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Time
Is there a clock anywhere?
Yesterday is but a memory
Tomorrow is but a dream
Today is the reality
As you read this sentence, from start to finish, you may or may not recognize the flow
of time.
Did time really flow, or was that just an illusion?
Is the future open and changeable, until it becomes the present?
Is the past really fixed?
J.R.R. Tolkien said that there were different levels of reality.
One level of reality is that of a past which really did happen, even though it may or may
not be known.
J.R.R. Tolkien said that there were different levels of reality.
One level of reality is that of a past which really did happen, even though it may or may
not be known.
Another (second) level of reality is that which is known (or believed) by everyone, even
though conflicts with the first level of reality.
J.R.R. Tolkien said that there were different levels of reality.
One level of reality is that of a past which really did happen, even though it may or may
not be known.
Another (second) level of reality is that which is known (or believed) by everyone, even
though conflicts with the first level of reality.
J.R.R. Tolkien believed that the second level of
reality was the only one that had validity.
Albert Einstein’s theories of relativity suggest that there is no one single piece of time, and
that all moments are equally real.
Is time fundamentally real?
An analogy is this…is a chair fundamentally real?
A chair ~ certainly looks, feels, smells, and acts real. Is is made of
Wood and leather, which is made of
A chair ~ certainly looks, feels, smells, and acts real. Is is made of
Wood and leather, which is made of
Starches, Proteins, Sugars, which are made of
A chair ~ certainly looks, feels, smells, and acts real. Is is made of
Wood and leather, which is made of
Starches, Proteins, Sugars, which are made of
Polypeptides, which are made of
A chair ~ certainly looks, feels, smells, and acts real. Is is made of
Wood and leather, which is made of
Starches, Proteins, Sugars, which are made of
Polypeptides, which are made of
Compounds of elements, which are made of
A chair ~ certainly looks, feels, smells, and acts real. Is is made of
Wood and leather, which is made of
Starches, Proteins, Sugars, which are made of
Polypeptides, which are made of
Compounds of elements, which are made of
Atoms, which are made of
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons, which are made of
A chair ~ certainly looks, feels, smells, and acts real. Is is made of
Wood and leather, which is made of
Starches, Proteins, Sugars, which are made of
Polypeptides, which are made of
Compounds of elements, which are made of
Atoms, which are made of
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons, which are made of
Quarks, and Empty space, which are made of
A chair ~ certainly looks, feels, smells, and acts real. Is is made of
Wood and leather, which is made of
Starches, Proteins, Sugars, which are made of
Polypeptides, which are made of
Compounds of elements, which are made of
Atoms, which are made of
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons, which are made of
Quarks, and Empty space, which are made of
Strings of energy, and nothing …. Which is not a chair on a fundamental level
This is another quark.
This is his glamour shot.
Make time, or get rid of it.
Sir Issac Newton had three
great laws
1. Things like to keep
doing, what they are
already doing, in
straight line.
Make time, or get rid of it.
Sir Issac Newton had three
great laws
1. Things like to keep
doing, what they are
already doing, in
straight line.
2. Force equals Mass
times Acceleration
Make time, or get rid of it.
Sir Issac Newton had three
great laws
1. Things like to keep
doing, what they are
already doing, in
straight line.
2. Force equals Mass
times Acceleration
3. Each action has an
equal and opposite
reaction
Make time, or get rid of it.
Sir Issac Newton had three great laws
1.Things like to keep doing, what they are already doing, in straight line.
2.Force equals Mass times Acceleration
3.Each action has an equal and opposite reaction
With this…everyone had to agree that there was a sequence of events
Example with the equation force = mass x acceleration.
1.An object is given a mass of 10 kg.
2.The object is given a velocity (say zero)
3.A force is applied
4.The object accelerates
There is a flow to the sequence of events. Time gives it an order.
The object cannot accelerate BEFORE the force is applied
Time must also have an
idea, or a notion, or
duration.
An example is that Tony and
Tina both left home for 3
hours.
In order for them to meet
back at the same time, an
hour has to mean the same
thing to both of them.
An example is that Tyson is
going to eat 25 chicken
wings in one hour. Time
has to endure for an hour
to find his wing eating rate.
In order to find the rate,
time has to endure, even
though it is in the past.
Newton said (but not in so many words), that the world exists within the confines of an
enormous clock, and everybody works within that clock.
That “clock” said, if Newton is correct, that time
a.
Has order
Newton said (but not in so many words), that the world exists within the confines of an
enormous clock, and everybody works within that clock.
That “clock” said, if Newton is correct, that time
a.Has order
b.Has continuity
Newton said (but not in so many words), that the world exists within the confines of an
enormous clock, and everybody works within that clock.
That “clock” said, if Newton is correct, that time
a.Has order
b.Has continuity
c.Has duration
Newton said (but not in so many words), that the world exists within the confines of an
enormous clock, and everybody works within that clock.
That “clock” said, if Newton is correct, that time
a.Has order
b.Has continuity
c.Has duration
d.Has simultaneity
Newton said (but not in so many words), that the world exists within the confines of an
enormous clock, and everybody works within that clock.
That “clock” said, if Newton is correct, that time
a.Has order
b.Has continuity
c.Has duration
d.Has simultaneity
e.Has flow
Newton said (but not in so many words), that the world exists within the confines of an
enormous clock, and everybody works within that clock.
That “clock” said, if Newton is correct, that time
a.Has order
b.Has continuity
c.Has duration
d.Has simultaneity
e.Has flow
f.Has duration
Taken as a whole, this is
called “time”.
Assaults on the castle time.
Ludwig Boltzmann (an Austrian) reasoned, and proved, that Newton’s equations worked
equally well going forward or backward in time, so time must not have a built in arrow.
Assaults on
the castle
time.
Einstein showed, in his special
theory of relativity, that
1.What two people are doing at
the same time depends upon
the speed at which they are
moving.
2.Events don’t happen in a
place or at a certain time, but
they happen in a union of
space and time, called
spacetime.
Assaults on the
castle time.
Einstein showed, in his general theory of
relativity that ….
1.If the theory of special relativity, and
spacetime put a heavy load on the idea of a
master clock, called time, then the theory of
general relativity crushed it.
2.The introduction of gravity as a distortion
tool for time makes it impossible for any two
clocks to be synchronized, even if they started
out that way.
A summary of time, according to Einstien, would say that either
a. There are no clocks in the universe
or
b. There are many clocks, and each works with only a very small part of the Universe, or
to a particular object.
Quantum Time
Quantum Mechanics says that, there are probablilities of different outcomes.
1.Time is that thing that makes the contradictions of probabilities happen.
A rolled dice cannot have both the 3 and the 6 showing.
Changes in quantum fluctions must be chromatic.
2.Quantum mechanics provides for quantum probabilities and possibilities for all of space
at the same time.
Entanglement implies “spooky action at a distance”, and is dependent upon a master
universal clock.
This is why Einstien hated, hated, hated quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics, which is
1. Tested
2. Proven
3. Gives unerringly correct results
4. The basis for computers, light science and statistical experimentation
needs for the Universe to have a Master Clock
General relativity, which is
1. Tested
2. Proven
3. Gives unerringly correct results
4. The basis for nuclear physics, astronomy
expressly forbids a Master Clock
Do we really need time?
Time is a placekeepper, like dollar bills.
Our class will let out in 375 heartbeats.
Light travels 240,000,000 meters per beat
Schrodinger’s Cat
If we get rid of time, it can
be
a.Dead with respect to itself
b.Alive with respect to the
person in the room
c.Dead with respect to
another person in the
hallway
The situation (life and death)
of the cat is never resolved.