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olitical Power of the Priests •Sumer’s earliest __________________ were controlled by temple _____________ –Farmers believed they needed blessings conomy • Metal tools and weapons (bronze, iron) • Increasing agricultural surplus (better tools, plows, irrigation) for success of their crops • Increasing trade along rivers – traded with Egypt –Priests were the middle man for the • Development of the world’s first cities Gods Priests demanded portion of farmer crops as tax • Specialization of labor eligion •________________________: belief in many gods Sumerians in Mesopotamia believed in almost 3,000 gods!!! ziggurat •Gods could be _________________ at • Later followed _______________ rulers: when the power is ___________ down to ____________ ___________. Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved. any moment and to keep them happy Sumerians: –Built impressive ______________________ or temples to sacrifice food, wine and animals Souls of the dead wandered in the land of no return ocial ntellectual chievements eography Draw the social pyramid Science and Technology •Invented the _______________, the ___________, the ____________ •First to use ________________ to make tools •Developed system of writing = cuneiform: wedge shaped writing. Built ___________________________ ________, buildings, surveyed flooded fields. • Rigid (strict) class system where slavery was accepted Epic of Gilgamesh •Myths and legends recorded in this ___________ poem •One of the ________________ works of literature in the world Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved. The Fertile Crescent •Arc of land ________________ the ______________________ and the __________________________ ____________ in Southwest Asia One land…Two Rivers •Mesopotamia means = “_________________________ _________________” –_______________ River and __________________ River •Both rivers flooded once a year and left thick bed of silt. *___________: rich, new soil farmers could plant and harvest enormous quantities of wheat and barley