Download chap005b

BUSI 240
Introduction to Information Systems
Tuesday & Thursday 8:05am – 9:30am
Wyant Lecture Hall
Please sign the roster on the back table.
5-1
Current Events – What’s going on?
Smartphones weigh on mobile networks: study
HELSINKI (Reuters) - A smartphone generates much
less mobile data traffic than a laptop with a data card,
but phones impose a load on the network which is
much larger than anticipated, a study showed on
Wednesday.
A boom in mobile data traffic -- boosted by laptops and
smartphones -- is putting unprecedented stress on
wireless networks around the world.
Delivering the same amount of data, a smartphone
typically generates eight times the network signaling
load of a laptop with a data card,
5-2
Current Events – What’s going on?
Google to Sink Big Bucks in Massive Offshore
Wind Project
An ambitious proposal to build an offshore wind
installation in the Atlantic Ocean that would deliver
power to approximately 1.9 million households gained
considerable financial support yesterday, when Google
and Good Energies, a New York-based investment firm
that specializes in renewable energy…
http://www.reuters.com/article/idUS253507592420101012
5-3
Current Events – What’s going on?
Microfiber fabric makes its own electricity?
CHICAGO (Reuters) - U.S. scientists have developed a
microfiber fabric that generates its own electricity,
making enough current to recharge a cell phone or
ensure that a small MP3 music player never runs out of
power.
http://www.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idUSN1334900820080213?feedType=nl&feedName=ustechnology
6-4
Current Events – What’s going on?
Microfiber fabric makes its own electricity?
5-5
Current Events – What’s going on?
Microfiber fabric makes its own electricity?
5-6
Current Events – What’s going on?
HP unveils TouchPad tablet, two phones
Hewlett-Packard showed the fruits of its acquisition of Palm on
Wednesday.
The technology giant demonstrated a new tablet device and two new
smartphones, as well as disclosing plans to bring its webOS software to
computers and printers.
…. HP uses its own operating system, called webOS. HP highlighted
what it said were several advantages over the market-share-leading
iPad.
…the TouchPad pioneers new technology from Qualcomm, the silicon
chip manufacturing giant. The dual-core 1.2-gigahertz processor is
"screaming fast,"
HP executives also touted the software's ability to simultaneously run
multiple applications [Multi-tasking].
http://www.cnn.com/2011/TECH/mobile/02/09/hp.webos/index.html
6-7
Quiz 2
5-8
Assignment #2

Select a product to evaluate:








5-9
Digital camera
Cell phone
MP3 player
Car
Computer
Follow the steps on the spreadsheet to evaluate
three models of the product
Due February 23rd
Submit assignment via DropBox
Assignment #2
 Web
sites with product reviews:
 www.cnet.com
 www.consumerreports.org
 www.consumersearch.com
 www.epinions.com
 review.zdnet.com
 www.consumerreview.com
5-10
Extra Credit
 Extra
Credit, four (4) points, will be received for an
appropriate Current Events submission.
 The Current Event must be relevant to the class and
include the following:
 One
to two paragraphs summarizing the article
 One- to two sentences identifying why the article is
relevant to the class.
 If
the current event is relevant and used in class, you
will receive four (4) extra credit points.
 There is a maximum of five (5) Current Event
submissions.
5-11
Chapter
5b
Data Resource Management
Data Concepts
Database Management
Types of Databases
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data Resource Management
 Managerial
activity
 Applies IS technologies like data management and
data warehousing to manage data resources to meet
the information needs of business stakeholders
5-13
Types of databases
5-14
Operational Databases
 Store
detailed data to support business processes
 Examples, customer database, inventory database
5-15
Distributed Databases




5-16
Copies or parts of databases on servers at a variety of locations
Challenge: any data change in one location must be made in all
other locations
Replication:
 Look at each distributed database and find changes
 Apply changes to each distributed database
 Very complex
Duplication
 One database is master
 Duplicate that database after hours in all locations
 Easier
External Databases
 Databases
available for a fee from commercial online
services or
 For free from World Wide Web
 Examples, statistical databanks, bibliographic and
full text databases
5-17
Hypermedia Database
 Website
database
 Consists of hyperlinked pages of multimedia (text,
graphics, video clips, audio segments)
5-18
Data Warehouse
Stores data that has been extracted from the operational,
external and other databases
 Data has been cleaned, transformed and cataloged
 Used by managers and professionals for
 Data mining,
 Online analytical processing,
 Business analysis,
 Market research,
 Decision support
 Data mart is subset of warehouse for specific use of department
Note:

5-19
Data Warehouse
Source: Adapted courtesy of Hewlett-Packard.
5-20
Data Mining
Data in data warehouse are analyzed to reveal hidden patterns
and trends
Examples:
 Perform market-basket analysis to identify new business
processes
 Find root causes to quality problems
 Cross sell to existing customers
 Profile customers with more accuracy

5-21
Traditional File Processing
 Data
stored in independent files
 Problems:
 Data
redundancy
 Lack of data integration
 Data dependence – files, storage devices, and software
are dependent on each other
 Lack of data integrity or standardization
5-22
Traditional File Processing
5-23
Database Management Approach
 Consolidate
data into databases that can be accessed
by different programs
 Use a database management system (DBMS)
 DBMS serves as interface between users and
databases
5-24
Database Management Approach
5-25
DBMS Major Functions
5-26
Database Interrogation
 End
users use a DBMS by asking for information via
a query or a report generator
 Query language – immediate responses to ad hoc
data requests
 SQL
(Structured Query Language) an international
standard query language
 Graphical Queries -- Point-and-click methods
 Natural Queries – similar to conversational English
 Report
5-27
generator – quickly specify a report format for
information you want printed in a report
Note
Natural Language versus SQL
5-28
Graphical Query
Source: Courtesy of Microsoft Corp.
5-29
Database Maintenance
 Updating
database to reflect new business
transactions such as a new sale
 Done by transaction processing systems with support
of DBMS
5-30
Application Development
 Use
DBMS software development tools to develop
custom application programs
 Data Manipulation Language (DML)
5-31
Chapter
6a
Telecommunications and
Networks
Business value of networks
The Internet
Network components
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Network Concepts
 Network
 An
interconnected chain, group or system
 Number
(N-1)
 Where
of possible connections on a network is N *
N = number of nodes (points of connections on
the network)
 Example, if there are 10 computers on a network, there
are 10 * 9 = 90 possible connections
6-33
Metcalfe’s Law
 The
usefulness of a network equals the square of the
number of users
 On a small network, a change in technology affects
technology only
 On a large network like the Internet, a change in
technology affects social, political and economic
systems
6-34
Telecommunications
 Telecommunications
 Exchange
of information in any form (voice, data, text,
images, audio, video) over networks
6-35
Trends in Telecommunications
6-36
Open Systems




6-37
Information systems that use common standards for hardware,
software, applications and networks
Internet networking technologies are a common standard for
open systems
Connectivity:
 Ability of networked computers to easily access and
communicate with each other and share information
Interoperability:
 The ability of an open system to enable end user applications
to be accomplished using different varieties of computer
systems, software packages, and databases provided by a
variety of interconnected networks
Middleware
 Any
programming that serves to “glue together” two
separate programs
6-38
Digital Network Technologies
 Rapid
change from analog to digital network
technologies
 Analog: voice-oriented transmission, sound waves
 Digital: discrete pulse transmission
 Digital allows:
 Higher
transmission speed
 Larger amounts of information
 Greater economy
 Lower error rates
 Multiple forms of communications on same circuit
6-39
Internet2
 Next
generation of the Internet
 High-performance network
 In use at 200 universities, scientific institutions,
communications corporations
6-40
Business Value of
Telecommunication Networks
6-41
The Internet
 Over
46 million servers (2004)
 710 – 945 million users (2004)
 No central computer system
 No governing body
 No one owns it
6-42
Internet Service Provider
 ISP
A
company that specializes in providing easy access to
the Internet
 For a monthly fee, you get software, user name,
password and access
 ISPs
are connect to one another through network
access points
6-43
Popular uses of the Internet
6-44
Using the Internet for business
6-45
Business value of the Internet
6-46
An Intranet
A
network inside an organization
 That
uses Internet technologies (such as Web browsers
and servers, TCP/IP protocols, HTML, etc.)
 To provide an Internet-like environment within the
organization
 For information sharing, communications,
collaboration and support of business processes
 Protected by security measures
 Can be accessed by authorized users through the
Internet
6-47
Enterprise Information Portal
6-48
Extranet
 Network
 To
links that use Internet technologies
connect the Intranet of a business
 With the Intranets of its customers, suppliers or other
business partners
6-49
Extranet Uses
6-50