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Transcript
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) • How do the appearances of stars A, B, and C in the photo at left compare? • What are some ways the stars in the photo could be grouped or classified? Chapter 29 “ Characteristics of Stars” • Objectives: • Describe how astronomers determine the composition & surface temperature of a star. • Explain why stars appear to move to an observer on the earth. • Name & describe the way astronomers measure the distance from the earth to the stars. • Explain the difference between absolute magnitude & apparent magnitude. Star Composition • All stars create light from Nuclear Fusion – Hydrogen + Hydrogen = Helium • Also may contain: – Carbon – Oxygen – Nitrogen – Calcium How do we know what’s in a star? 1 because of gravity 2 10,000,000 C 3 red supergiant 4 black holes 5 neutron star 6 red giant 7 planetary nebula 8 brown dwarf/black dwarf Motion of Stars 1- Apparent Motion – circumpolar 2- Actual Motion – Rotate on their axis – Revolve around another star – Move toward or away from the earth Omega Centauri PARALLAX Huge distances in space • Measured in parsecs (pc) • Parsec= 3.26 light years= 3.086 x 1013 km Stellar Magnitudes Depends on the stars brightness & its distance from space 2 scales can be used Apparent Magnitude: How it looks from Earth Sun Moon Venus Jupiter Saturn Sirius Absolute Magnitude: Also called luminosity How it would look if we were 10 parsecs away. “BeetleJuice” Rigel Spica Sirius Apparent Magnitude Absolute Magnitude
