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Chapter 21. Section 2. Characteristics of stars. Betelgeuse is as large as Saturn's orbit… Explain how stars are classified. • Stars are classified by color, temperature, size, composition, brightness and spectra. Describe how astronomers measure distances to stars. • Astronomers measure distance from a star with a parallax. A parallax is a apparent change in position of an object when you look at it from different places. This means that if you stick your thumb out and close one eye, it will be in a spot. Then close that eye and open the other eye and it will change positions. This is an example of a parallax. Describe the H-R diagram, and explain how astronomers use it. • Super giants, Giants, Main sequence, White dwarfs are parts of the main sequence. The reddish star mean that it is the coolest star. And the hottest star is the whitish bluish color. The brightest stars are at the top of the diagram and the dimmest stars are at the bottom. The stars that look the brightest is closest to the sun. It looks the hottest but it is not. For example white dwarfs are very hot but they don’t look it. Parallax Activity. H-R diagram Parallax This video is presented by • Drew • Jeremy • Josh People that Assisted in the project Tori Brock Tristan