Download Chapter 30 Study Notes

Study Notes for
Chapter 30:
Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
Chapter 30 Section 1:
Characteristics of Stars
1

By analyzing the light that a star emits,
composition
astronomers can determine the __________
temperature of a star.
and __________
2

Scientists determine the composition and
spectra
temperature of stars by analyzing the ______
of the light that stars emit.
3

coolest stars are ____
red in color, the
The _______
blue
hottest stars are _____.
4

appear to move in the sky because
Stars _______
Earth is moving.
______
5

A star moving away from the Earth has a
red
spectrum that is shifted toward ______.
6

light travels in a
A light-year is the distance _____
year.
7

6,000 stars are visible from Earth
About ______
without a telescope.
8

________
Apparent magnitude is the brightness of a star
as it appears from Earth.
9

Absolute magnitude is the true brightness of
________
a star.
Chapter 30 Section 2:
Stellar Evolution
10

After its temperature rises to 10,000,000°C, a
protostar becomes a star when nuclear
_________
fusion begins.
11

During the main sequence stage, ________
hydrogen
helium to generate energy in a
fuses into _______
star’s core.
12

A star with the sun’s mass would stay on the
main sequence of the H-R diagram for about
_____
10 billion years.
13

A large, bright star whose hot core has used
giant
most of its hydrogen is a _____.
14

A small, hot, extremely dense core left after a
white dwarf.
star collapses is a _____
15

A white ______
dwarf is a hot, extremely dense core
collapses
of matter left after a star _________.
16

Many astronomers believe that black _______
dwarfs
do not exist.
Chapter 30 Section 3:
Star Groups
17

A galaxy is made of stars, dust, and gas bound
gravity
together by _______.
Chapter 30 Section 4:
The Big Bang Theory
18

red shift in
Hubble’s discovery that there was ____
the spectra of galaxies lead to an
expanding
understanding that the universe is _________.
19

Red shift in the spectra of galaxies told
Hubble that the universe is expanding.
________
20

14 billion
The ____
big bang occurred about ___
years ago.
21

Astronomers believe that cosmic background
radiation formed shortly after the big bang.
________
22

dark energy
Most of the universe is made of _____
matter
and dark _______.
THE END