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1 Introduction to Information Systems Essentials for the Internetworked E-Business Enterprise Eleventh Edition James A. O’Brien Chapter 5 Data Resource Management Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 2 Chapter Objectives • Explain the importance of implementing data resource management processes and technologies in an organization. • Outline the advantages of a database management approach to managing the data resources of a business. • Explain how database management software helps business professionals and supports the operations and management of a business. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 3 Chapter Objectives • Provide examples to illustrate each of the following concepts: – – – – – – Major types of databases Data warehouses and data mining Logical data elements Fundamental database structures Database access methods Database development. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Eleventh Edition Introduction to Information Systems 4 Logical Data Elements Personnel Database Employee Record 1 Name Data Payroll File Benefits File Employee Record 2 Employee Record 3 SS Salary Name Data Irwin/McGraw-Hill Data Data SS Salary Name Data Data Data Employee Record 4 SS Salary Name Data Data Data SS Salary Data Data Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 5 Database Management Systems Operating System Database Management •Database Development •Database Interrogation •Database Maintenance •Application Development Irwin/McGraw-Hill Database Management System Application Programs Databases Data Dictionary Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 6 Major Types of Databases External Databases on the Internet & Online Services Distributed Databases on Intranets & Other Networks Client PC or NC End User Databases Irwin/McGraw-Hill Network Server Operational Databases of the Organization Data Warehouse Data Mart Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 7 Data Warehouse and Data Mining Operational Databases Data Acquisition Subsystem Warehouse Design Subsystem Irwin/McGraw-Hill Data Management Subsystem Metadata Management Subsystem Analytical Data Store Enterprise Warehouse Data Mart Metadata Directory Metadata Repository Client PC or NC Data Access and Delivery Subsystem Web Information System Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 8 Web-Based Systems The Internet Intranets Extranets Network Server Web Browser Web Server Software Client PCs or NCs Irwin/McGraw-Hill Web Objects HTML pages GIF image files Video files Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 9 Data Resource Management Data Administration Data Planning Database Administration Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Eleventh Edition Introduction to Information Systems 10 Database Structures Network Structure Hierarchical Structure Dept A Dept Project A Employee 1 Project B Employee 2 Employee 1 Dept B Employee 2 Project A Employee 3 Project B Relational Structure Dept Dname Dloc Dmgr Empno Ename Etitle Dept A 1 A B 2 B C 3 C Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Eleventh Edition Introduction to Information Systems 11 Database Structures (cont) Bank Account Object Attributes •Customer •Balance Denver West Feb East Actual Operations •Deposit •Withdraw Budget Sales TV VCR Margin TV VCR Multidimensional Database Structure Irwin/McGraw-Hill Checking Account Savings Account Object Object Attributes Attributes •Credit Line •Mthly Statement •Credit Line •Mthly Statement Operations Operations •Calculate Interest •Print Mthly Statement •Calculate Interest •Print Mthly Statement Object-Oriented Database Structure Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 12 Accessing Files and Databases Key Transformation Sequential Organization Key Fields URLs Indexed Sequential Access Method Sequential Access Direct Access Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 13 Database Development 1. Data Planning Physical Models Enterprise Model 5. Physical Design 2. Requirements Specifications Logical Models User Needs Description 4. Logical Design 3. Conceptual Design Data Models Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 14 Chapter Summary • Data resource management is a critical management activity. Management roles include database administration, data planning, and data administration. • Under the database management approach, data records are consolidated into databases that can be accessed by many different application programs, serving multiple users. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 15 Chapter Summary (cont) • Database management systems are software packages that simplify the creation, use, and maintenance of databases. • Several types of databases are used by organizations including operational, distributed, external, data warehouses and data marts. • Database development for large corporate databases requires a top-down planning effort involving planning, requirements specification and logical and physical design. Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.