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Oracle RAC with Data Guard and Golden Gate Examination of 2 X 3-Node Clusters across 2 Data Centers Steve Recsky Complete DBA Inc. A Partner of First4 Database Partners Inc. First4 Database Partners Inc. Objectives Review and discuss the following: MAA and it’s components Data Guard RAC (Real Application Clusters) Golden Gate Data Guard set up and configuration Oracle Cluster Resources and Services Show a Data Guard Switchover Show connection to Service Discuss challenges for maintaining the environment Questions First4 Database Partners Inc. Oracle MAA Maximum Availability Architecture Address the following unplanned downtime: Site failure Cluster wide failure Computer failure Storage failure Data corruption Human error Lost writes Hang or slowdown First4 Database Partners Inc. Oracle MAA First4 Database Partners Inc. Why RAC, Data Guard, Golden Gate? RAC – Real Application Clusters Highly scalable SCAN (Single Client Access Name) support Removes single-point-of-failure for database server (Except for disk and/or site failure) First4 Database Partners Inc. RAC Oracle® Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) E41960-03 First4 Database Partners Inc. Why RAC, Data Guard, Golden Gate? Data Guard Allows for the support of a Physical standby (Redo Apply) and Logical standby (SQL Apply) database that replicates the exact contents of the Primary across the Oracle Net network layer If licensed, the standby database can be opened in read-only mode to support the Active Data Guard option Purpose-built for disaster protection and database rolling upgrades First4 Database Partners Inc. Why RAC, Data Guard, Golden Gate? Data Guard Protection Levels Maximum Protection (zero data loss, synchronous replication) Maximum Availability (same as Protection but does not shut down if a fault prevents it from writing its redo stream to the remote standby) Maximum Performance (asynchronous replication) First4 Database Partners Inc. Data Guard First4 Database Partners Inc. Why RAC, Data Guard, Golden Gate? Golden Gate Supports subset replication to extract, transform and aggregate data from numerous data sources into a central data store Multi-master replication can be used to synchronize several databases Used for planned maintenance that Data Guard can’t support (i.e. cross-endian platform migration, application upgrades, etc.) First4 Database Partners Inc. Golden Gate – single direction First4 Database Partners Inc. Golden Gate – bi-directional FYI – Need to be aware of collisions with Sequences, Trigger processing and Cascade Deletes First4 Database Partners Inc. Golden Gate Components First4 Database Partners Inc. Combination of all 3 solutions First4 Database Partners Inc. Environment RAC Node 1 Instance 1 RAC Node 2 Instance 2 RW Service Primary RAC Node 3 Instance 3 Primary Data Center (PDC) First4 Database Partners Inc. RO Service Data Guard Secondary RAC Node 1 Instance 1 RAC Node 2 Instance 2 RAC Node 3 Instance 3 Secondary Data Center (SDC) Quick Steps to set up Data Guard Make sure Primary database is in ARCHIVELOG mode Prepare Primary for Data Guard Configure Oracle Net Configure Redo Transport alter database force logging; alter system set standby_file_management = 'AUTO'; alter database add standby logfile… set db_unique_name parameter alter system set fal_server =… alter system set log_archive_config = 'dg_config=(…)’; log_archive_dest_1 log_archive_dest_2 Prepare Standby Copy password file from $ORACLE_HOME/dba/orapw… Create standby spfile from the primary alter sytem set db_file_name_convert=… alter system set log_file_name_convert=… First4 Database Partners Inc. Quick Steps to set up Data Guard startup the Standby database with nomount… Create Standby Database Start the Redo Apply ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION; Verify Redo Apply is working RMAN – duplicate target database … for standby from active database; Primary and Standby: select DEST_ID, STATUS, DESTINATION, ERROR from V$ARCHIVE_DEST where DEST_ID <=2; Primary: select SEQUENCE#, FIRST_TIME, NEXT_TIME, APPLIED, ARCHIVED from V$ARCHIVED_LOG where name = ‘…' order by FIRST_TIME; select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2; Look for errors here select * from V$DATAGUARD_STATUS order by TIMESTAMP; First4 Database Partners Inc. Oracle Cluster Services and RAC PDC pdcoradb1[DBATEST1](oracle):/home/oracle> srvctl status database -d DBATEST_PDC Instance DBATEST1 is running on node pdcoradb1 Instance DBATEST2 is running on node pdcoradb2 Instance DBATEST3 is running on node pdcoradb3 SDC sdcoradb1[DBATEST1](oracle):/home/oracle> srvctl status database -d DBATEST_SDC Instance DBATEST1 is running on node sdcoradb1 Instance DBATEST2 is running on node sdcoradb2 Instance DBATEST3 is running on node sdcoradb3 First4 Database Partners Inc. Oracle Cluster Services and RAC PDC pdcoradb1[DBATEST1](oracle):/home/oracle> srvctl config database -d DBATEST_PDC Database unique name: DBATEST_PDC Database name: DBATEST Oracle home: /usr/oracle/product/11.2.0.2 Oracle user: oracle Spfile: /oradata/pdcoraclu/admin/dbs/spfileDBATEST.ora Domain: PDC Start options: open Stop options: immediate Database role: PRIMARY Management policy: AUTOMATIC Server pools: DBATEST_PDC Database instances: DBATEST1,DBATEST2,DBATEST3 Disk Groups: Mount point paths: Services: DBATEST_RO.CORP,DBATEST_RW.CORP Type: RAC Database is administrator managed First4 Database Partners Inc. Oracle Cluster Services and RAC PDC sdcoradb1[DBATEST1](oracle):/home/oracle> srvctl config database -d DBATEST_SDC Database unique name: DBATEST_SDC Database name: DBATEST Oracle home: /usr/oracle/product/11.2.0.2 Oracle user: oracle Spfile: /oradata/sdcoraclu/admin/dbs/spfileDBATEST.ora Domain: SDC Start options: open Stop options: immediate Database role: PHYSICAL_STANDBY Management policy: AUTOMATIC Server pools: DBATEST_SDC Database instances: DBATEST1,DBATEST2,DBATEST3 Disk Groups: Mount point paths: Services: DBATEST_RO.CORP,DBATEST_RW.CORP Type: RAC Database is administrator managed First4 Database Partners Inc. Data Guard Broker PDC/SDC DGMGRL> show database verbose "DBATEST_PDC" Database - DBATEST_PDC Role: Intended State: Instance(s): DBATEST1 DBATEST2 DBATEST3 PRIMARY TRANSPORT-ON Properties: DGConnectIdentifier = 'DBATEST.PDC' ObserverConnectIdentifier = '' <...snipped...> StandbyFileManagement = 'AUTO' ArchiveLagTarget = '1800' LogArchiveMaxProcesses = '4' LogArchiveMinSucceedDest = '1' DbFileNameConvert = '' LogFileNameConvert = '/oradata/DBATEST/redo/redoA, /oradata/DBATEST/redo/redoA, /oradata/DBATEST/redo/redoB, /oradata/DBATEST/redo/redoB' FastStartFailoverTarget = '' <..snipped..> Database Status: SUCCESS ArchiveLagTarget limits the amount of data that can be lost and effectively increases the availability of the standby database by forcing a log switch after the specified amount of time elapses. First4 Database Partners Inc. Data Guard Broker PDC/SDC DGMGRL> show instance verbose "DBATEST1" on database "DBATEST_PDC" Instance 'DBATEST1' of database 'DBATEST_PDC' Host Name: pdcoradb1.CORP.ca PFILE: Properties: SidName = 'DBATEST1' StaticConnectIdentifier = '(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.96.44.38)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=DBATEST.PDC)(INSTANCE _NAME=DBATEST1)(SERVER=DEDICATED)))' StandbyArchiveLocation = '/oradata/DBATEST/arch' AlternateLocation = '' LogArchiveTrace = '0' LogArchiveFormat = 'DBATEST_%t_%s_%r.arc' TopWaitEvents = '(monitor)' Instance Status: SUCCESS Set StaticConnectIdentifier so as to not have to define a TNS Names entry called service_name_DGMGRL First4 Database Partners Inc. Services pdcoradb1[DBATEST1](oracle):/home/oracle> srvctl config service -s DBATEST_RW.CORP -d DBATEST_PDC Service name: DBATEST_RW.CORP Service is enabled Server pool: DBATEST_PDC_DBATEST_RW.CORP Cardinality: 3 Disconnect: false Service role: PRIMARY Management policy: AUTOMATIC DTP transaction: false AQ HA notifications: true Failover type: SELECT Failover method: BASIC TAF failover retries: 0 TAF failover delay: 0 Connection Load Balancing Goal: LONG Runtime Load Balancing Goal: NONE TAF policy specification: NONE Edition: Preferred instances: DBATEST1,DBATEST2,DBATEST3 Available instances: First4 Database Partners Inc. Services sdcoradb1[DBATEST1](oracle):/home/oracle> srvctl config service -s DBATEST_RO.CORP -d DBATEST_SDC Service name: DBATEST_RO.CORP Service is enabled Server pool: DBATEST_SDC_DBATEST_RO.CORP Cardinality: 3 Disconnect: false Service role: PHYSICAL_STANDBY Management policy: AUTOMATIC DTP transaction: false AQ HA notifications: true Failover type: SELECT Failover method: BASIC TAF failover retries: 0 TAF failover delay: 0 Connection Load Balancing Goal: LONG Runtime Load Balancing Goal: NONE TAF policy specification: NONE Edition: Preferred instances: DBATEST1,DBATEST2,DBATEST3 Available instances: First4 Database Partners Inc. Services sdcoradb1[DBATEST1](oracle):/home/oracle> sqlplus srecsky@dbatest_rw.CORP SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Mon Dec 9 13:10:52 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enter password: Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options 13:10:57 DBATEST1 SRECSKY>select host_name from v$instance; HOST_NAME ---------------------------------------------------------------pdcoradb1.CORP.ca DBATEST_RW.CORP = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sdcoraclu-scan.CORP.ca)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = pdcoraclu-scan.CORP.ca)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = DBATEST_RW.CORP) (FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=30)(DELAY=5)) ) ) First4 Database Partners Inc. Data Guard Switchover pdcoradb1[DBATEST1](oracle):/home/oracle> dgmgrl DGMGRL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production Copyright (c) 2000, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Welcome to DGMGRL, type "help" for information. DGMGRL> connect sys/****************@dbatest.corppdc Connected. DGMGRL> switchover to 'DBATEST_CORPSDC'; Performing switchover NOW, please wait... New primary database "DBATEST_CORPSDC" is opening... Operation requires shutdown of instance "DBATEST3" on database "DBATEST_CORPPDC" Shutting down instance "DBATEST3"... ORACLE instance shut down. Operation requires startup of instance "DBATEST3" on database "DBATEST_CORPPDC" Starting instance "DBATEST3"... ORACLE instance started. Database mounted. Database opened. Switchover succeeded, new primary is "DBATEST_CORPSDC" DGMGRL> First4 Database Partners Inc. Data Guard – RW Connection H:\>sqlplus srecsky@dbatest_rw.corp SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Dec 10 14:37:47 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enter password: Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select host_name from v$instance; HOST_NAME ---------------------------------------------------------------sdcoradb2.corp.ca SQL> First4 Database Partners Inc. Data Guard – RO Connection H:\>sqlplus srecsky@dbatest_ro.corp SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Dec 10 14:51:07 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enter password: Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select host_name from v$instance; HOST_NAME ---------------------------------------------------------------pdcoradb3.corp.ca SQL> First4 Database Partners Inc. Data Guard - Configuration DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - DBATEST Protection Mode: MaxPerformance Databases: DBATEST_CORPSDC - Primary database DBATEST_CORPPDC - Physical standby database Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED Configuration Status: SUCCESS DGMGRL> sdcoradb1[DBATEST1](oracle):/home/oracle> srvctl status service -s DBATEST_RW.CORP -d DBATEST_CORPSDC Service DBATEST_RW.CORP is running on instance(s) DBATEST1,DBATEST2,DBATEST3 First4 Database Partners Inc. Golden Gate Challenge Oracle Database Oracle Database Primary G o l d e n G a t e Data Guard Secondary G o l d e n G a t e GG Checkpoin t/Trail Files Primary RAC RAC Node 1 RAC Node Instance 12 Node23 Instance Instance 3 Primary Data Center First4 Database Partners Inc. Data Guard DBFS Primary Primary Secondary GG Checkpoin t/Trail Files RAC RAC Node 1 Node RAC Instance 12 Instance Node 23 Instance 3 Secondary Data Center DBFS Oracle Database File System Creates a standard file system interface on top of files and directories that are stored in database tables Similar to NFS in that it provides a shared network file system that looks like a local file system Files are stored as SecureFiles LOBs in a database table A set of PL/SQL procedures implement the file system access primitives such as create, open, read, write, and list directory Oracle states that there can be overhead on the primary database for the DBFS being part of it First4 Database Partners Inc. DBFS Oracle Database File System Oracle® Database SecureFiles and Large Objects Developer's Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) E18294-04 First4 Database Partners Inc. Doc ID 1436913.1 Best Practice - Oracle GoldenGate 11gr2 integrated extract and Oracle Data Guard - Switchover/Fail-over Operations Integrate GoldenGate integrated extract with Data Guard so that GoldenGate processes can also be switchedover/failed-over automatically with no manual intervention as part of Data Guard switchover/failover Switchover/failover is actually done by a UNIX shell program which is triggered by the database system event "DB_ROLE_CHANGE" when switchover/failover occurs Database must be 11.2.0.3 or higher to support Integrated Extract First4 Database Partners Inc. Some Parting Thoughts Look at tools available to you as part of the MAA Follow best practices Build, test and document Be cognizant of the license requirements First4 Database Partners Inc. The End [email protected] First4 Database Partners Inc.