Download Space Time Telescopes

Space Time Telescopes
Space Time Telescopes
SCIENTIST presentation
Place/Date/Time
http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/
Space Time Telescopes
The Big Picture: Einstein Ideas
The work of Einstein and others predicts a
fantastic and unbelievable cosmos:
•An expanding universe
arising from a Big Bang.
•Objects of extreme gravity
called black holes.
•The fabric of space & time intricately
linked, warping
and twisting.
Revolutionary and innovative NASA
spacecraft are exploring the limits of space
and time, unlocking the deep secrets of
our universe.
http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/
Space Time Telescopes
Telescopes in Space: Location, Location, Location
The Hubble Space Telescope is located just above the distorting effects
of the Earth’s atmosphere, making this school bus-sized telescope
uniquely capable of observing the universe in exquisite detail.
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Space Time Telescopes
They Clearly See the Past…
The James Webb Space Telescope will continue Hubble’s legacy with more
light collecting capability in a less massive package, resolving the mysteries of
our universe from above the confines of Earth!
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Space Time Telescopes
Cosmic Time Machines…
The further into space we observe, the further back in time we see.
Observers become time travelers through the universe.
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Space Time Telescopes
Once Upon a Time…
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe uses microwave light to study
what the universe looked like before the days of stars or galaxies.
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Space Time Telescopes
Taking the Temperature Here On Earth…
A color-coded temperature map of the Earth’s surface: red is hot, blue is cold.
Temperatures range between +37° and -63° Celsius, a 100 degree difference.
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe studies the early
universe by measuring the energy left over from the hot Big Bang.
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Space Time Telescopes
Looking Out at the Night Sky
The visible night sky shows the Milky Way spanning across the heavens,
where stars, gas and dust are seen in our galaxy.
The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe viewed our heavens in a different light, microwave
light from the earliest of times.
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Space Time Telescopes
Taking the Temperature of the Infant Universe…
A temperature map of the night sky, seen in microwave light
Temperatures range from -270.4248° to -270.4252° Celsius.
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe measured the afterglow of
the Big Bang to a precision of better than 1/10,000 of a degree!
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Space Time Telescopes
Cosmic Fireworks: X-Rays from Space
The Chandra X-Ray Observatory observes some of the most energetic
objects in our universe, from high above our Earth’s protective atmosphere.
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Space Time Telescopes
Just Skimming the Surface…
High energy x-rays must skip off the shiny mirror surface at shallow angles
to be observed, much different than how optical light telescopes work.
Collecting x-rays is like skipping stones on a pond!
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Space Time Telescopes
The Crab Nebula: The Aftermath of a Supernova
The Crab Nebula is all that remains of a once-bright star.
The white box on the left shows the area covered by the image on the right.
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Space Time Telescopes
Visible Light View of an Interesting Galaxy
A visible light image of Centaurus A, an interesting galaxy
observed with a wide lane of dust across its center.
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Space Time Telescopes
X-rays Reveal the Real Action!
A high-energy jet blasts outward from the galaxy’s center,
evidence for a powerful black hole with the mass of one billion Suns!
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Space Time Telescopes
The Whole Picture…
The Chandra X-Ray Observatory and the future, more capable Constellation-X
mission, with four identical X-ray telescopes working as one, will continue
to explore the limits of space and time in the hot, turbulent universe.
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Space Time Telescopes
First to Burst onto the Scene!
The Swift Gamma Ray Burst Explorer observes powerful, energetic
and exotic objects in our universe.
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Space Time Telescopes
Shadow Play…
Because gamma rays cannot be focused, Swift uses a unique technique that pinpoints the
location of a gamma-ray burst by the shadow cast on an array of detectors.
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Space Time Telescopes
Black Hole Birth Announcement…
See real time detection of gamma-ray bursts at:
http://grb.sonoma.edu/
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Space Time Telescopes
Let’s Twist Again (Like We Did Last Orbit)
Gravity Probe-B will answer one of the great remaining mysteries of gravity:
The twisting of space and time
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Space Time Telescopes
Can We Directly Measure Distortions in Space-Time?
Yes we can!
Spinning gyroscopes in orbit measure how
Earth’s mass distorts local space and time.
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Space Time Telescopes
The Little Gyroscopes That Could…
The Gravity Probe-B spacecraft will precisely measure the tiniest changes of its
near perfect gyroscopes in Earth’s distorted space and time.
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Space Time Telescopes
Ripples through Space and Time…
This animation is available for download at:
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2002/0192/
and a Merger”)
animations.htmlQuickTime™
(“Black Hole
YUV420 codec decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Movie must be saved to the same folder as
this Power Point to run.
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) gravity wave observatory will detect
gravitational waves that originate from powerful yet invisible objects.
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Space Time Telescopes
Where Do Gravitational Waves Come From?
LISA “dances about” as gravitational waves pass through the surrounding space.
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Space Time Telescopes
Measure Rippling Space-Time? Incredibly Possible!
Three individual craft each separated by 5 million kilometers will measure
changes to tiny 4cm cubes to a precision of the width of an atom!
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Space Time Telescopes
New Wave Astronomy…
Gravitational wave astronomy is a whole new way to explore the cosmos, venturing
beyond the limits of traditional astronomy.
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Space Time Telescopes
NASA goes Beyond Einstein
[Insert your own mission here.]
(Images available on Slide 28)
At the limits of space and time…
…we discover new ways to explore!
Explore for yourself
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Space Time Telescopes
Credits
Einstein composite: NASA/GSFC, Exploration of the
Universe Division
HST & HUDF images: NASA and STScI
JWST image: Northrop Grumman Space Technology, ESA
Science & Technology Group
WR124: Y. Grosdidier (U. Montreal), et al, NASA/STScI
Swift images: NASA & NASA E/PO, Sonoma State
University, Aurore Simonnet
Swift mask images: NASA/GSFC/B.J.Mattson & C. Gunn
WMAP images/illustrations: NASA/WMAP Science Team
Swift GRB real-time sky map: NASA and NASA E/PO,
Sonoma State University
Optical image of Milky Way: © Axel Mellinger
Abell 2218: NASA, A.Fruchter et al, and STScI
Chandra spacecraft & optics images: NASA/CXC/SAO
Gravity Probe B images: GP-B, Stanford University
Crab Nebula optical: © Walter Nowotny (U. Wien, NOT)
Merging black holes : NASA/CXC/A.Hobart & J. Barnes
(U of Hawaii)/John Hibbard (NRAO)
Crab Nebula x-ray: NASACXC/ASU/J.Hester et al
Centaurus A optical: European Southern Observatory
Centaurus A x-ray : NASA/SAO/R.Kraft et al
Centaurus A composite: NASA/CXC/M. Karovska et al.;
NRAO/VLA/J.Van Gorkom/Schminovich et al;
NRAO/VLA/J.Condon et al.); Digitized Sky Survey U.K.
Schmidt Image/STScI
Constellation-X image: NASA/GSFC
LISA spacecraft , images & illustrations: JPL/Caltech
Gravity wave & Einstein animations: LIGO Laboratory,
Caltech & NSF
ALBERT EINSTEIN and related rights ™/© of The
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, used under license.
Represented by the Roger Richman Agency, Inc.,
www.albert-einstein.net
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Space Time Telescopes
Alternative Watermarks for Slide 26
(Transparency is 75%)
http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/