Download Vitamins and minerals that do not occur naturally are added to them

Water
Water is most abundant nutrient found in every
cell, around the cell, in body fluids, and body
cavities.
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Water carries other dissolved nutrients
around the body and assists in all their
functions.
Water also aids in digesting food, removing
wastes, regulating body temp, and
cushioning vital organs.
Dehydration – not enough water in body
tissues
Muscle cramps  Death
We lose 2-3 quarts of water a day
We need 2-3 quarts of water a day (6-8
glasses)
Physical activity can cause more
Amount of body weight that is water
 Females- 50%
 Males- 55%
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Water Intoxication- Disturbance of brain
functions that results when the normal
balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed
outside of the safe limit.
Vitamins
-Vitamins are not digested by the body.
-They are absorbed by the body’s tissues
-- Helps build bone and tissue
- Helps change carbs and fat into energy
-Vitamins do not provide energy to the body
-Needed in small amounts for life and growth
and the prevention of diseases
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-They work with carbs, proteins, and fat to
promote growth and regulate body processes
Deficiency- having too little of a necessary
substance
Fat Soluble Vitamins- dissolve in fat and are
stored in the body. Found in oils, green
vegetables, milk, eggs
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Water Soluble Vitamins- do not stay in the
body long. Are not stored in the body and
must be eaten more often. Found in fruits
and vegetables
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Enriched Foods- Having had vitamins and
minerals that were lost in the processing
restored to them.
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Fortified Foods- Vitamins and minerals that
do not occur naturally are added to them.
Minerals
Minerals are non living chemical substances
that comes from the soil.
Plants store minerals in their stems and leaves
Animals get minerals when they eat plants
The human body does not make minerals on
its own- we need to get them from the foods
we eat.
2 groups
Major Minerals- 250 milligrams of each every
day
-Calcium
-Magnesium
-Phosphorus
-Sodium
- Potassium
-Chloride
-Sulfur
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Trace Minerals- Do not need nearly as much
as major- but they are just as important as
major
Iron
Zinc
Copper
Iodine
Fluoride
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Osteoporosis- too little Calcium
Hypertension- too much Sodium
Anemia- too little Iron
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Electrolytes-Sodium/Potassium which
regulate water balance
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Calorie- a measure of the energy content of
food.
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Hyperglycemia- blood sugar too high
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Hypoglycemia- blood sugar too low
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Ephedra- substance that increases
metabolism. It is banned in US