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Get Oracle 8i Running on Your Linux Server Straight Away! Roger Schrag Database Specialists, Inc. www.dbspecialists.com Oracle Open World 2000 Paper #276 Today’s Presentation • Oracle products available on Linux • Differences and limitations of Oracle’s offerings for Linux • Getting Linux-specific information about Oracle • Installing Oracle on Linux Today's Goals • Learn how Oracle 8i on Linux differs from Oracle 8i on other platforms • Learn how to install Oracle 8i correctly on Linux • Gain familiarity with database setup best practices Related Material Available Today’s presentation is based on a half-day training session I led at LinuxWorld Expo in 1999. The material has been condensed to fit a one hour timeslot and has been thoroughly updated to cover Oracle 8i Release 2. At http://www.dbspecialists.com/4dbas/present.html: • 50 page workbook from LinuxWorld Expo • Accompanying 87 slide presentation • 15 page step-by-step guide to installing Oracle 8i Release 2 (8.1.6) on Red Hat 6.2 Linux Oracle Products Available on Linux • Oracle 8i Enterprise Edition • Oracle 8i Standard Edition • WebDB • Oracle Application Server In this presentation we will only be looking at Oracle 8i. Oracle 8i Versions Available on Linux Version Also Known As Recommendation 8.1.6 8.1.5 8.0.5 Oracle 8i Release 2 Oracle 8i Release 1 Oracle8 Use this one! Harder to install. Not worth the hassle! Obsolete Oracle 8i on Linux: Differences Oracle 8i on Linux is extremely similar to Oracle 8i on Solaris. A few areas of difference are: • Operating system release and patch requirements • Method for setting kernel parameters • Location of oratab file Operating System Release and Patch Requirements Oracle 8i Release 2 is certified on the following Linux distributions: Red Hat 6.0 Red Hat 6.1 Red Hat 6.2 SuSE 6.3 SuSE 6.4 TurboLinux 6.0.2 Notes on Operating System Requirements • Some users have also found that Oracle 8i Release 2 works properly on Mandrake 7.1 (complete). • You should be able to use the GNOME or KDE window manager without problems. I installed Oracle 8i Release 2 in a Red Hat 6.2 environment with GNOME. Out of the box, everything ran smoothly. No operating system patches or additional RPMs were necessary. Setting Linux Kernel Parameters Oracle 8i on Linux requires the same kernel parameter settings as Oracle 8i on Solaris for SPARC. However, the default kernel parameter settings and how you go about changing them are very, very different. • Default kernel settings on Red Hat 6.2 will work, but SEMOPM should be increased to meet the documented minimum requirement. • Adjust kernel parameter settings by editing two files and rebuilding the kernel: • /usr/src/linux/include/asm/shmparam.h • /usr/src/linux/include/linux/sem.h Location of oratab file /etc/oratab instead of /var/opt/oracle/oratab Oracle 8i on Linux: Limitations • The following features and options are not available with the Linux release of Oracle 8i: • • • • Oracle Parallel Server Legato Storage Manager Internet Directory Server JDBC drivers for JDK 1.2 • In addition, the Oracle Data Migration Assistant on Linux is not capable of upgrading an Oracle 8.0.5 database to Oracle 8i Release 2 Oracle 8i Information Specific to the Linux Platform • Documentation provided by Oracle Corporation - Oracle 8i Release 2 for Linux Intel Installation Guide - Oracle 8i Release 2 for Linux Intel Administrator's Reference - Oracle 8i Release Notes for Linux Intel • Text files in $ORACLE_HOME/relnotes - Actually, these seem to be more specific to Solaris than Linux! Oracle 8i Information Specific to the Linux Platform (continued) • Oracle Technology Network http://technet.oracle.com - Technical discussion forums - Technical papers (Be careful! Some are quite out of date!) Installing Oracle on Linux • Prepare the server • Install the Oracle software and create a simple database • Create a scalable Oracle database (optional) • Complete the server configuration Prepare the Server 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Meet the software requirements Meet the hardware requirements Meet the kernel parameter requirements Get access to an X environment Create a Linux group for DBAs Create a software owner Linux account Create mount points Prepare the Server (continued) 8. Choose a local bin directory 9. Mount the CD ROM 10. Create the /etc/oratab file Install the Oracle Software and Create a Simple Database 1. Edit software owner’s login script 2. Log in using X environment 3. Verify that TCP/IP is working 4. Ensure there is enough storage space available Install the Oracle Software (continued) 5. Start the Oracle Universal Installer Install the Oracle Software (continued) 6. Choose the DBA group Install the Oracle Software (continued) 7. Choose to perform a “typical” install of Oracle 8i Install the Oracle Software (continued) 8. Specify a name for the database Install the Oracle Software (continued) 9. Specify a mount point for the database. Resolve permissions problems on the mount point if needed. Install the Oracle Software (continued) 10. Launch the installation Install the Oracle Software (continued) 11. Run root.sh 12. Deinstall products that were part of the “typical” install but you are not licensed to use 13. Perform a “custom” install if necessary to install products that are not part of the “typical” install 14. Add enhancements to the oraenv script 15. Fix a bug in the dbstart script 16. Add enhancements to the dbshut script Create a Scalable Oracle Database The simple database created during a “typical” Oracle software installation is suitable for playing around, but not much more. Follow these optional steps if you wish to replace the simple database with a scalable one. 1. 2. 3. 4. Remove the simple database Choose a block size for the scalable database Log in using X environment Ensure there is enough storage space available Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 5. Run the Database Configuration Assistant Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 6. Choose to perform a “custom” database creation Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 7. Select options to be configured Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 8. Specify a name for the database Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 9. Specify locations for the control files. Note that the defaults provided are not OFA compliant! Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 10. Specify locations, sizes, default storage for the six data files. Again, the defaults are not OFA compliant. Also, make sure the system tablespace is big enough or auto-extend remains enabled! Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 11. Specify locations and sizes for the online redo logs Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 12. Specify SGA sizing parameters Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 13. Choose to create the database now or build a set of shell scripts you can run later. If you choose to create the database now, be prepared to wait! Create a Scalable Oracle Database (continued) 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Configure the Net8 listener Prepare a tnsnames.ora file Improve the parameter file Configure the temporary tablespace Configure rollback segments Create application tablespaces Create application schemas and roles Complete the Server Configuration 1. Update the /etc/oratab file 2. Remove hardcoding from software owner’s login script 3. Create separate Linux accounts for database users 4. Configure automatic database start on server reboot Wrapping Up • Oracle 8i Release 2 installs easily on Linux • Oracle 8i Release 2 runs solidly on Linux • Linux is an excellent choice as a stable, reliable, low cost platform for running Oracle 8i Contact Information Roger Schrag [email protected] Database Specialists, Inc. 388 Market Street, Suite 400 San Francisco, CA 94111 415-344-0500