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Discussion 1
February 1, 2005
D. Cassidy
Bioregional
Climate
Time, Space
Long,
Large
Short,
Small
Five Year
Fire Regime
Constraints
Level of Focus
Succession
of individual plant species
In a prairie
Mechanisms
(emergent)
Root
Parasites
Micro
organisms
Soil
Bacteria
Processes & Characteristics
Interior Plateau
Outer Nashville
Basin
Knobs
Inner Bluegrass
Landscape of
Fayette County, KY
Environmental
Economic
C. Read
Social
• Similarity of ecosystems
• Response to disturbance
• Weather patterns
• Type, quality and quantity of
environmental resources
• Geology and Soil patterns
• Hydrology and Topography
• Landscape Mosaic:
•Patches: lakes, parks, arboretum
•Corridors: roads, animal
migration, streams/rivers
•Matrix: horse farms/agriculture,
urban development
• Community infrastructure, land
use planning, transportation, horse
farm industry, population growth,
university, recreation, value of
stakeholders, conservation,
historic value, microclimate
Marie Vicksta
Speciation
Species 1
Species 2
Determines
individual’s niche:
where it can live,
what it can ingest
Energy Budget
Competition
Resource partitioning
Isolation
Morphology/Physiology
Morphology/Physiology
Lethal
mutations
Energy cost VS.
Selection value
Natural Mutation rate
Introduced Toxins
Increased UV radiation
Selection pressures
Mutation
Mutation
Mutation
Mutation
Aaron Megquier
FOR565, Assignment #1
01.31.2005
Goal: Develop quantifiable measures or indicators for biodiversity that can
be measured across ecoregional landscapes.
108 ha Factors supporting biodiversity
Spatial Scale
Composition: Rates of speciation
Structure: Physiognomy of dominant
vegetation types, geological landform,
Function: Temperature and
precipitation patterns, solar insolation
levels
Composition: Natural communities present,
numbers of RTE species, representativeness of
protected areas, extinction rate w/in NRV
Structure: Perimeter:area ratio, patch size,
riparian buffer strips, migratory routes,
landscape connectivity, distribution of seral
stages.
Function: Large-scale disturbance frequency,
nutrient cycling rates, guild persistence,
ecological redundancy
Composition: Species richness and
abundance, proportion of native species.
Structure: Standing dead trees, coarse
woody debris, mixed-age stands, gap
formation rates, non-channelized
streams,
Function: local colonization/extinction
rates, NPP
10 ha
Potential threats to biodiversity
Biome
Cumulative stress from lower
levels may affect long-term
viability of biome
Rapid changes in temperature and precipitation
patterns, loss of dispersal vectors for species
migration, massive land-cover conversion
by humans
Climate and landform shape
disturbance regime, species
richness, community diversity
Ecoregional landscape
Biodiversity gains at stand
level support the ecoregion
Widespread persistent pollutants, broad
patterns of land-use change, large hydrological
modifications, loss of keystone species, fire
suppression policy, habitat fragmentation,
highly pathogenic invasive species
Ecoregional threats are
realized at the stand level
Individual Stand or Patch
Road density, invasive species, isolation
from other patches, habitat
removal/simplification, edge effects,
eutrophication of water bodies,
Temporal scale is highly non-linear across the diagram and has been left out for this reason.
Hierarchical Diagram
Constraints
Objective: Compare insect communities between patches
Beta insect community / landscape
Insect community / patch
Insect species / Flower species
Climate
Migration
Patch size , Distance
between patches
Floral resources: pollen, nectar
Insect / flower morphology
Constraints = Red
Mechanisms = Green
A. Bennett
Objective: To Determine How Black Bears are Distributed Across the Landscape
Spatial
Kirsten Kapp: Forest 565
Regional Black Bear Range
• Defined loosely as forested land
Regional
Determined by biological and
social processes: Climate, Soil
type, Management History/Trends
Landscape
Presence in or use of a
particular area (home range)
within habitat is dependent on
stand characteristics such as
food quality and quantity, escape
cover, thermal cover, proximity
to homes (garbage), other bears,
distance to agriculture, edge
Stand
Ideal habitat includes a diversity
of forest types that contain hard
mast, soft mast, water sources etc
LANDSCAPE:
Forest Cover
such as
Spruce/Fir,
Aspen/Birch,
Northern Hardwood,
Wetlands,
Human Development,
Agriculture
Bear Home Range
Bear Home Range
Bear Home Range
Tree
Tree
Tree
Temporal
Tree
Tree
Tree
Den Site
Thermal Cover
Acorn Crop
Escape
Gap
At a finer scale, presence of
fallen trees (den sites), large
trees with furrowed bark (for
escape/cubs), reproductive
success of individual trees
(acorn crop) determine
temporal usable habitat
Objective: What policy mechanisms will motivate NIPF’s (non-industrial private
forest owners) to manage across property boundaries?
Institutions:
R.Gass
•Policy making bodies,
governments (ex. laws)
•Private organizations or
cooperatives
Neighbors:
•Collective action
•Common objectives, trust,
investment
•Ecosystem management
Individual NIPF’s:
•Personal land objectives, ethics,
beliefs
•Income from land, family influence