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What’s That Up In The Sky??? The difference between Comets, Meteors and Asteroids Resource: http://science.pppst.com/space/comets.html Comets………Dirty Balls of Ice They look like a star with a ghostly white tail. The term "comet" derives from the Greek aster kometes, which means "long-haired star"---a reference to the tail. http://comets.amsmeteors. org/educate/hbmovie.m pg Comets………Dirty Balls of Ice They can be seen by us only when they pass by the sun and the sun’s heat melts them. The comet's tail is made of material from the comet; gas from the ices and dust that is mixed in with the ice. They escape as the comet melts. The tail always points away from the sun due to the solar winds (movement of heat away from sun) Comets………Dirty Balls of Ice The icy, hard part of the comet is called the nucleus. As the comet melts, sometimes large chunks of ice break off in a hurry and large amounts of gases escape at once and cause a bright “outburst”. Asteroids……Rockin’ Around Asteroids are LARGE chunks of rock and metal that orbit the sun. They range from just over ½ a mile (1km) to a few hundred miles in diameter (diameter = how wide across) Asteroids……Rockin’ Around Most asteroids travel in the wide gap between the inner planets and outer planets (between Mars and Jupiter). But a few travel in paths across Mar’s orbit and some even cross in Earth’s orbit. Meteors…Shooting Stars or Space Garbage Meteors are also called shooting stars Meteors are small pieces of space debris (junk) pulled into Earth’s atmosphere by gravity. Meteorites are metallic rocks broken off from asteroids and comets Meteors fall to Earth at speeds from 22,000 MPH to 64,000 MPH (8x shuttle speed) You Can Buy Meteorshttp://www.alaska.net/%7Eme teor/SZH.htm Meteors…Shooting Stars or Space Garbage Most meteors are only as big as a grain of sand. Most burn up while entering Earth’s Atmosphere However……………… They can be bigger. Craters in the Earth and ones studied below the surface show that one about the size of a house landed about 250,000 years ago! Is that what killed the dinosaurs??? Meteors…Shooting Stars or Space Garbage Meteors are falling all the time. http://comets.amsmete ors.org/educate/vde mo2b.mpg On a clear, dark night you may see one. During the annual meteor storms, you may see 100 per hour. Meteors…Shooting Stars or Space Garbage How can something as small as a grain of sand light up so brightly? Entering the Earth’s atmosphere so fast creates a lot of friction. The friction causes them to heat up and give off light. The light trail may stay in the sky for up to 30 minutes and end with a “POP”. REALLY bright meteors are called FIREBALLS What’s That Up In The Sky??? COMETS Made of icehave tails Stay in space Orbit the sun ASTEROIDS METEORS Made of rock Made of rock and metal and metal Stay in space Fall into Earth’s atmosphere Orbit the sun Gravity pulls to Earth; they burn up as they fall Our Solar System Grade 5 Big Idea 5: Earth in Space and Time SC.5.E.5.1, SC.5.E.5.2, SC.5.E.5.3 Our solar system is located in a galaxy known as The Milky Way. p. 167 What is a Galaxy? A galaxy is a group of solar systems, dust, and gas held together by gravity. t What do we know about the Sun? Click on SC.3.E.5.2; SC.3.E.5 Sun - Size and Appearance The sun is the closest star to Earth. The sun is a big ball of hot gases. The sun gives off two kinds of energy: light and heat. This is called solar energy. All eight planets orbit, or revolve, around the sun. The sun is so large that more than a million Earths could fit inside it. What objects orbit the sun? pp. 169-170 Planets orbit the sun. What is a planet? A planet is a large ball of rock or gas that follows a path round the sun. What else orbits the sun? moons, drawf planets, comets, asteroids Solar System Review Inner Planets Outer Planets Let’s look again at the Movement of the Earth How else is the Earth moving? • It orbits or revolves around the Sun. 365 days = 1 year Department of Mathematics and Science Gr. 5 St. Resource pp. 181 -182 Phases of the Moon Department of Mathematics and Science Tides areTides the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of gravitational forces exerted by the Moon, Sun, and rotation of the