Download Preventing Cancer with Healthy Life Styles

Preventing Cancer with
Healthy Life Styles
Li-Fen L. Chang, M.D., Ph.D.
Radiation Oncology
SOMC Cancer Center
Estimated US Cancer Cases*
Women
678,060
Breast
13%
12%
Lung and bronchus
10%
11%
Colon and rectum
6%
Uterine corpus
4%
Non-Hodgkin
lymphoma
4%
Melanoma
of skin
3%
Ovary
3%
Thyroid
2%
Urinary bladder
2%
Pancreas
21%
All Other Sites
33%
Lung and bronchus
Colon and rectum
Urinary bladder
7%
Melanoma of skin
5%
Non-Hodgkin
lymphoma
4%
Kidney
3%
Leukemia
3%
Oral Cavity
3%
Pancreas
2%
All Other Sites
Men
766,860
32%
Prostate
17%
*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except urinary bladder.
Source: American Cancer Society.
Estimated US Cancer Deaths*
Lung and bronchus 31%
Men
Women
289,550 270,100
27%
Lung and bronchus
10%
15%
Breast
Colon and rectum 10%
10%
Colon and rectum
Pancreas
5%

6% Ovary
Leukemia
4%

6% Pancreas
Esophagus
4%

4% Leukemia
Liver and intrahepatic3%
bile duct

3% Non-Hodgkin
lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin
Lymphoma
3%

3% Uterine corpus

2% Multiple myeloma
Urinary bladder
3%

2% Brain/ONS
Kidney
3%
All other sites
24%
Prostate
ONS=Other nervous system.
Source: American Cancer Society,
22%
All other sites
Cancer Facts
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African Americans are more likely to die of
cancer than people of any other racial or
ethnic group.
The number of new cancer cases and cancer
death rates for MEN are highest among
African Americans.
Cancer death rates for WOMEN are highest
among African Americans.
Among MEN and Women, the number of new
cases of lung cancer is more than 2 times
higher among African Americans than among
Asian/Pacific Islanders.
*Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Statistics (to continue)
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In 2004, African American men were 1.4 times
as likely to have new cases of lung and
prostate cancer, as compared to nonHispanic white men.
African American men were almost twice as
likely to have new cases of stomach cancer
as non-Hispanic white men.
African Americans men had lower 5-year
cancer survival rates for lung and pancreatic
cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white
men.
The Office of Minor Health, US Department of Health & Human Services
Statistics (continue)
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In 2005, African American men were 2.4 times as
likely to die from prostate cancer, as compared to
non-Hispanic white men.
In 2005, African American women were 10% less
likely to have been diagnosed with breast cancer,
however, they were 34% more likely to die from
breast cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white
women.
African American women are twice as likely to have
been diagnosed with stomach cancer, and they are
2.4 times as likely to die from stomach cancer, as
compared to non-Hispanic white women.
Cancer Prevention
Do not using tobacco
products: tobacco causes
cancer of many sites!
Lung
Throat
Mouth
Nasopharyngeal
Esophagus
Stomach
Bladder
Pancreas
Liver
Cervix
Acute
myeloid leukemia
Cancer Prevention
Choosing foods with less fat
and eating more vegetables,
fruits, and whole grains:
Obesity is associated with
colon,
breast,
endometrial,
Ovarian,
and possibly other cancers.
Cancer Prevention
Avoiding excessive
alcohol drinking:
Excessive alcohol
consumption is
associated with
increased risk of
oral,
esophageal,
breast,
and other cancers.
Cancer Prevention
Exercising regularly
and maintaining a
lean weight: Physical
inactivity is associated
with increased risk of
colon,
breast,
Gynecologic,
and possibly other
cancers.
Cancer Prevention
Avoiding the harmful
rays of the sun, using
sunscreen, and
wearing clothing that
protects the skin: skin
cancer.
Fair skinned,
lots of moles,
relative has had melanoma
or other skin cancer
common signs and symptoms of
cancer
new mole or an obvious
change in the
appearance of an
existing wart or mole
common signs and symptoms of
cancer

a sore that does not
heal
Cancer Prevention
Avoiding exposure to
ionizing radiation and
ultraviolet radiation, certain
occupational and chemical
exposures: radon,
asbestos (mesothelioma),
chemical dye (bladder
cancer)
Cancer Prevention
Avoid infectious agents: human
papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis
B and C (HepB and HepC), and
human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV), increase the risk of
some types of cancer:
Cervical cancer,
oral cancer,
lymphoma,
liver cancer
Kaposis Sarcoma
common signs and symptoms of
cancer
new thickening or lump
in the breast or any
other part of the body
Monthly self breast
exam
Clinical breast exam
Self testicular exam
common signs and symptoms of
head and neck, lung cancer
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Nagging cough or
hoarseness
Unhealing mouth sore
Persistent sore throat
Nose bleed
Chest pain
Cough up blood
Short of breath
common signs and symptoms of
GI or GU cancer
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changes in bowel or
bladder habits
Tarry stool
Fresh blood in stool
or urine
Lost of bowel or
bladder control
Urination problem
common signs and symptoms of
cancer
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persistent indigestion
or difficulty
swallowing
“bloating” feeling
New lump or nodules
Night sweat
common signs and symptoms of
cancer
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unexplained changes
in weight
Lost appetite
common signs and symptoms of
cancer

unusual bleeding or
discharge
Why is cancer screening
important?
Treatment is often more effective when cancer is
detected early. Screening exams, such as
Sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy or the fecal occult
blood test,
mammography,
Pap test,
PSA
can detect precancerous conditions, which can be
treated before they turn into invasive cancer.
SOMC Cancer Screening
Breast Cancer
 Prostate Cancer
 Skin Cancer
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Lung for life
Conclusion: Live long and be
joyous
The most effective treatment and prevention for many illness is
life style change.
Don’t smoke,
eat healthy,
exercise,
weight control,
modesty for alcohol,
less sun exposure,
avoid harmful ray/chemical,
avoid STD,
consider HPV vaccine