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Motion and Force
Speed, Velocity, Slope, Friction, and Distance
Force
• A push or pull that
causes an object
to move, stop, or
change direction
• A force will cause
an object with
mass to
accelerate.
Forces can affect motion in
several ways:
•
•
•
•
•
→ They can make objects start moving.
→ They can make objects move faster.
→ They can make objects move slower.
→ They can make objects stop moving.
→ They can make objects change
direction.
Distance
• Distance is the measurement from one
point to another.
• Distance may refer to a physical length, a
period of time, or an estimation.
Friction
• Friction is a force that acts against or stops
motion when two surfaces rub against each
other.
Speed
• Speed is a measure of the distance an object
moves in a given amount of time.
• During a typical trip to school, your car will
undergo a series of changes in its speed.
Acceleration & Deceleration
• Acceleration is an increase in speed.
• Deceleration is a decrease in speed.
Slope
• Slope is used to
describe the
steepness, incline,
or grade of a
straight line.
Gravity
• Gravity is the force that
pulls all objects in the
universe toward one
another.
• Gravity is the force which
pulls all objects to the
surface.
Force Vocabulary Terms
Position
Force
Gravity
Fulcrum
Screw
Lever
Motion
Inertia
Friction
Pulley
Wedge
Speed
Gravitation
Simple Machine
Wheel & Axle
Inclined Plane
What do we call a pull or push of any kind?
Force
What do we call a force that resists motion
between objects that are touching?
Friction
What do we call the measure of an object’s
change in position during a unit of time?
Speed
What do we call the location of an object?
Position
What do we call the force of attraction between
Earth and other objects?
Gravity
What do we call a change of position of an object?
Motion
What do we call the property of matter that keeps
an object at rest or keeps it moving in a straight
line?
Inertia
What do we call a force that acts between any two
objects and pulls them together?
Gravitation
What do we call a machine with few or no moving
parts that you apply just one force to?
Simple Machine
What do we call a simple machine that is a slanted
surface?
Inclined plane
What do we call a simple machine made of two
inclined planes placed back-to-back?
Wedge
What do we call a simple machine made of a
wheel and an axle that turn together?
Wheel & Axle
What do we call a simple machine made of a
wheel with a line around it?
Pulley
What do we call a simple machine made of a post
with an inclined plane wrapped around it?
Screw
What do we call a simple machine made of a bar
that pivots on a fixed point?
Lever
What do we call the fixed point on a lever?
Fulcrum