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Transport Quest Review Plasma Membrane Draw the structure of the plasma membrane including as many components as possible. What properties of phospholipids provide the special properties of the plasma membrane? Plasma Membrane Do these get through the plasma membrane? (what categories of substances can get through?) H+ or Ca++ CO2 K+, ClH2O Glycerol or ethanol (-OH) O2 Amino acids Glucose Do these get through the plasma membrane? Lipophilic, non-polar, small H+ or Ca++ CO2 K+, ClH2O Glycerol or ethanol (-OH) O2 Amino acids Glucose No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No What is this an example of? Explain? What is this an example of? Explain? Diffusion – Higher Concentration to Lower conc until reach equilibrum Passive Transport [High] to [Low] Passive Transport [High] to [Low] DIFFUSION • FACILITATED DIFFUSION OSMOSIS Describe what is happening in this beaker? Be complete in your description. Describe what is happening in this beaker? Osmosis – movement of water in response to concentration difference across selectively permeable membrane. Answer the following listing the type of environment, movement of water, solute concentration, and condition of cell: What happens to an animal cell placed in salt solution? What happens to a plant cell placed in water? What happens to an animal cell placed in 0.9% salene? What happens to you if you are stranded and drink salt water in the ocean? Osmotic Pressure Answer the following listing the type of environment, movement of water, solute concentration, and condition of cell: What happens to an animal cell placed in salt solution? Hypertonic What happens to a plant cell placed in water? Hypotonic solution- cell will swell What happens to an animal cell placed in 0.9% salene? Isotonic solution- cell will shrivel Solution – nothing will happen What happens to you if you are stranded and drink salt water in the ocean? Salt water will create a hypertonic environment resulting in the loss of water from your body. A homeowner contracts a lawn company to make the grass grow better. This process is normally done by spraying a mixture of fertilizer and water onto the lawn. What would happen if too much fertilizer and too little water were sprayed onto the lawn? What happens to the cells of the grass? Was the fertilizer/water mix hypertonic or hypotonic to the cells of the grass? A homeowner contracts a lawn company to make the grass grow better. This process is normally done by spraying a mixture of fertilizer and water onto the lawn. What would happen if too much fertilizer and too little water were sprayed onto the lawn? Lawn would dry out and die. What happens to the cells of the grass? Cells loose water and shrink. Was the fertilizer/water mix hypertonic or hypotonic to the cells of the grass? Hypertonic What are some examples of active transport? Describe the concentration gradient involved in active transport How is active transport different from passive transport? What’s happening in this picture? What are some examples of active transport? Nervous system/ Na/K pump Describe the concentration gradient involved in active transport. Low to high against conc gradient How is active transport different from passive transport? Requires energy What’s happening in this picture? Endocytosis(top), Exocytosis bottom Label the Structure of a Neuron Structure of a Neuron 4. Myelin sheath: insulating membrane *increases speed of impulse* 1. Cell body: Contains the nucleus and other cell organelles Nucleus Axon terminals 1. Cell body 4. Myelin sheath Nodes 3. Axon 3. Axon: long, thin extension of the cell body *Function: sends nerve impulses away from the cell body* (Remember “A” for away!) 2. Dendrites 2. Dendrites: Short, branched extensions of the cell body *Function: receive stimuli* Nervous System Describe what types of nerves are involved (sensory and motor) and how they work together when you stub your toe on a desk. Action potential You are a potassium ion. There is a new sodium ion hired to work in the axon. Your job is to describe to the sodium ion their job responsibilities in resting potential and action potential. Don’ t forget to tell them about Threshold charge differences in the membrane how the signal is communicated to the next neuron!
