Download EARTH`S LAYERS

EARTH’S LAYERS
EARTH’S LAYERS
Earth’s layers
core, mantle, crust
CORE
Core
center of earth; divided into outer core and
inner core
INNER CORE
Inner core
solid and innermost layer
● made of solid iron and nickel
● temperatures up to 5,000 C
● greatest amount of pressure of all
layers
● believed to be responsible for earth’s
magnetic field
● depth = 5150 km
OUTER CORE
Outer core
surrounds inner core
● 2nd layer of the core
● depth = 2,900 km
● thickness = 2,250 km
● made of liquid iron and nickel
● temperatures = 2,200 C in upper part
to almost 5,000 C near inner core
MANTLE
Mantle
second layer of the earth
● thickest of all layers
● temperature and pressure increase
with
depth; 870 C in upper mantle to 2200 C
in lower mantle
Plasticity
property which allows solid rock to flow
slowly; mantle has this property
CRUST
Crust
thin, outermost layer of earth (3rd layer)
● all life exists on or within a few hundred meters
above crust
● made of 3 types of solid rock:
igneous rock, metamorphic rock, sedimentary rock
2 types
continental crust – under continents (thicker)
oceanic crust – under oceans (thinner)
BY TEMPERATURE
COOLEST TO HOTTEST:
CRUST → MANTLE → OUTER CORE → INNER CORE
BY THICKNESS
THINNEST TO THICKEST:
CRUST → INNER CORE → OUTER CORE → MANTLE
LITHOSPHERE
Lithosphere:
solid, topmost part of the earth; 50 – 100 km thick and
broken up into large sections called lithospheric plates;
there are at least 7 major plates
ASTHENOSPHERE
Asthenosphere:
the layer directly beneath the
lithosphere; the upper edge of
the mantle; Made of hot molten
material, which has the property
of plasticity;
● lithospheric plates move on
the hot molten material that
forms the asthenosphere
MOHO
Moho
boundary between earth’s crust
and underlying mantle
Layers of the Earth Quiz
1. List the 4 main layers that make up the earth.
2. Explain how scientists get information about
the different layers of the earth if they can’t see
them.
3. How are the inner core and outer core
different?
4. Describe the most unusual physical property of
the mantle.
5. What are the two distinct parts of the Earth’s
crust? Explain the differences between these
two parts.
6. Order the layers of the Earth from the thickest
to the thinnest, include the name of the layer
and its thickness.