Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Overexploitation Tokyo Tuna Market Pet and Garden Market Gray Parrots in Smuggler’s Crate Tropical Fish for Aquarium Trade Cactus Market Saguaro Cactus Consequences of Overexploitation 1. Population Effects - Reduction in population size - Age structure - Sex ratio - Genetic structure 2. Ecosystem Effects Age Structure: A – fish in typical population B – fish taken by fishing Sex Ratios – The Fisher Fisher Distribution Genetic Structure – Coho Salmon Genetic Structure – Coho Salmon Ecosystem Structure – Loss of Large Trees Giant Redwood Redwood Forest in the Air Planting Sequoias Ecosystem Structure – Loss of Snags Loss of Keystone Species - Sea Otter with Sea Urchin Loss of Keystone Species - Glyptodont Exotic Species Mrs. Black Horse, Cheyenne Nation, and dog travois American Chestnut Cracking From Chestnut Blight Exotic Species • Conservation biologists typically call introduced species “exotic species” species which live outside their natural range • Botanists typically refer to exotic plants as alien species • Other terms you may see include biological invaders, introduced species, invasive species, non-indigenous species, non-native species (my preferred term) How Do Exotic Species Get Dispersed? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Stowaways Subsistence and Commerce Recreation Whimsy or aesthetics Science Biological Control Norway Rat as ship rat Earthworms and pre-exotic distribution Cars transport seeds via mud stuck to car Ballast Water Discharge Commerce and Subsistence Commerce and Subsistence Monterey Pine Blue Gum Eucalyptus Feral Pig - Florida Bighead Carp Carp Jumping Recreation - Brown Trout Ring-necked Pheasant Chukar Red Deer – New Zealand Whimsy or Aesthetics – European Starling House Sparrow Exotic plants in New Zealand • Native flora of 2065 species • 24,774 documented introduced alien species • About 2200 exotics have become established (naturalized) Multiflora Rose Tree of Heaven - Ailanthus Light blue – counties where Ailanthus is present Scotch Broom Walking Catfish Cherry Headed Conures in San Francisco Monk Parrots – Chicago, Harold Washington Park and Hyde Park Science - Gypsy Moth Africanized Honey Bees Movement of Africanized Honey Bees Movement of Africanized Honey Bees Biocontrol Klamath Weed – aka – St. John’s Wort Chrysolina beetle Prickly Pear Hedge - Tunisia Prickly pear in Australia – before control Cactoblastis cactorum Prickly pear – same location after control Red Fox - Australia With native Bobuck possum Red fox - Australia