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CELL DIVISION THE CELL CYCLE • A cell grows, prepares for division, and divides into two new daughter cells. THE CELL CYCLE • A cell grows, prepares for division, and divides into two new daughter cells. • Each daughter cell then begins the cell cycle again STAGES OF THE CELL CYCLE • STAGE 1: Interphase STAGES OF THE CELL CYCLE • STAGE 1: Interphase • STAGE 2: Mitosis STAGES OF THE CELL CYCLE • STAGE 1: Interphase • STAGE 2: Mitosis • STAGE 3: Cytokinesis STEPS OF INTERPHASE • GROWTH STEPS OF INTERPHASE • GROWTH • Cell grows to full size STEPS OF INTERPHASE • GROWTH • Cell grows to full size • Makes new structures it needs STEPS OF INTERPHASE • GROWTH • Cell grows to full size • Makes new structures it needs – New ribosomes and enzymes STEPS OF INTERPHASE • GROWTH • Cell grows to full size • Makes new structures it needs – New ribosomes and enzymes – Copies made of both mitochondria and chloroplasts STEPS OF INTERPHASE • REPLICATION STEPS OF INTERPHASE • REPLICATION • Cell makes an exact copy of the DNA in the nucleus STEPS OF INTERPHASE • REPLICATION • Cell makes an exact copy of the DNA in the nucleus – One for each daughter cell STEPS OF INTERPHASE • PREPARING FOR DIVISION STEPS OF INTERPHASE • PREPARING FOR DIVISION • Produces structure it will need to divide PHASES OF MITOSIS • PROPHASE PHASES OF MITOSIS • PROPHASE – Chromatids condense to form chromosomes attached by a centromere PHASES OF MITOSIS • PROPHASE – Chromatids condense to form chromosomes attached by a centromere – Centrioles move to opposite ends of cell PHASES OF MITOSIS • PROPHASE – Chromatids condense to form chromosomes attached by a centromere – Centrioles move to opposite ends of cell – Spindle fibers form PHASES OF MITOSIS • PROPHASE – Chromatids condense to form chromosomes attached by a centomere – Centrioles move to opposite ends of cell – Spindle fibers form – Nuclear envelope breaks down PHASES OF MITOSIS • METAPHASE PHASES OF MITOSIS • METAPHASE – Chromosomes line up in the middle PHASES OF MITOSIS • METAPHASE – Chromosomes line up in the middle – Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers PHASES OF MITOSIS • ANAPHASE PHASES OF MITOSIS • ANAPHASE – The centromeres split PHASES OF MITOSIS • ANAPHASE – The centromeres split – Each end becomes a new chromosome PHASES OF MITOSIS • ANAPHASE – The centromeres split – Each end becomes a new chromosome – The new chromosomes move to opposite end of the cell PHASES OF MITOSIS • TELOPHASE PHASES OF MITOSIS • TELOPHASE – Chromosomes stretch out PHASES OF MITOSIS • TELOPHASE – Chromosomes stretch out – A new nuclear envelope forms around each group of chromosomes CYTOKINESIS CYTOKINESIS • The cytoplasm divides CYTOKINESIS • The cytoplasm divides • The organelles are split up between the 2 new cells CYTOKINESIS • The cytoplasm divides • The organelles are split up between the 2 new cells • Plants: – Cell plate forms and splits cell into 2 CYTOKINESIS • The cytoplasm divides • The organelles are split up between the 2 new cells • Plants: Animals: – Cell plate forms and splits cell into 2 - Sides pinch in to split the cell THE CELL CYCLE • ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ • ____________________________ ____________________________ STAGES OF THE CELL CYCLE • STAGE 1: ___________ • STAGE 2: ___________ • STAGE 3: ___________ STEPS OF INTERPHASE • GROWTH • ____________________ ____________________ • ____________________ ____________________ – ______________________ ______________________ – ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ STEPS OF INTERPHASE • REPLICATION • _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ – _________________ _________________ _________________ STEPS OF INTERPHASE • PREPARING FOR DIVISION • ________________ ________________ ________________ PHASES OF MITOSIS • PROPHASE – ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ – ________________ ________________ – ________________ – ________________ ________________ PHASES OF MITOSIS • METAPHASE – ________________ ________________ ________________ – ________________ ________________ ________________ PHASES OF MITOSIS • ANAPHASE – ________________ – ________________ ________________ – ________________ ________________ ________________ CYTOKINESIS • ____________________________ • ____________________________ ____________________________ • Plants: Animals: – ____________ ____________ ____________ - ____________ ____________ ____________
