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Equipment: IP Networking Tech Gear 2:30pm – 3:30pm Presenter: Jeff Hartman What we are covering today… • • • • Components of a Network Configuring Network Settings Useful Tools for Troubleshooting Effectively Communicating with IT People Public vs. Private Connections • Public is directly connected to the internet. – WAN or Wide Area Network. The internet is a WAN • Private is indirectly connected to the internet if connected at all. – LAN or Local Area Network. Your home or office network • These are not to be confused for the Public and Private Wireless Networks, which are both Private Connections. Wired vs. Wireless • Wired uses copper or fiber cables to connect devices e.g. Ethernet CAT 5/6 cables, RJ45 (8P8C) connectors, single mode or multimode fiber with various connectors like LC, SC, ST, etc… • Wireless uses radio frequencies e.g. Wi-Fi, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac The IP Network • MAC Address – Unique identifier like DNA for each network device. e.g. 40E230FC439F, 40-E2-30-FC-43-9F, 40:E2:30:FC:43:9F The Human Network Components of a Network • Client – user of the network e.g. Computer, tablet, smartphone, printer A Simple network could consist of just 2 computers connected via a crossover cable. Components of a Network • Network Switch – Has a number of ports to attach devices to – Passes data from one device to another Components of a Network • Wireless Access Point – A device that connects clients to the network without wires – Usually connects to a Network Switch with a wire Components of a Network • Router or Gateway – Sends network traffic from one network to another e.g. Visiting a webpage, Router sends church LAN computer request to a specific webpage on the internet. Components of a Network • Firewall – Blocks or Allows traffic from the internet to enter a LAN. Components of a Network • Servers – DHCP – Hands out Network settings to devices – Mail – sends and receives email – File – Stores and retrieves files – DNS – a directory that matches domain names to IP addresses Components of a Network • Tech Devices – Anything other that a computer that connects to a network. e.g. video switchers, audio consoles, projectors Configuring Network Settings • IP Address – Unique on a given network – Assigned to each device on the network – Looks like 192.168.1.50 or 10.10.10.10 Configuring Network Settings • Subnet Mask Address – Divides IP address (192.168.1.50) into 2 numbers, eg. Network ID (192.168.1) and Host ID (50) – Tells devices which numbers to care about – Same for every device on a network – Always starts with 255 – Looks like 255.255.255.0 or 255.255.248.0 Configuring Network Settings • Router/Gateway Address – The IP address of the router on your network – Allows your device to leave your LAN – Same for each device on your LAN – Looks like 192.168.1.1 or 10.0.1.1 Configuring Network Settings • DNS (Domain Name Server) – The IP address of the DNS you want to use – Like a phone book for websites – Usually the same for each device on your LAN – Looks like 8.8.8.8 or 8.8.4.4 Configuring Network Settings • DHCP – The ‘Easy’ button for network settings – Configures your network settings for you Useful Tools for Troubleshooting • Laptop – Can check cables, switch ports, and vlans – Can use ipconfig to check settings – Can ping other devices – Can traceroute to a device Useful Tools for Troubleshooting • Crossover Cable – For connecting one device directly to another without a switch – Useful for initial configurations Useful Tools for Troubleshooting • Long Data Cable – Physically move a piece of gear further away – Connect to a different switch – Use your laptop to configure a piece of gear closer to it, eg. projector Useful Tools for Troubleshooting • Software Scanner App – Scans a network to see what IP addresses are in use, what mac addresses are associated with what IP address and more – Pings a range of IP addresses – Use on smartphone, tablet, or laptop – I use iNet but there are other good ones too Useful Tools for Troubleshooting • Fluke Intellitone 250 – Sniffer for tracing a data cable – Wiremapper for testing ethernet pinouts Useful Tools for Troubleshooting • Fluke Linkrunner AT 2000 – Can also wiremap and sniff – Can trace a cable back to a specific switch and port and vlan – Verifies network speed 10/100/1000 Useful Tools for Troubleshooting • Prayer – God knows the answer Effectively Communicating with IT people • Know what you need before you ask – Troubleshoot, reboot, check for air gaps and for goodness sake ping something – IT personnel are either busy or expensive Effectively Communicating with IT people • Communicate specifically what you need them to do • Communicate the significance of what you are doing • Communicate a deadline • Be nice Questions?