Download Oracle Backup Methods

Information Means The World.
Storage: A New Paradigm for Databases
Ari Kaplan
President, IOUG &
Datalink Database Practice
[email protected]
312-399-0079
Oracle: 30 years!
IPOs:
Sun: March 4, 1986
Oracle: March 12, 1986
Microsoft: March 13, 1986
30 years of IT paradigms:
- Mainframe
- Client-Server
- Internet
- Mobile
- Web 2.0
Storage paradigms:
- Direct-attached disk
- Tape backups
- NAS
- Disk-to-disk
- Virtualization
- Replication
Agenda
• Introduction
• Oracle-based Methods: Hot backup, RMAN, Data Guard, Export /
Import, Data Pump, Flashback
• Snapshots: Enterprise Backup and Recovery
• Snapshots: Development and testing for cloning
• Enterprise Backup and Recovery:
– Disk-to-disk, enhanced data recovery, and VTL
•
•
•
•
•
•
Disaster Recovery: storage-based replication
Cost savings: tiered architecture / ILM
Performance and high-availability: RAID-DP and aggregates
Storage security / encryption
De-duplication
Pros and Cons: Oracle and non-Oracle enterprise solutions
A Silo Approach?
“I’ve always focused on the Oracle side due
to implementing RAC. Every company I’ve
worked with has had their storage team take
care of that side of the house.”
– One of America’s top Oracle RAC specialists
Databases Growing at
Staggering Rate
The WinterCorp survey found that the world’s largest databases
have posted an annual compounded growth rate of
approximately 75% since 1995.
120
100
Terabytes
•
80
Size of the Largest Data
Warehouse in the WinterCorp
TopTen™ Survey
60
40
20
0
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Storage Solutions for DBA Challenges
Backup issues
•
Scalability: it can take a long time to physically copy 2 TB of data to tape or disk
•
Cost: it costs a lot to purchase 200 TB of storage so you can perform physical image backups of 200 TB databases. It is costly to even
purchase hardware to test backups.
•
Performance: keeping large databases in hot backup mode negatively affects the performance of high-transaction systems (inserts, updates,
deletes)
•
Complexity of systems: multiple databases, interlinked systems, different database versions, RMAN/non-RMAN, RAC, ASM, etc.
•
Manageability: it is often difficult to setup, manage, and test backups
Recovery issues
•
Manageability: human errors, lost data, inconsistent data, physical failures, corruption can require restores. It can be a manual and scary
process to recover to a consistent point-in-time
•
Performance: how in the world do you recover a 2 TB database in 15 minutes?
Disaster Recovery / Replication
•
How do you architect your database and surrounding environment for DR? With no data loss? With a 15-minute failover timeframe?
Data growth
•
Cost: DBAs tend to put storage on single class of storage without archiving or tiering considerations
•
Performance: system response time is 5 seconds now. What happens when my data triples in size?
•
Manageability: it is often a political process to get additional storage from non-DBA groups
Development and testing
•
Cost: it costs a lot to purchase 20 TB of storage to get several image copies of production to test and development!
•
Scalability: it is too much to provide 5, 10, 15 or more copies to development and testing teams
•
Manageability: it can take 25% or more of a DBA’s time to manage the cloning process
RPO and RTO
Tape Backup
Hot backup
RMAN
Data Guard
Copy-on-Write
Snapshots
WAFL
Snapshots
Synchronous
replication,
Data Guard
Async
replication
RMAN
Tape Backup
Hot backup
Recovery Point – Database-only is typically days or hours of lost data in disaster, or too
costly. Combined with storage can be faster, heterogeneous, and with less cost
Recovery Time – Database-only can be days or hours. Combined with storage can be
minutes.
Backup Window – Database-only is typically days for terabyte-sizes. Combined with
storage can be seconds
Snapshots:
Enterprise Backup
and Recovery
Oracle Tablespace Architecture
TABLESPACE
Segment
112K
(Table, Index, etc.)
Extent
28K
Extent
84K
Database
Blocks
datafile 1
datafile 2
datafile 4
datafile 3
datafile 5
Oracle Database Architecture
Image from
Oracle Corp
Oracle Backup Methods: Hot Backups
What:
• Online backup of the database
PROS:
• Can be used with other backup methods
CONS:
• Can be prohibitively lengthy
• Only backs up some of the Oracle files – not
customized code or non-Oracle systems such as
Exchange, applications, and SQL
• Performance degradation
• Need an automated script that looks at Oracle’s
configuration on the fly
Oracle Backup Methods: RMAN
RECOVERY MANAGER
What:
• Block-level backups - datafile
compression
• Parallel streams
• Many companies see a 10x +
performance depending on the
amount of updates that were
made between backups
• Use of a recovery catalog for
multiple databases
Oracle Backup Methods: RMAN
PROS:
• Significantly reduces RTO
• Significantly less storage space for
incremental backups (only changed blocks)
• Parallel streams/channels
• Works well with snapshots, SnapMirror, SMO,
Decru, future de-duplication
CONS:
• RMAN only backs up the database, not code
or non-Oracle systems
Oracle Backup Methods: Data Guard
What:
• Replicates Oracle databases from one data center to another
• Performs backups from the standby database instead of the production database
• Both physical and logical versions
Oracle Backup Methods: Data Guard
PROS:
• Synchronous mode
• Logical mode
CONS:
• Not supported by earlier versions of Oracle
• Only supports Oracle databases, not source code or nonOracle systems
• Disables NOLOGGING mode
• Extra Oracle license
• Standby database must be online
Oracle Backup Methods: Export/Import
What:
• Logical backups of tables (rather than copying the physical blocks of
data, it copies the series of commands used to recreate the tables)
PROS:
• Can recover on a table-by-table basis instead of the entire database
• Good for complementing other backup methods
CONS:
• Can take a LONG time versus snapshot methods
• All data since the export was made is lost
• A database must be running to perform either an export or import
• Export files shouldn’t be edited and can only be used by Oracle
Oracle Backup Methods: Export/Import
Additional Features:
• Using the SELECT clause (compared to FlexClone…)
• Logical copy of tables or the entire database
• Defragmenting
• Moving tables / data among schemas
• Moving tables / data among databases
• Recreating CREATE statements
imp full=y show=y log=cr_db.sql (it’s ugly)
• Migrate among Oracle versions
• Note: some OS’s have a 2G file-size limit so DBAs use the
“split” and/or compress / tar commands
Oracle Backup Methods: Data Pump
What:
• Export/Import’s replacement with significant
improvements
PROS:
• 15-45 times faster than Export/Import
• Parallel streams
• Suspend and restart data transfers
• Self-tuning
Oracle Backup Methods: Data Pump
CONS:
•
Like the Export/Import utilities
–
–
–
All data since the Data Pump started is lost
Still can take a long time to back up and recover versus methods such as snapshots
A database must be running to perform either an export or import
•
Data Pump does NOT yet work with XML schemas and XML schema-based tables
•
When you are importing data into an existing table using either APPEND or TRUNCATE, if
any row violates an active constraint, the load is discontinued and no data is loaded
•
Situations where external tables is used and Direct Path Load is not
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
there is an active trigger
a unique index exists
the table is partitioned
a referential integrity constraint exists
fine-grained access control is enabled in insert mode
the table has encrypted columns, table is in a cluster
a global index on multi-partition tables exists during a single-partition load
a domain index exists for an LOB column
a table contains BFILE columns or columns of opaque types
a table contains VARRAY columns with an embedded opaque type
supplemental logging is enabled and the table has an LOB column
Oracle Backup Methods: Oracle Flashback
What:
• Oracle’s flashback area allows for
recovering a table (or database)
to any point-in-time in the past by
storing images of data online
Flashback Database:
• Recover to point-in-time from Flash
Recovery Area
Flashback Table:
• FLASHBACK TABLE LAOUG_audience,
free_gift_list TO TIMESTAMP
(06-FEB-2007, 13:25:00);
Oracle Backup Methods: Oracle Flashback
Flashback Drop
• DROP command puts object into a “recycle
bin” for quick recovery
Oracle Backup Methods: Oracle Flashback
PROS:
• This method provides online backup and recovery,
eliminating the need to recover from tape and saving
valuable recovery time and management effort
• Extremely fast recovery of tables with simple commands
CONS:
• Requires a significant amount of flashback area online,
taking up lots of storage
• Can’t recover from media failure
• Can’t undo operations such as shrink datafile
• Can only flashback to the oldest SCN in the FRA
• Only works with newer releases of Oracle
Storage Backup Methods
Non-Oracle Storage Backup Solutions
• Non-Oracle solutions are sometimes “undiscovered”
in the world of DBAs
• Can solve issues that simply cannot be done with
Oracle-only technology
• May already be deployed in a company to support
Oracle/non-Oracle applications but the database
staff is unaware of its HUGE benefits to database
environments
Storage Backup Methods: Triple-Mirroring
What:
• Copies the data in real time to three sets of redundant disks
PROS:
• It’s possible to slice the mirror instantaneously and back up from
the slices, thereby eliminating performance hits of being in hot
backup mode for extended periods of time
CONS:
• Expensive: 50% more storage costs to keep a set of productionsized disks
• Companies still may not be able to meet backup windows,
especially if backing up from the mirror takes more than 24 hours
Storage Backup Methods: Array-Based Replication
What:
• Replication between two storage arrays that sends storage layer blocks to a
standby site whenever there is a storage change at the primary site
PROS:
• Fills the gaps of Data Guard by replicating non-Oracle systems and source code as
well as tables in NOLOGGING mode
• Works best in conjunction with Data Guard by jointly reducing replication traffic and
reducing or eliminating single points of failure
• Significantly improves RTO and RPO
CONS:
• Source and target may need to be the same vendor, unless using heterogeneous
replication such as Topio
• There is a cost associated with purchasing and maintaining a third-party arraybased replication solution. An ROI analysis will demonstrate that this cost can be
justified. The point at which it is recouped will depend on the value of the data
Oracle
Physical
Files
All of these should be backed up!
•Datafiles – data, index, temporary, rollback, system
•Online and archived redo logs
•Control files
•Oracle executables and patches
•Export, Data Pump dump, RMAN files
•Auditing files
•Parameter files (init.ora, sqlnet.ora, listener.ora, tnsnames.ora)
•SPfiles
•Alert logs, bdumps, cdumps, udumps
•Password files
•Single sign-on files
•LOB or BFILE or library storage structures
•External tables
•Home-grown scripts
Simpler Backup and Recovery
Redo Logs
All
Archive Logs
Oracle
Ctl Files
Datafiles
11AM
10 AM
9 AM
8 AM
7 AM
Active File System (CURRENT)
Storage Backup Methods: Snapshots
Instant backup and recovery of large data sets using a sophisticated, scalable, and fail-safe pointer system of storage
blocks. Snapshots represent a frozen view of data taken at a specific point-in-time. Data and entire environments can be
restored to a known stable point prior to the event that caused the disruption or corruption.
Snapshot.0
Active File System
File: ORACLE.DBF
File: ORACLE.DBF
Snapshot.1
File: ORACLE.DBF
A
B
C
C’
(Changed blocks
between snapshots
are tracked)
Snapshot.0 file system version of ORACLE.DBF is
still composed of blocks A, B & C
Snapshot.1 file system version of ORACLE.DBF is
composed of blocks A, B & C’
Technology Integration
Snapshot for Backup/DR validated by Oracle
• Snapshots
–
Point-in-time copy
Created in a few
seconds
No performance
penalty
• TPC-C Published
with 5 active
snapshots
Snapshot During 50/50 4K Read/Write OLTP
Workload
12000
10000
8000
IO/Sec
–
–
6000
4000
Snapshot taken
2000
0
0
60
120
180
240
300
Time (seconds)
360
420
480
540
Real World Snapshot Performance
"In our test configurations, we found that conducting a single snapshot copy on the FAS3070
over the course of the test had no sustained impact on the overall performance. On the CX3-80,
creating a single snapshot caused the overall performance level to drop to approximately 50
percent of the baseline performance. Additionally, the results show that the post snapshot
performance did not recover to levels observed before the snapshot was taken.”
VeriTest Report, NetApp FAS3070 vs. EMC CX3-80: Nov. 2006
Storage Backup Methods: SnapManager for Oracle
What:
• GUI that uses Snapshots for database backups, recoveries, and cloning. Easy to install and
integrates with Oracle RMAN, Oracle RAC, Oracle ASM. Oracle 9i and 10g
PROS:
• Greatly improves DBA efficiency in setting up test and dev environments
• Automates DBA tasks and reduces risks for:
– Error-free backups and recoveries
– Restores
– Clones
• Initiate and manage backups
• Minimize the risk of data loss and corruption with increased backup frequency
• Near instantaneous restores of data when it’s most critically needed
CONS:
• There is a cost associated with purchasing non-Oracle solutions. As with the other storagebased methods, an ROI analysis will demonstrate that this cost can be quickly justified. The
point at which it is recouped will depend on the value of the data and the value of the speed of
backup or recovery, improvements in manageability, etc.
Snapshots:
Development and
testing for Cloning
Using Snapshot Cloning to Accelerate
Application Development and Upgrade Cycle
Test and Development Lab
Test
Database
Oracle
Server
Clustered Filers
Testing
Baseline
Only
Takes
Seconds
Restore
Base
Environment
Run
Test
Database
Testing
Cycle
Evaluate
Results
• Quickly reconfigure multiple
test, development, QA, DW,
auditing, staging
environments
• Rapid restore from online
Snapshot copies
• Allows multiple test
environments
• Accelerates test cycles
• Helps deliver new Oracle
applications quickly
• Use Oracle cloning
procedures to clone
application environments
Before: Large E-Business Suite
Production
Challenges
• Copies consume lots of
disk
Mirrored Copy
– < 10% data differences
for each instance
• Copies take a lot
of time
…
Dev 1
Dev 2
Dev N
…
Test 1
Test 2
Test N
– Slower time to market
After, with Snapshot Clones
Production
Mirrored Copy
Solution
– Instantaneous copies
– Low storage overhead
Develop 1
Develop 2
• Faster TTM
• Higher quality
Test 1
Test 2
QA
• Lower cost
Oracle University and Cloning
• Refresh about 100 classes with 11
databases each weekend
• Entire operation now complete in 45
minutes!
Storage Backup Methods: SnapShots for Cloning
(SMO and FlexClone)
Scalability by Metric: To avoid surprise, require
proof of scalability at your requirement levels
350
Metric Value
300
250
Known Performance
and Cost
Unpredictable
Performance and
Cost
Demo (05:04)
200
150
100
50
Test and dev
with subset
full sizeof
database)
database
Test and dev
with full size
database
0
Scale Factor
Storage Backup Methods: SnapManager for Oracle
What:
• GUI that uses snapshots for database backups, recoveries, and cloning
• Easy to install and integrates with Oracle RMAN, Oracle RAC, Oracle ASM,
Oracle 9i and 10g
PROS:
• Greatly improves DBA efficiency in setting up test and dev environments
• Automates DBA tasks and enables error-free backups and recoveries,
restores and clones
• Initiates and manages backups
• Minimizes the risk of data loss and corruption with increased backup
frequency
• Provides near instantaneous restores
CONS:
• Cost associated with purchasing non-Oracle products
– ROI analysis will demonstrate that this cost can be justified
Disk-to-disk,
enhanced data
recovery and VTL
Disk-to-Disk: Enhanced Data Recovery is
the Solution
Why?
• Rising downtime costs
• Pressure to reduce recovery time (RTO)
• Pressure to minimize data loss (RPO)
• Increasing data sizes / shrinking backup window
• Tape backup & restore is unreliable
• Media costs & media management complexity getting
out of control
Disk-to-Disk: Enhanced Data Recovery is
the Solution
•A backup and restore architecture that adds a disk based
storage array to a traditional tape only solution.
•Enables concept of “Backup to disk, Archive to tape”
•Enabled by falling disk prices (ATA & SATA)
•Leverages random access capability of disk
•Augments tape capabilities
VTL: Efficient Backup and Restore
•
VTL emulates industry standard
tape libraries
•
Time to restore is improved with
online and near-line backups
•
Consolidated backups: integrates
as appliance!
•
Replace tape backups with VTL
backups
•
Faster than tape
•
Non-sequential recovery
•
Rapid failover supported—when a
server fails you can remount the
database volumes to another
server
Storage
Backup
Server
NearStore
VTL
Decru
DataFort
UNIX Servers
Windows
Servers
Tape Library for
backup
Disaster Recovery:
Storage-based
Replication
Replication Based Backup Solution ROI/TCO
What:
• Replication between two storage arrays that sends storage layer blocks
to a standby site whenever there is a storage change at the primary site
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Reduces the number of copies of data backed up
Reduces IP network traffic for backup data
More frequent backups with more copies kept online
Reduces tape media and automation resources
Fast file & full restores
Shortest RPO & RTO
Centralization of remote backup
Replication to off-site location lowers tape media management
costs for off-site tape rotation
Oracle Backup Methods: Data Guard
What:
• Replicates Oracle databases from one data center to another
• Performs backups from the standby database instead of the production database
• Both physical and logical versions
Oracle Backup Methods: Data Guard
PROS:
• Synchronous mode
• Logical mode
CONS:
• Not supported by earlier versions of Oracle
• Only supports Oracle databases, not source code or nonOracle systems
• Disables NOLOGGING mode
• Extra Oracle license
• Standby database must be online
Storage-based Replication for Oracle
NYC
Chicago
Primary Site
NAS/SAN
Storage
Appliance
GigE / FCP
/vol/Oracle
Standby Site
remote disk mirroring
solutions
Asynchronous replication over TCP/IP LAN or
WAN. No distance limitation.
Changed blocks are shipped to the target
mirrored volume
Data, Log &
Cntrl files
 Oracle
GigE / FCP
/vol/Oracle
Mirrored Data,
Log and
Cntrl files
DB volumes on primary and standby site are SnapMirrored
 Remote
 When
NAS/SAN
Storage
Appliance
site’s Oracle DB is kept in recovery mode
disaster strikes primary site, it’s a matter of breaking the SnapMirror and bringing up the remote
standby site’s Oracle DB in query/update mode
Storage Backup Methods: Array-Based Replication
PROS:
• Fills the gaps of Data Guard by replicating non-Oracle systems and source
code as well as tables in NOLOGGING mode
• Works best in conjunction with Data Guard by jointly reducing replication
traffic and reducing or eliminating single points of failure
• Significantly improves RTO and RPO
CONS:
• Source and target may need to be the same vendor, unless using
heterogeneous replication such as Topio
• There is a cost associated with purchasing and maintaining a third-party
array-based replication solution. An ROI analysis will demonstrate that this
cost can be justified. The point at which it is recouped will depend on the
value of the data
Cost savings: tiered
architecture / ILM
Oracle and Virtualization: Enterprise Grid
CPUs
Global Name
Space and
Unified
Management
OS and
Load
Sharing
Software
Network
High
Access
Data on
Primary
Storage
Single Virtual Machine


Pooled Storage
with
Transparent
Reconfiguration:
Compliance
Database
Backup Data
Secure Data
Single Virtual Storage Pool
Scalable everything: performance, availability, capacity, etc.
Single view; single point of control
Tiered Architecture / ILM
Oracle options for tiering data
•
•
•
•
Tablespaces on specific tiers of disks
Table and index partitioning – tiers of disk relate to specific partitions
Triggers, procedures, packages for migrating data
ILM solutions from Oracle or third-parties
– Oracle ILM Assistant
• Define the Data Classes
• Create Storage Tiers for the Data Classes
• Create Data Access and Migration Policies
• Define and Enforce Compliance Policies
– Third-party solution integration with Oracle
Cost savings example: 94% reduction in
storage costs!
Oracle options for tiering data
• Tablespaces on specific tiers of disks
• Table and index partitioning – tiers of disk relate to specific partitions
• Triggers, procedures, packages for migrating data
• ILM solutions from Oracle or third-parties
– Oracle ILM Assistant
•
•
•
•
Define the Data Classes
Create Storage Tiers for the Data Classes
Create Data Access and Migration Policies
Define and Enforce Compliance Policies
Performance and
high-availability:
RAID-DP
RAID-DP
•
•
RAID-DP is an advanced, cost-effective disk failure/error protection solution protecting
information in the event of a double disk or media failure within a single RAID group
RAID-DP is based on RAID4 adding a diagonal parity calculation to enhance overall
performance versus competitive double parity adaptations based on RAID6
{
D
D
D
D
P
DP
3
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
2
2
1
3
3
1
2
2
9
5
8
7
7
12
12
11
Why is RAID-DP Needed?
Protection
•
‘Traditional’ single-parity-drive RAID group no longer provides enough protection
– Reasonably-sized RAID groups (e.g. 8 drives) are exposed to data loss during reconstruction
•
RAID-DP’s double disk-failure protection does what RAID5 and RAID1/0 cannot:
– Reduces RISK: limits exposure to same RAID group second disk failure or non-recoverable
media error
Cost
•
RAID 1 is too costly for widespread use
– Mirroring doubles the cost of storage
– Not affordable for all data
•
RAID-DP exceeds RAID1/0 protection levels without the associated doubling of capacity
and cost
•
RAID-DP has a comparable operational cost to RAID 4
Performance
•
•
Optimized for Performance
Reduces RAID group rebuild time
RAID-DP vs other RAIDs
RAID
• >10,000 times more secure than
single-parity RAID
Protects against single
disk failure
P
• More reliable than mirroring for
double-disk failure
• 13% Parity Overhead vs
50% Overhead w/ Mirror(*)
RAID DP
Protects against any
P
two-disk failure
DP
• 75% more usable capacity than
competitive offerings(*)
* Comparing 14d + 2p vs. 8+8 mirror
The Cost of Data Availability & Protection
Compare RAID-DP™ to RAID10
Count the drives needed for 2TB useable storage using 144GB disk drives
RAID 10
30
RAID-DP™
17
RAID-DP protects as well as RAID10 with less storage overhead
A Simpler Database Architecture
Redo Logs
All
Archive Logs
Oracle
Ctl Files
Datafiles
Aggregates: a Simpler Database Design
Disk Utilization
100
Database
%Busy
80
60
40
20
0
1
3
5
7
9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31
Disk number
SPC-1 Results
3
2.4
2.5
Multi-Disk
Aggregate
2
1.6
1.5
1
0.7
0.5
0
NetApp RAID 1/0 RAID 5
RAID-DP
Aggregates: Improved Performance
Test OLTP
Database - 2
Test OLTP
Database - 1
8 Disk
Aggregate
Transaction log
Archive log
Flashback
24 Disk
Aggregate
Data files
32 Disk
Aggregate
All files
Aggregates: Improved Performance
Test OLTP
Database - 2
Test OLTP
Database - 1
20%
17%
15%
10%
5%
0%
-5%
8 Disk
Aggregate
24 Disk
Aggregate
-10%
32 Disk
Aggregate
-15%
Transaction log
Archive log
Flashback
Data files
-20%
All files
-24%
-25%
Disk Utilization
tpm
De-duplication
Other Backup Methods: De-duplication
What:
• De-duplication works with VTLs by detecting redundant data
streams during the backup process and sending pointers to that
data (versus actual streams of blocks of data) when duplicate
streams are detected
De-dupe
device
Other Backup Methods: De-duplication
PROS:
• Can dramatically reduce the backup stream size—typically 1020 times—and bandwidth required for backup
• 10-40% lower acquisition cost than tape
• When set up properly, de-duplication can work well with
multiple Oracle RMAN channels
CONS:
• Initial costs
Storage security
Encryption by Storage Vendors
What:
• Unencrypted data opens up the company to several
vulnerabilities—whether it’s a disgruntled employee or
consultant stealing the tape or the tape being lost in the
warehouse or while being transported off-site.
Encryption by Oracle
1) Oracle solutions
Database Encryption:
– Store data encrypted within database tables and, thus, also encrypted on tape
– Data may be unencrypted in indexes, temp tablespace, flashback, audit, and elsewhere
Oracle Secure Backup:
–
–
–
Encrypt Oracle’s RMAN backups before they are written to tape
By encrypting at the database level, an organization reduces much of its
exposure. This method is also free (for one direct-attached storage device)
Typically, the DBA is solely responsible for retaining the key and there are
inherent weaknesses with this strategy
2) Storage vendor encryption
• Encryption at the storage level
• Multi-master key management that prevents single points-of-failure for key loss
• No auto-destruct capabilities
• By using a hardware and software appliance, backup streams can be encrypted with
negligible impact on performance
Recovery Methodologies
An untested or
undocumented
backup and recovery
plan is no plan at all
Summary, Q & A
Ari Kaplan
[email protected]
312-399-0079
Addendum
Slides
Datalink Overview
• Independent information storage architect specializing
in solutions & services spanning:
– Data availability
– Data recovery
– Storage management
• Focused on information storage solutions and services
since 1987
• Headquartered in Minneapolis, MN, with operations
throughout the U.S.
• Publicly traded company (NASDAQ: DTLK)
Datalink Value Proposition
• Independence
– Unbiased guidance
– Business needs drive recommendations
• Storage focus & expertise
– Insider’s view of manufacturer R&D roadmaps
– Extensive experience with complex, multi-vendor, multiplatform infrastructures
– Alignment of people, processes and technologies
• Track record of excellence
– Long-term partnerships
– Business value