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CHAPTER 5
Data and Knowledge Management
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• Today
• Chapter 5 – Data and Knowledge Mgmt
• Tuesday
• Access Tutorial
• Project 1
• Questions/comments
Digital Universe
Doubling in size every 2 years
Source: http://www.emc.com/leadership/digital-universe/2014iview/executive-summary.htm
Annual Flood of Data from…..
Credit card swipes
E-mails
Digital video
Online TV
RFID tags
Blogs
Digital video surveillance
Radiology scans
Source: Media Bakery
Industrial Revolution of Data => “Big Data”
Annual Flood of New Data!
In the zettabyte range
1 zettabyte
=
1,000,000,000,000,000
,000,000 bytes
“Big
Data” is getting bigger
Solutions to manage it
© Fanatic Studio/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
Big Data
Diverse, high-volume, high-velocity information assets
that require new forms of processing o enable
enhanced decision making.
Examples of Big Data
Managing Big Data
Difficulties in Managing Data
Source: Media Bakery
Solution: Governance
Data Governance
=> Set of Rules
Implementation Strategy:
Master Data Management
Master Data Management:
Types of Data
John Stevens registers for Introduction to Management
Information Systems (ISMN 3140) from 10 AM until 11 AM
on Mondays and Wednesdays in Room 41 Smith Hall,
taught by Professor Rainer.
Transaction Data
Master Data
The Database Approach
Database management system (DBMS)
Minimize the following problems:
1. Data redundancy
2. Data isolation
3. Data inconsistency
Maximize the following:
1. Data security
2. Data integrity
3. Data independence
Database Management Systems
How is data organized in a DB:
Data Hierarchy
Field
Is a grouping of
Record
Is a grouping of
File (or table)
Is a grouping of
Database
Data Hierarchy (continued)
Example:
 Field
 Record
Data Hierarchy (continued)
Example:
 Field
 Record
Designing the Database:
Data Model

Entity




Instance
Attribute
Primary key
Secondary keys
Entity
Primary
Secondary
Instance
Student
Student
Student ID (pk)
Student Name
Student Address
Student Major
850000000 (pk)
John Doe
123 Anywhere St.
MIS
Data Model Technique:
Entity-Relationship Modeling
Database designers plan the database design
in a process called entity-relationship (ER)
modeling/diagrams.
ER diagrams consists of:
1)
2)
3)
Entity-relationship diagram model
Relationships Between Entities
Entity-relationship diagram model
Entity-relationship diagram: Exercise
Create a simple ER Diagram for a hospital.
Database Management Systems
Database management system (DBMS)
Focus of this course: Relational database model


Related Tables (PK Important)
Data dictionary
 How do you request data?

Structured Query Language (SQL) - keywords

Query by Example (QBE) – forms/templates
Microsoft Access
Student Database Example
Relational DB Effectiveness:
Normalization
Normalization (most streamlined DB)
Non-Normalized Database
Normalizing the Database (part A)
Normalizing the Database (part B)
Normalization Produces Order
Beyond Databases:
Data Warehousing
Data warehouses and Data Marts
Organized by business dimension or subject
Multidimensional
Historical
Use online analytical processing
Data Warehouse Framework & Views
Source
Systems
Data
Integration
Data
Storage
Users
Benefits of Data Warehousing
Knowledge Management (KM)

Knowledge


aka. Intellectual Capital
Knowledge management systems (KMSs)


Goal: Systematize, enhance and expedite
Examples
© Peter Eggermann/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
Challenges to Capturing Knowledge
© Ina Penning/Age Fotostock America, Inc.
Knowledge Management System Cycle
DB Impacting our lives
Facebook
DB Impacting our lives
NSA Utah Data Center
•internet searches (ie; here's a collection of searches by Federal
Government workers)
•websites visited
•emails sent and received
•social media activity (Facebook, Twitter, etc)
•blogging activity including posts read, written, and commented on - View
our patent
•videos watched and/or uploaded online
•photos viewed and/or uploaded online
•mobile phone GPS-location data
•mobile phone apps downloaded
•phone call records - View our patent
•text messages sent and received
•Skype video calls
DB Impacting our lives
NSA Utah Data Center
•online purchases and auction transactions
•credit card/ debit card transactions
•financial information
•legal documents
•travel documents
•health records
•cable television shows watched and recorded
•commuter toll records
•electronic bus and subway passes / Smartpasses
•facial recognition data from surveillance cameras
•educational records
•arrest records
•driver license information
Data and Knowledge Management:
Application to other majors
• Accounting
• Marketing
• Finance
• Operations Management
DB Exercise
Create the entities you would need for a
student registration system. Draw out how
the tables may look and how they are
related.
Next Class…
• Access Tutorial (bring yellow casebook)
• Bring your flash drive
• You will need to save your files either
to a flash drive or your Timmy account