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Overview Genre History Unit Topic: Music Awareness Elements of Music This course is for non-performers as well as performers. It covers the styles and forms of music from Medieval and Renaissance to the 20th century. The course will also cover the types and evolution of musical instruments (including voices). Elements of Music Enduring Understandings (generalizations) Guiding Questions Exit Skills The relationship of rhythmic patterns aids in the expression of musical ideas. (9-12.Mu.2.1.2) Manipulating rhythm creates patterns. (9-12.Mu.2.1.2) How do rhythmic patterns indicate musical style? How do various musical periods differ rhythmically? How can rhythmic values be grouped? Demonstrate how patterns are formed using rhythmic note values. Define differences in meters (duple, triple; simple, compound). Melody is a succession of single pitches that is perceived as a recognizable whole. (9-12.Mu.2.1.2) What are the components of melody (step/leap, range, contour, phrasing, scales/modes)? How are melodies arranged? How are chords constructed? What is the difference between consonant and dissonant? How are simple chords altered to create more complex chords? How do chord progressions create order and unity? How are sections combined to create musical compositions? How do repetition and contrast affect structure? What are some common multiimovement structures? Demonstrate how patterns are formed using melody. Define differences in melodic structure. Dynamics, tempo, articulation and text express and enhance the message of music. (9-12.Mu.3.2.3) How are expressive elements demonstrated in music? Recognize terminology and symbols for dynamics and articulation. Aesthetics are personal and cannot be measured objectively, although meaningful generalizations about them can be made. (9-12.Mu.1.1.3, 9-12.Mu.2.1.3) How can a work of art impact individuals differently or in a like manner? Discuss how music facilitates the communication of emotions and ideas. Evaluate the non-musical aspects of a performance and how they can influence the impact of a work of art. Chords have primary qualities and secondary qualities. (9-12.Mu.3.2.3) Chords move in progressions. (9-12.Mu.2.1.2.) Structure creates order and clarity in music.(9-12.Mu.2.1.2, 9-12.Mu.1.1.2) Musical structure is caused by repetition and contrast of same and different parts. (9-12.Mu.2.1.2, 9-12.Mu.1.1.2) Recognize harmonies as consonant or dissonant. Recognize moments of tension and release in music (i.e. cadences, progressions, non-harmonic tones). In an aural example, determine when the chord changes. Recognize repetition and patterns that shape form at many levels Analyze various musical structures in a prescribed piece (both aurally and visually). Genre Enduring Understandings (generalizations) Melody and rhythm are primary tools in the communication of ideas in music. (9-12.Mu.2.1.1) Guiding Questions How do the mode and composition of the melody and rhythm affect music? Exit Skills Compare and contrast the characteristics of melody and rhythm in different genres. What are the melodic and rhythmic characteristics of different genres? Different genres incorporate different approaches to harmony, consonance and dissonance. (9-12.Mu.2.2.2) Different genres incorporate different textures. (9-12.Mu.1.2.2) How do the unique harmony and voicing in music require different approaches in the music? Determine genre of an aural example based on harmonic structure. Why is texture different from one genre to another? How are different textures indicators of style in music? Demonstrate an understanding of how texture can be changed to create complexity and interest (i.e. addition and subtraction of voices or instruments, moving parts vs. static parts, etc.). Texture creates complexity and interest. (9-12.Mu.2.2.2) Structure creates order and clarity in music. (9-12.Mu.2.1.2) How do textures create complexity and interest in music? What formal structures are exhibited in different genre? In composed works, timbre choices How does timbre affect genre? reflect mood, culture and style. (9-12.Mu.1.1.1) Describe the formal structures as they affect genre using appropriate musical vocabulary. Compare and contrast use of timbre in varying genres. Performance expectations are culturally derived and vary according to musical styles and environments. (9-12.Mu.1.1.1) How does the proper approach to producing sound impact a performance? What manners are expected from performers and audience members? Why should the behavior of an audience change with the different performance styles or environments? What non-musical aspects of performance affect an audience’s perception? Evaluate a performance using the proper musical vocabulary. Demonstrate proper etiquette as a performer and audience member, according to the given performance style. Assess performances, as both performer and audience member. Describe the use of body language, facial expression, and other visual and sensory elements of performance. History Enduring Understandings (generalizations) Guiding Questions Exit Skills Music is a product and reflection of the lives and experiences of people. (9-12.Mu.1.1.1, 9-12.Mu.2.1.1, 9-12.Mu.2.1.2) How does a given piece of music reflect its time period? How can understanding the historical context of a composition foster insight? Music exhibits both continuity and change over time. (9-12.Mu.1.1.1, 9-12.Mu.1.1.2, 9-12.Mu.1.1.3, 9-12.Mu.1.1.4, 9-12.Mu.2.1.3, 9-12.Mu.2.1.4) How can understanding the culture and time Compare and contrast musical that surrounded a musical composition help compositions of differing historical periods. to appreciate it? Musical genres and styles have distinguishing characteristics. (9-12.Mu.1.2.2, 9-12.Mu.3.2.3) What characteristics make each style or genre unique? Create an appropriate interpretation of a performance based on the composer/arranger’s intent. Distinct rhythmic patterns are indicators of musical style. How do various musical periods differ rhythmically? Demonstrate through class performance different rhythm styles reflecting various musical periods and genres. Distinct melodic patterns are indicators of style. (9-12.Mu.3.2.3) What are the melodic characteristics of different styles and genres? Different styles incorporate different approaches to harmony, consonance and dissonance. (9-12.Mu.2.1.1) How are harmony and voicing approached in different historical periods of music? Analyze the use of melody in different styles and genres such as fugue, theme and variations, or 12 tone. Describe and/or analyze how harmony evolved over time. Describe characteristics of various musical examples with accurate musical terminology. Layers of sound reflect historical and cultural choices in composed and improvised music. (9-12.Mu.1.2.2) In music, timbre choices reflect mood, culture and style. (9-12.Mu.1.1.1) How are different textures indicators of style Demonstrate an understanding of and historical periods in music? the correlation between texture styles and the major historical periods. How do timbre choices reflect mood and culture in historical eras of music? Identify by listening the different texture styles (i.e. homophony, monophony, polyphony). Discuss use of timbre according to the historical style of music.