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COMMUNITY ECOLOGY II PP 403-404 PREDATION (+/-) • • • one species eats another species predator: eater and prey: eaten Types: carnivores, herbivores PREY: SEA URCHINS PREDATOR: SEA STARS • cyclic in nature – ↑ in prey leads to ↑ in predators (vice versa) • Adaptations in prey for defense against predators RESPONSES TO PREDATION • camouflage: Cryptic coloration disguises an animal so it’s less visible to predators or prey • warning coloration: intended not to camouflage an organism but to make it more noticeable - Bright coloring, scent, or taste to warn potential aggressors • mimicry: physical (or behavioral resemblance) of one species to another 1. natural selection of a second moth species favors moths who look like the bad tasting species (bright colors) • moment of truth defenses: action by prey just before death that is unexpected by predator • alluring coloration: animals are colored so a predator's attention is drawn to a nonvital part of the prey's body
