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Environmental Ethics &
Philosophies
• Biocentric - views all living things as
having inherent worth (Albert Schweitzer)
• Ecocentric - holistic, considering the whole
to have an inherent value and therefore
deserving of moral consideration
independent of human-imposed values
(Aldo Leopold)
Environmental Ethics &
Philosophies
• ecofeminism - analyzes societal and cultural
traits that may have led to the degradation of the
environment; specifically concentrates on the
oppression of women by a traditional patriarchal
society as a major form of social domination that
has precipitated other forms of exploitation and
domination, including exploitation of the
environment.
Environmental Ethics &
Philosophies
• Deep ecology - holistic and extreme nonanthropocentric perspective, rejecting the
human vs environment dichotomy (humans
only one species among equal species)
(Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess)
Environmental Ethics &
Philosophies
• ecofeminism - analyzes societal and cultural
traits that may have led to the degradation of the
environment; specifically concentrates on the
oppression of women by a traditional patriarchal
society as a major form of social domination that
has precipitated other forms of exploitation and
domination, including exploitation of the
environment.