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Electric Motors Electric Circuits An electric circuit is an electrical path that begins at a power source and ends up back at the power source. The component that is being powered by the source is called the load. If the circuit isn’t complete, electrons will stop flowing, which will turn off the electricity. Direct Current (DC) In a DC circuit, electrons flow in one direction from the negative terminal to the positive terminal. Alternating Current (AC) The electrons that flow in an AC circuit alternate. (In other words they go back and forth) Conductors & Insulators Conductor - A material whose atoms easily give up their outer electrons, letting an electrical current flow easily through the material Insulator - A material whose atoms hold their outer electrons tightly, resisting the flow of electrical current through the material Electricity and Magnetism Electricity flowing through a wire creates a magnetic field around the wire. Electricity and Magnetism A coil of wire that has an electric current passed through it becomes an electromagnet. By having more coils (wraps) you increase the magnetic field. What do we know about magnets? Opposite poles attract and like poles repel. Inside an electric motor these attracting and repelling forces create rotary motion. Motors in your kitchen… The fan over the stove and in the microwave oven The disposal under the sink The blender The can opener The refrigerator - Two or three in fact: one for the compressor, one for the fan inside the refrigerator, as well as one in the icemaker The mixer The tape player in the answering machine Probably even the clock on the oven http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor.htm Motors in your basement or garage … The The The The The The The washer dryer electric screwdriver vacuum cleaner (Dustbuster or Shop Vac) electric saw electric drill furnace blower http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor.htm Motors in your bathroom… The The The The fan electric toothbrush hair dryer electric razor http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor.htm Motors in your car…. Power windows (a motor in each window) Power seats (up to seven motors per seat) Fans for the heater and the radiator Windshield wipers The starter motor Electric radio antennas http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor.htm Other places too! Several in the VCR and DVD player Several in a CD player or tape deck Many in a computer (each disk drive has two or three, plus there's a fan or two) Most toys that move have at least one motor (including Tickle-me-Elmo for its vibrations) Electric clocks The garage door opener Aquarium pumps http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor.htm HOMEWORK Armed with your new knowledge of electrical motors and the experience of building one, you are going to use your motor to teach someone else how it works. Your lesson can be given to any adult and must be completed _________ ___________. Your “student” needs to fill out the brief description of your lesson on the sheet provided.