Download Star Study Guide Chapter 21 Test

Star Study Guide
Chapter 21 Test
Branches of Earth Science
Astronomy
The
study of planets,
stars, and other
objects in space.
Branches of Earth Science
Lithosphere
The
land masses of
earth
Branches of Earth Science
Hydrosphere
The
waters of the
earth
Branches of Earth Science
Atmosphere
The
envelope of
gases that surround
earth
Tools used to study stars:
Telescope
An
instrument that
makes distant objects
appear closer
Tools used to study stars:
Spectroscope
helps
astronomers
determine the
composition of stars by
creating a spectrum
What is a spectrum?
What is a constellation?
Best Known
Constellation
Ursa Major
(Big Bear)
Ursa Minor
(Little Bear)
What is part
of it
Big Dipper
Little Dipper
4 Ways to Classify Stars:
A.
Color &
Temperature
B. Size
C. Composition
D. Brightness
Color & Temperature
Hottest
Warm
Cool
Coolest
A. BLUE B. WHITE C.YELLOW D.RED
Size
Neutron~~12-15
km
White Dwarf~~ size of
Earth

Medium~~Size
(Most Stars)
of Sun
Size
Giant~~10-1000 x’s
the sun

Super
Giant~~over
1,000 x’s the sun
Brightness
Apparent
The
Brightness
brightness of a
star as it appears on
Earth.
Brightness
Absolute
The
Brightness
actual brightness
of a star (How much
light the star actually
gives off)
Why is the Sun the Brightest
Because
the sun is the
closest star to Earth
Closer
stars appear
brighter (apparent
magnitude)
3 factors that affect brightness
A.
Temperature
B.
Size
C.
Distance
Composition
(Chemical Make Up)
Composition of Percentage of
Stars
Element
Hydrogen
73% (MOST)
Helium
25% (2nd Most)
Other Elements 2%
Measuring distances to stars
How to Measure
PARALLAX: the
apparent change in
the position of a star
in the sky.
Measuring distances to stars
Unit used
Light-year:
The
distance that light
travels in one year.
H-R Diagram
What
is a graph that
shows the relationship
between absolute
brightness and surface
temperature of a star
main sequence
The
area in the H-R
diagram where the
most stars are located.
 Upper
corner
left to Lower right
Different Paths in
Life Cycle of a Star
The
MASS of a star
determines the life
cycle
Which star lives longer?
Low
mass stars live
longer because they
burn their fuel slower
Multi Star Systems

BINARY STARS
A
star system with 2
stars

2 STARS
Multi Star Systems
Star
Cluster
Large
Group of stars
Hundreds,
millions
thousands or
Multi Star Systems

Galaxy
A
huge collection of
stars bound together
by gravity
Billions
of Stars
Our Galaxy
Name of
our
Galaxy
MILKY WAY GALAXY
Shape of
our
galaxy
SPIRAL GALAXY
Standard Notation
four
hundred million
years
400,000,000