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Write the answers ONLY in your journal. • Name two limiting factors for a population of mice that live in a desert biome. • What does biodiversity mean? • What does sustainability mean? • Give an example of how humans reduce biodiversity. • What form of energy is food? • What is the function of a decomposer? • Name a producer. Do you think the the ecosystems we studied will stay the same? Changes in Ecosystems: Ecological Succession Definition: Ecological Succession • The gradual changes in the types of species that live in a community Primary Succession • In a place without any soil. – Sides of volcanoes – Landslides – Flooding • Starts with the arrival of a PIONEER SPECIES (lichens and moss) that do not need soil to survive http://botit.botany.wisc.edu http://www.saguaro-juniper.com/ Primary Succession • Soil starts to form as lichens and the forces of weather and erosion help break down rocks into smaller pieces • When lichens die, they decompose, adding small amounts of organic matter to the rock to make soil http://www.life.uiuc.edu Primary Succession • Simple plants like mosses and ferns can grow in the new soil http://www.uncw.edu http://uisstc.georgetow n.edu Primary Succession • The simple plants die, adding more soil • Grasses begin to take over http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu Primary Succession • These plants die, and they add more nutrients to the soil • Shrubs and tress can survive now http://www.rowan.edu Secondary Succession • Begins in a place that already has soil and was once the home of living organisms • Occurs faster and has different pioneer species than primary succession (starts with grass) • Example: after forest fires http://www.geo.arizona.edu http://www.ux1.eiu.edu http://www.agen.ufl.edu Climax Community • A stable group of plants and animals that is the end result of the succession process(reaches equilibrium). Lets go make our own community move through succession. • Each person cut out the pictures and the words. • Match the words and pictures. • Then put them in the correct order. • Call me over to check it. • Glue it in your journal. What type of succession did we create from the pictures? What is missing in the ecosystem? Primary Succession • Animals start with Insects • Then small birds and reptiles. • Finally larger mammals. What was once bare rock now supports a variety of life! http://p2-raw.greenpeace.org Add appropriate animal species to your pond succession pictures.