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Chapter 3
Data Management: Data,
Databases and Warehousing
Information Technology For Management 6th Edition
Turban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe
Lecture Slides by L. Beaubien, Providence College
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Data Management
Difficulties with managing data
Solutions to managing data
Describe DBMS
Describe Data Warehousing and Analytical Processing
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The Traditional Approach To
Data Management
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Databases
 A database is an organized logical grouping of related
files.
 Centralized databases - all the related files are located in
one physical location
 Distributed database
 Replicated database
 Partitioned database
 Considerations
 Failure
 Access speed
 Maintaining consistency
 Security
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The Database Approach to
Data Management- Database Management Systems
(DBMS)
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Advantages of DBMS
Query ability (two types)
Concurrency
Backup and replication
Rule enforcement
Security
Computation
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DBMS (cont’d)
 DBMS provides the ability for many users to
share and process data by providing twoviews of
the database
Physical view
Logical view
 DBMS Languages
DDL
DML
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Data Life Cycle Process
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Transactional vs. Analytical Data
Processing
Transactional processing takes place in operational
systems (TPS) that provide the organization with the
capability to perform business transactions and produce
transaction reports. The data are organized mainly in a
hierarchical structure and are centrally processed. This is
done primarily for fast and efficient processing of routine,
repetitive data.

Supplementary activity to transaction processing is
called analytical processing, which involves the analysis
of accumulated data. Analytical processing, sometimes
referred to as business intelligence, includes data mining,
decision support systems (DSS), querying, and other
analysis activities. These analyses place strategic
information in the hands of decision makers to enhance
productivity and make better decisions, leading to greater
competitive advantage.

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Forms for Modeling Data (ERD)

Business Processes

Entities (for which data is collected)

Attributes (characteristics of an entity)

Relations
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Relational Models
Describe data using a standard tabular format
with all data elements placed in two-dimensional
tables.
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Hierarchy of Data
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The Hierarchy of Data
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Advantages of the Database Approach
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Data Modeling
Key Considerations
 Content – What data should be collected, and at
what cost?
 Access – What data should be provided to which
users and when?
 Logical structure – How should data be arranged
so it makes sense to a given user?
 Physical organization – Where should data be
physically located?
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Data Warehouse
 DW is a repository of data that are organized to be
readily acceptable for analytical processing activities
(DSS, querying, data mining)
 Organization
 Standardization of data
 Relational
 Delivery of DWH content to users on the intranet and
extranet (online banking)
 Not all data are necessarily transferred to data
warehouse
 Three tier vs two tier architecture
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The Data Warehouse & Data Management
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Web-based Data Management
Systems – content and information
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Data warehousing is most appropriate
when
Large amounts of data to be accessed
The operational data is stored i different
systems
Large number of users (AT&T)
Extensive end-user computing
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Datamarts
The high cost o DWH confines their use to
large companies
A datamart is a small warehouse designed
for a department
Two types
Dependent
Standalone
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