Download The Franks

The Franks
Notes p. 277-285
*please note all unlabeled graphics are
courtesy of Microsoft
I. Charles the Hammer
A.
After Clovis, Frankish kings were
weak; divided kingdom among
sons→they fought
B. Govt official “Mayor of the Palace”
–
–
–
Conducted wars
Gave out land
Settled disputes
C. Most powerful was Charles Martel; wanted
reunite all Frankish nobles
 “The Hammer” b/c of his strength in
battle
 In 732 led Battle of Tours (against the
Arabs & Berbers); Franks won; enabled
Christianity to survive
D. Pepin (his son) became Mayor and
removed the king & took over
–
1st Frankish leader to be anointed, or
blessed w/holy oil, by Pope
–
Pepin fought the Lombards & gave the
land of central Italy to Pope
Vatican City
•Smallest country in the world
•110 acres
•Has a population of
approximately 829 (all are
religious clergy or guards)
•Protected by the Swiss
Guard (aka Vatican Guard)
•Size comparison:
http://www.xefer.com/2010/12
/vatican-city
http://internationalagprograms.okstate.edu/studyabroad/Italy%20Study%20Abroad/Italy_Study_Abroad_Leon_Spicer.htm
II. Charlemagne
A. Pepin died in 768
B.
His son, Charles, became king;
known as Charlemagne (“Charles the
Great” in French).
C. Wanted to bring
all of western
Europe under
his rule
D. Defeated the
Lombards &
Saxons
E. Created a large
empire
http://encarta.msn.com/media_461527136/Charlemagne's_Empire_in_800.html
a. A Christian Empire
A. Charlemagne became the most powerful
leader in western Europe
B. Wanted close ties between the Church &
government
– Church official kept records & helped run
country; Charlemagne appointed bishops &
regarded any act against the church as being
disloyal to him
government
church
-Christmas day 800, Pope
declared Charlemagne as new
Roman Emperor and crowned him;
-Charlemagne was displeased→felt
right to rule came from God, not
the Pope.
C. Charlemagne was a
wise and just ruler
– Had counts take
care of local
problems, stop
feuds, protect the
poor, and raise
armies
D. Capital was
Aachen, but traveled
around
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_ZAn-ABmM9m4/ScwCKdD1MAI/AAAAAAAAFqM/c_sJg-ooMxM/s400/The+Count.bmp.jpg
b. Education
A. Most could not read or write
B. Charlemagne kept a slate next to his bed to
practice writing
C.
CHARLEMAGNE HAD A
SCHOLAR, ALCUIN, START A
SCHOOL
– STUDIED RELIGION, LATIN, MUSIC,
LITERATURE, AND ARITHMETIC
– TEACHERS DEVELOPED A NEW
FORM OF WRITING THAT USED
LOWERCASE LETTERS; took up less
space & easier to read
D. Arts flourished again
– Artists covered palace and church walls with
pictures from the Bible
c. Collapse of the Empire
A. Charlemagne died in 814
(he was 64…old age at the time & was ill with a fever)
B. Louis the Pious (his son) divided the land
among his three sons, who fought. They
divided western Europe into smaller
territories.