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OVERVIEW OF IS BY CHANDRA S. AMARAVADI 1 DEFINITION OF IS A set of interrelated components working together to collect, processs, store and disseminate information to support decision making, co-ordination, control, analysis and visualization. A collection of computer systems to support information processing in organizations. 2 EVOLUTION/TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS 1950’s Transaction processing Reporting systems 1970’s Database management systems Decision support Office information systems 1990’s Enterprise information systems E-Commerce systems Knowledge Management systems 1980’s AI based systems Executive information systems Strategic information systems 3 THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS 4 TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS Transaction processing systems: process business transactions Reporting systems: summarize transaction information Database management systems: systems to manage information Decision support systems: support analysis of data to aid in d.m. Executive information systems: systems to support executive d.m. Office information systems: provide support to office workers AI & expert systems: use artificial intelligence to duplicate human activity (in organizations). Strategic systems:systems which support the strategy of the organization and improve competitive advantage. Enterprise information systems: systems which support all functional areas, from marketing to production. E-commerce systems: systems for browsing, ordering, payment etc. KM Systems: support organizational knowledge. 5 MAJOR TYPES OF IS Transaction Processing Systems (TP Systems) Enterprise Systems (ERP/MRP) E-commerce systems Decision Support Systems (DSS/MSS) Executive Support Systems (ESS/EIS) KM systems (not discussed) 6 TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS KIND OF SYSTEM GROUPS SERVED STRATEGIC LEVEL SENIOR MANAGERS MANAGEMENT LEVEL MIDDLE MANAGERS KNOWLEDGE LEVEL KNOWLEDGE & DATA WORKERS OPERATIONAL LEVEL SALES & MARKETING OPERATIONAL MANAGERS MANUFACTURING FINANCE ACCOUNTING HUMAN RESOURCES 7 TP, ERP & OIS SYSTEMS 8 TP SYSTEMS Process business transactions customers, suppliers, government Volumes are large Transactions are routine Most common IS systems 9 TYPICAL TP APPLICATIONS Payroll Order processing Accounts payable General ledger Asset management Invoicing Parts ordering 10 ERP SYSTEMS Integrated systems for the organization finance, accounting, HR etc. Also known as MRP Expensive and time consuming E.g. SAP, BAAN, JD Edwards E-commerce systems Systems that support the buying and selling of products. Systems that allow business transactions to take place using the Internet. Often are used to support virtual storefronts. Supports the gathering of demographic and sales information. OFFICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS Systems supporting office workers. EXAMPLES: Business software e.g. MS Word, MS Project Workflow Imaging Custom applications e.g. resume screening 13 MANAGEMENT SUPPORT SYSTEMS 14 MANAGEMENT SUPPORT SYSTEMS (MSS) Management Support Systems Reporting systems? Decision support systems (DSS) Executive support systems (ESS) Group decision support systems (GDSS) 15 DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS Aimed at management Support for structured/semi-structured decisions e.g. Capacity planning, vehicle routing, portfolio etc. Model based Generally PC Based Customizable interfaces 16 EXECUTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS (EIS/ESS) A.K.A ESS, Executive support systems Systems for executives Summarized information on firm Tend to be PC & workstation based Access to on-line databases “drill down,” status monitoring Some types provide capability for “soft models” Executive “dashboard” 17 KM Systems Support the Dissemination of information throughout the organization. Used as a tool to support knowledge mapping. Are connected to a company’s existing information system. Enhance knowledge sharing and creation. Include people, processes, and technology. Current systems can utilize modern technologies such as blogs and wikis to aid in the transfer of knowledge from one individual to another. 18 THE END!