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Database Database design and modeling
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The first task of a database designer is
to produce a conceptual data model
that reflects the structure of the
information to be held in the database
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Database Database design and modeling
This process is often called logical
database design, and the output is a
logical data model expressed in the form
of a schema
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Database Database design and modeling
The most popular database model for
general-purpose databases is the
relational model, or more precisely, the
relational model as represented by the
SQL language. The process of creating a
logical database design using this model
uses a methodical approach known as
normalization. The goal of normalization
is to ensure that each elementary "fact"
is only recorded in one place, so that
insertions, updates, and deletions
automatically maintain consistency.
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Database Database design and modeling
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This is often called physical
database design
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Database Database design and modeling
Another aspect of physical database
design is security. It involves both defining
access control to database objects as well
as defining security levels and methods for
the data itself.
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Database management system - Database design and modeling
This process is often called logical
database design, and the output is a
logical data model expressed in the form
of a schema
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Database design
'Database design' is the process of
producing a detailed data model of a
database. This logical data model contains
all the needed logical and physical design
choices and physical storage parameters
needed to generate a design in a Data
Definition Language, which can then be
used to create a database. A fully
attributed data model contains detailed
attributes for each entity.
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Database design
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However, the term database design
could also be used to apply to the
overall process of designing, not just
the base data structures, but also the
forms and queries used as part of the
overall database application within
the database management system
(DBMS).Gehani, N
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Database design
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The process of doing database design
generally consists of a number of
steps which will be carried out by the
database designer. Usually, the
designer must:
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Database design
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*Superimpose a logical structure upon the
data on the basis of these
relationships.Teorey, T.J., Lightstone, S.S.,
et al., (2009). Database Design: Know it
all.1st ed. Burlington, MA.: Morgan
Kaufmann Publishers
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Database design - ER diagram (entity-relationship model)
Database designs also include ER
(Entity-relationship model) diagrams.
An ER diagram is a diagram that helps
to design databases in an efficient way.
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Database design - Determining data to be stored
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In a majority of cases, a person who is
doing the design of a database is a
person with expertise in the area of
database design, rather than expertise in
the domain from which the data to be
stored is drawn e.g. financial
information, biological information etc.
Therefore the data to be stored in the
database must be determined in
cooperation with a person who does have
expertise in that domain, and who is
aware of what data must be stored within
the system.
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Database design - Determining data to be stored
This process is one which is generally
considered part of requirements analysis,
and requires skill on the part of the
database designer to elicit the needed
information from those with the domain
knowledge
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Database design - Normalization
In the field of relational database
design, 'normalization' is a systematic
way of ensuring that a database
structure is suitable for generalpurpose querying and free of certain
undesirable characteristics—insertion,
update, and deletion anomalies—that
could lead to a loss of data integrity.
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Database design - Normalization
A standard piece of database design
guidance is that the designer should create a
fully normalized design; selective
denormalization can subsequently be
performed, but only for computer
performance|performance reasons. However,
some modeling disciplines, such as the
dimensional modeling approach to data
warehouse design, explicitly recommend
non-normalized designs, i.e. designs that in
large part do not adhere to 3NF.
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Database design - Conceptual schema
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Once a database designer is aware of the
data which is to be stored within the
database, they must then determine where
dependency is within the data
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IDEF1X - Logical Database Design Technique
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LDDT combined elements of the relational
data model, the E-R model, and data
generalization in a way specifically
intended to support data modeling and the
transformation of the data models into
database designs.
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IDEF1X - Logical Database Design Technique
Later models were transformed into
database designs for Cullinet's network
database, IDMS, and many varieties of
relational database
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