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Chapter 10
Biodiversity
Lesson 10.1
What is Biodiversity??
Biodiversity
•Short for biological
diversity.
•The number and
variety of different
species in a given area.
Cataloging
•Number of species known
to science 1.7 million
–Most are insects.
•Estimated number of
species on Earth 10
million.
Attention to Species
•Some harder to study.
–Receive less attention
than larger more familiar
species.
–Less known about insects
and fungi than trees and
mammals.
3 Levels of Diversity
•Species diversity
•Genetic diversity
•Ecosystem diversity
Species Diversity
•All the differences
between populations of
species as well as
different species.
Ecosystem Diversity
•The variety of habitats,
communities, and
ecological processes
within and between
ecosystems.
Genetic Diversity
•All the different genes
contained within all
members of a
population.
Benefits
•Stability of the
ecosystem (keystone
species).
•Uses of a variety of
species (medicines,
foods, etc.)
Keystone Species
• Species that is critical to
the function of an
ecosystem.
–Hunters kill off otters in an
area, sea urchin multiply,
kelp (pharmaceuticals, food
industry, etc.) goes down.
Medical Uses
•1/4 of medicines
prescribed in the US are
derived from plants.
•Almost all antibiotics are
derived from fungi.
Agricultural Uses
• Most crops today derived
from a few areas of high
biodiversity.
–Hybrids.
–Famines have been caused
when disease kills off crops
in areas of low biodiversity.
Section Review Questions page 244 #1-3.
Lesson 10.2
Biodiversity at Risk…
Mass Extinction?
•Scientists warn of a
current mass extinction
•Extinc. Increase by 50X
since 1800
•Up to 25% of species
•Humans primary cause
At Risk Species
•Those that migrate
•Need large or special
habitat
•Exploited by humans
The Road to Extinction
•Endangered= likely to
become extinct if not
protected
•Threatened= declining
population and likely to
become endangered if
not protected
Human Causes
•Destruction of habitat
•Introduction of
nonnative species
•Pollution
•Overharvesting
Habitat Destruction
•Cause of 75% of
extinctions now
occurring.
•Florida Panther
p.246 fig 7
• Exotic Species= nonnative
species
• Poaching= illegal hunting,
fishing, harvesting, or trade of
wildlife
• Pollution- pesticides, cleaning
agents, drugs, and other
chemicals used by humans
make their way into food
webs
•Endemic Species=
native to and found
only in a limited area.
•The rocky Alpine,
Flett’s violet
Section Review Questions: page 251 #1-4
Lesson 10.3
The Future of Biodiversity
Section review: page 257 #1-4
Saving Species
•Captive breeding
–Zoos aren’t all bad!
•Preserving genetic
material
•Habitat preservation
•Legal protection
•International cooperation