Sanctuaries.
• Wildlife sanctuaries of national importance to
conservation, usually due to some flagship faunal species,
are named National Wildlife Sanctuary, like:
• National Chambal (Gharial) Wildlife Sanctuary for
conserving the Gharial (1978)
Map
About National Park
• Depending on the area and terrain
National Parks provide ample opportunities
to the visitors to have a close encounters
with the wilds. But what is so exquisite
about the Indian National Parks is the
variance that they are equipped with.
Whether it comes to the flora, avifauna,
and aquafauna, or witnessing various wild
forms in their natural surroundings on an
elephant or inside a jeep, wild ventures in
are simply amazing!
Map
About Bird Sanctuary
• Tweeting and chirping are a bird watcher's
favorite sounds, and in Indian Bird Sanctuaries
these sounds reverberate copiously. Owing to its
varied topography, climate and long coastline,
India provides a home to several species of birds.
The nation attracts scores of migratory birds as
well.
• Out of the 8650 species of birds' known in the
world, India boasts of being a home to as many as
1200 species. Popular bird species in Indian bird
sanctuaries include Racquet Tailed Drogas, Sun
Birds, Kingfishers, Drogas, Tree Pies Jungle
Owlets, Minvets, Mynas, Pipits, Larks, Siberia
Crane, and more.
Map
About Biosphere Reserve
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The Indian government has established 15 Biosphere Reserves of
India, (categories roughly corresponding to IUCN Category V
Protected areas), which protect larger areas of natural habitat
(than a National Park or Animal Sanctuary), and often include one
or more National Parks and/or preserves, along buffer zones that
are open to some economic uses. Protection is granted not only to
the flora and fauna of the protected region, but also to the human
communities who inhabit these regions, and their ways of life.
Seven of the fifteen biosphere reserves are a part of the World
Network of Biosphere Reserves, based on the UNESCO Man and
the Biosphere (MAB) Programme list[2].
Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve
Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve
Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve
Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve
Nokrek Biosphere Reserve
Simlipal Biosphere Reserve
Map
Extinct Animals
Dodo
• Extinct since mid to
late 17th century
• Lived on one tiny
island
Passenger Pigeon
• Once most common
bird in North
America
• Flocks with more
than a billion birds
took several days to
pass by
• Last one died 1914
in a zoo
Tasmanian Tiger
• Last known specimen died in captivity in
1936
Dinosaurs
T-Rex
Brachiosaurus
Meganeura
• Giant dragonfly with a 2.5ft wingspan
Armored
Dunkleosteus Fish
• 20ft long, 2000lbs
Megalodon
• Giant shark likely around 49ft long
Mosasaurus
• 49ft long ocean lizard
Pterosaurs
• Some had a
33ft wingspan
Wooly Mammoth
• About the size of an elephant, but with fur 3ft long
Sabre-toothed Tiger
• Weighed up to 880 lbs (Lions weigh 550lbs)
Giant Ground Sloth
• 20ft tall standing on its hind legs
Baluchitherium
• Largest land mammal ever known
• 25ft tall
“Terror Birds”
• Flightless birds 10ft tall