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Oracle for SQL Server DBAs
Gavin Payne
Agenda
• Why Oracle?
• Inside the database
• Installation
• Programmability
• Physical Storage
• Tools
• Backup and Recovery
• Next Steps
20 slides in 50 minutes
Q&A
About Me
Gavin Payne
Solution Architect 3.5 years
SQL Server DBA 10 years
inc Oracle DBA 2 years
SQL Bits 7
SQL Server User Group
SQL Social
Blog
Twitter
http://blog.gavinpayneuk.com
@GavinPayneUK
Introduction
• Today I am not going to:
tell you Oracle is better than SQL Server
tell you SQL Server is better than Oracle
• This is a Level 100 session for newcomers to Oracle:
Oracle is a massive product, even the basics
Set your expectations appropriately!
Why Oracle?
• Very successful product
• Lion’s share of the market (think Unix not just Wintel)
• Massive legacy install base and still being deployed
• Some things only work or are stored with Oracle
• One day you will bump into one of those things
Platforms
• Oracle runs on many platforms:
HP-UX
AIX
Solaris
Linux
Windows
PA-RISC
PowerPC
Sparc
x86/x64/Itanium
x86/x64/Itanium
• Traditionally a very Unix/Linux focussed product
• But today Windows is just as common, if not more
Installation Tools
• Download from oracle.com
– free dev downloads
• Oracle Universal Installer
– product
setup wizard
• DBCA
– database (instance)
setup wizard
Installation Tips
• You can use a virtual machine
– I’m using Windows 2008 R2 on Hyper-V
• More resource hungry than SQL Server
– memory, IO, CPU, in that order
• Just accepting the defaults is fine
Oracle Enterprise Manager
• Browser based administration tool
• Focuses on platform and schema control rather than data
• Primarily of DBA, not developer, interest
• Compared to SSMS it’s pretty shocking
• Portability over functionality
• Not all functionality is free!
• Demo
Oracle Database Components
%ORACLE_SID%
%ORACLE_HOME%
Oracle Database System
Oracle Database
Database Instance
Physical
Files
Background
Processes
Executables
System files
Data files
Operating system
processes and services
Database writer
Log writer
Checkpoint
Sys Mon
Process Mon
Archiver
Job Queue
Oracle’s Physical Files
Parameter File
(PFILE or SPFILE)
Control Files
MSDB
TempDB
User
DB
User
DB
User
DB
User
DB
Log
Log
Log
Log
SYSTEM
Undo Log
Redo Logs
SYSAUX
User
Data
File
User
Data
File
Temp
User
Data
File
User
Data
File
Database
Master
Oracle
SQL Server
Registry
Oracle’s Logical Hierarchy
SQL Server
Core Components
OracleHome
Master
Database
Master Log
UserDB1
UserDB1 Log
dbo Schema
user1 Schema
Named Instance
Master
Oracle
SQL Server
Default Instance
Data Files
Redo Logs
SYS Schema
APP1 Schema
APP2 Schema
APP3 Schema
Master Log
UserDB1
UserDB1 Log
dbo Schema
user1 Schema
APP4 Schema
Oracle Recovery Mechanism
4
1
Redo Log
Buffer
3
Redo Log 1
5
Physical Data Files
Current
Data
2
DATA1.DBF DATA2.DBF DATA3.DBF etc.
Undo Log
Commit
User “Application”
t
poin
k
c
e
Ch
Redo Log 2
6
Log Switch
Redo Log 3
Archive
Logs
Backup and Recovery
• Archivelog mode
Equivalent to Full recovery mode
Writes and then empties the changes in an
inactive redo log to an operating system disk file
transaction log backup
Key to performing point in time recoveries
And online backups!
RMAN
• Oracle’s Recovery Manager
• Command line backup and cataloguing manager
• Equivalent of T-SQL Backup and Restore
• Production DBA’s best friend
• Highly comprehensive scripting language
• DEMO
Cluster
Node
Active
Datafiles
Cluster
Node
Passive
3rd Party Cluster Manager
Cluster
Node
Active
Datafiles
Cluster
Node
Passive
Real Application Clustering
Oracle
Windows Failover Clustering
Third Party
SQL Server
High Availability
Cluster
Node
Active
Datafiles
Cluster
Node
Active
Inside The Database
Database Object Types
Program Object Types
• Tables
Relational
Object
XML
• Indexes
• Views
• Synonyms
• Sequences
•
•
•
•
•
Packages
Package Bodies
Procedures
Functions
Triggers
• Java Classes
• Java Sources
Programmability
• Oracle supports 3 languages
SQL
PL/SQL
Java
• PL/SQL is similar to C, although based on Ada
• Similar feature set to T-SQL 2005 onwards
• But not as friendly?
Programmability
Key PL/SQL Differences with T-SQL
desc object_name;
Select sysdate from dual;
Select seq_name.nextval from dual;
Procedures cannot return data!
Tools
Oracle Tools
3rd Party Tools
• Enterprise Manager
• Quest Toad
• SQL*Plus
• Red Gate
• JDeveloper
DEMO
Next Steps
• Download and install, get to the Enterprise Mgr page
• Decide what you want to learn more about next?
• What we didn’t cover:
Networking and Listeners
Security
Memory management
Dynamic and Flash storage
PL/SQL
Reading Material
• Oracle 2-day DBA Guide (download)
• Oracle – A Beginner’s Guide (Oracle Press)
• Oracle for SQL Server DBAs (Oracle Press) Nov 2010
Q&A