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5G Vision and Key Access and Networking Technologies Huawei Technologies, Canada Ltd. Contact: [email protected] WINLAB Fall 2015 Conference Dec. 03-04, 2015 NJ, USA Huawei proprietary Global Talents Focusing on 5G Research 500+ 5G Experts 9 5G Research Centers Stockholm, Sweden •System Architecture •Algorithms Stockholm Paris, France •Standardization Ottawa New Jersey Paris Munich Moscow Shanghai Chengdu Munich, Germany Moscow, Russia •Verticals •Fundamental Algorithms New Jersey, USA Ottawa, Canada Shenzhen •5G Transmission •5G Radio •Network Architecture 5G Research Centers in China •Shen zhen •Shang hai •Cheng du Contents 5G Vision Air Interface technologies for 5G Networking Technologies for 5G Current 5G related standard activities Huawei proprietary Page 3 5G Vision Huawei proprietary Page 4 Today's Long Tail, Tomorrow's Dominant Field 5G will enable new applications, new business models, and even new industries Traffic /Revenue Video 10Gbps Web 1ms Throughput Voice Vehicular Telematics Latency 1Million Connections/km2 Massive IoT AR/VR MirrorSys High Speed Railway Teleoperation …… Use Cases Body Huawei proprietary Today's Long Tail Page 5 Diversified Challenges and Gaps to Reach 5G 5G Latency Throughput Connections Mobility Network Architecture 1 ms 10Gbps 1,000K Per Connection Connections Per km2 500km/h Slicing High-speed Railway Ability Required 100x 1.5x NFV/SDN 10K 350Km/h Inflexible E2E Latency GAP 30~50x LTE 30~50ms 100x 100Mbps Huawei proprietary Page 6 5G Will Carry Many Industries and Benefit Stakeholders Empower Internet of Things Enhance Mobile Internet Customers (Verticals es & Other Network Providers ) 7 • Easy access to the common infrastructure of 5G • Real-time, on-demand service Network Providers • Easy deployment & maintenance • Flexibility for multiple industries (SLICING) Infrastructure Providers • Combine infrastructure to form one infrastructure for network providers End User groups • Ubiquitous consistent experience • New services 5G Innovations Will be Applied to 4G to Leverage 4G Investment 2014 … R12 2015 2016 R13 R14 5G innovations will be applied to 4G 2017 R15 5G 2018 2019 R16 … Revolution 4G will simulate the emergence of new applications for 5G 4 G 4.5G Evolution Huawei proprietary Page 8 Key Concerns for Reaching 5G Spectrum Aggregate All Available Bands New Network Architecture One Physical Network Multiple Industries Huawei proprietary New Air Interface Flexibility & Spectrum Efficiency Page 9 5G Will Aggregate Sub 6GHz and the Bands >6GHz WRC15 WRC19 Requirement >500MHz 45GHz available for future Cellular Access and Self-Backhaul for IMT-2020 Visible Light Cellular Bands 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 GHz 5G Primary bands 5G Complementary Bands for Capacity, 45GHz available Huawei proprietary Page 10 Access Technologies Huawei proprietary Page 11 5G: A Single UAI targeting Diverse Requirements UAI (Unified Air Interface) to meet the diverse requirements Diverse Applications Voice Web Video Verticals…… Diverse Adoption Diverse QoE Data Rate Latency Connections Huawei proprietary Battery Life Outdoor/ indoor Wide/Deep coverage Low/High band Wide/Narrow Bandwidth Page 12 New Air Interface Full Duplex Mobile Internet Massive MIMO Internet of Things Adaptive Air Interface SCMA Polar Code F-OFDM SCMA: Sparse Code Multiple Access F-OFDM: Filtered OFDM One air interface fits many applications with high flexibility, at least a 3xHuawei spectrum efficiency improvement proprietary Page 13 UCNC - UE Centric No Cell Radio Access Cell centric cellular to UE centric no cell C-RAN based UE centric TP Optimization Abstraction of the UE radio access with virtualized the cell concept to enable RAN slicing by Decoupling the UE from physical cell-site Decoupling DL/UL Decoupling Control/Data Decouple physical topology with services Huawei proprietary D2D enabled UE Cooperation New UE and network transmit node association mechanism enabled by “Hyper cell ID” and “Dedicated UE connection ID” CRAN and D2D enabled UE centric transmission point (TP) cooperation and device cooperation to eliminate “cell edge” New UE states support massive connected devices with low signaling overhead and energy consumption Seamless mobility transparent to UE with simplified procedural and reduced latency Page 14 Potential Technologies to Meet ITU Requirements New waveform e.g. f-OFDM Wider Bandwidth Adaptive frame structure Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access, e.g. SCMA UCNC Massive MIMO Polar Code Grant-free multiple access Narrow band SCMA Asynchronous (TA-free) Transmit UE dedicated connection ID Polar Code for small packet eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband Future IMT Shorter TTI SCMA based grant-free Tx Fast system re-entry scheme ACK/NACK less re-transmission UE cooperation diversity New data notification methods Polar Code mMTC uMTC Massive Machine Type Communications Ultra-reliable and Low-latency Communications Huawei proprietary Page 15 Networking Technologies Huawei proprietary Page 16 Challenges for 3G/4G Wireless Networks 5G 3G/4G 1. Infinite types of services/applications with huge disparate QoE/QoS requirements are emerging 1. One-fit-all user plane architecture not optimal 2. Operation of network should be optimized for different vertical services 2. MME, RRC, PCRF, etc only optimized for individual mobile services 3. Openness of future networks – service customized functions, other than network functions 3. Closed model in 3G/4G 4. Integration of eMBB/mMTC/uMTC • 4. Huawei proprietary Different service requires different mobility management, charging policy, authentication, etc By nature, 3G/4G optimized for personal communications Page 17 Technology Requirement for 5G Wireless Network Customization Cooperation Integration (Service/Infrastructure) Future Proof Automation Simplicity NFV and SDN E2E Network Slicing Model Huawei proprietary Page 18 Business Model for VN Service Slice Infra-structure Abstraction Also called VNO (VN operator) End User Population (Customer 1) End User Population (Customer 2) VN Customer 1 Slice VN Customer 2 Slice MTC (Alarm, Sensor company) Video distribution company Police, Fire E-health monitoring service Control + Resources Or Connectivity service (Dynamic or static) Network Provider B Infra-structure Provider C Infra-structure Provider A Access Points VN Customer has an end user (device) population Network Provider A Network Provider Telecom Connectivity Service Provider (TCSP) Own or borrow resources from InPs. Service Provider A may own infrastructure Y Infra-structure Provider (InP) Provide resources and controlling technology with Phy abstractions Dynamic or static Provide connectivity service in specific geographical area TCSP Offers an E2E Service Slice to the Customer Huawei proprietary Page 19 Service Customized Virtual Networks (SCVN) Edge network segment • hard slicing eMBB slice D2D slice 8888 Central network segment • soft slicing eMTC slice 8888 8888 cMTC slice 3G/4G network • a network slice Other slices (common or 4G slice) DC 5G Key L1 Enabling Technologies Physical D-RAN C-RAN GWNI DC 20 @ DC Compose Network Slices (Independent, Isolated, E2E) Network Slicing Technologies (Examples) Slice-1 Slice-2 Slice-3 1. Dynamic integer programming algorithm for fast network topology generation 2. Minimum perturbation reoptimization linear programming algorithm Slice-4 Drastically Reduce the Dependence of Network Functions 21 Slice Orchestration, Management and Creation Service Request by VN operator (with Service attributes) E.g., service function chain, Transport and Traffic distribution (time and space) Admission Control (VNAC) Creation of a Slice instance (Software Defined Topology – SDT) Only Virtual Topology with instantiated VNFs Network with reserved resources may allocate physical resources Slice Operation (Software Defined Radio Resource Allocation – SDRA) Traffic engineering, monitoring, policing, charging etc. Slice Termination Huawei proprietary Page 22 Slice Orchestration, Management and Creation Network Provider 2 Network Provider Information Database (Public) Network Provider 1 Orchestrator/SONAC OSS/BSS SDRA - VNAC Global Customer Service Mgmt (CSM) Customer (e.g. A vertical service operator) SDT SDP VNFM VIM Common Control functions (network controlled) CSM Slice A Slice Specific control functions (network or customer controlled) VNFs Connectivity service provided by Slice A Connectivity service provided by Slice B Slice specific user plane functions (network or customer controlled) Infrastructure Control Functions (customer controlled) User Plane Functions (customer controlled) Control Functions (network controlled) User Plane Functions (network controlled) Huawei proprietary e.g. Per user Virtual SGW Per service Virtual SGW Page 23 Slice Orchestration, Management and Creation A service slice is specifically prepared for the customer by slicing the network, i.e., by creating a Network Slice. Several options: Use existing matching network slice descriptor - Introduce a new network slice descriptor to create a network slice instance - E.g. Another operator requests a eMBB slice. It is created using existing eMBB description. E.g. Vertical service operator requests a new service (e.g. CDN). It is created using customized network slice descriptor. Integrate into an existing network slice instance, e.g. using same resources, e.g.: - Another MTC operator requests a similar MTC service - An operator already having a network slice requests another service using the same resource pool Huawei proprietary Page 24 SONAC (Service Oriented Network-Slice Auto-Creator) - Example Customer Service Description/requirement Service level Graph U1 VN graph V-u-SGW (U1) QoE/QoS requirement F1 U2 V-u-SGW (U2) Under Network operator’s control U1 VNAC +SDT Forwarding graph description; link description VN logical topology (placement of v-s-SGWs in infrastructure) U1 U2 WN infrastructure (resource pool) SDRA Logical topology mapping to physical network resource VN physical topology U1 VN with customized protocol U2 Transport protocol defined by SDP U2 SDP End-to-end transport protocol design 25 U2 U1 Required Network Technology Components VN Admission/service negotiation: – Different customer would have different demand distributions in time and space – How to get multiplexing gain – Different services needed different amount of resources based on QoS and geographical distribution – How the charging is done for a customer having a large number of users with different services – When customer request multiple slices using same resources how to make the admission decision Software Defined Topology (Virtual if resources are not reserved) – Optimal placement of the Service Functions? Virtual Topology Placement depend son traffic, mobility. • Fast moving user can have its SGW much inside the network while slow moving user can have its SGW close to edge. Similarly caching functions. – For a hard slice or resource reserved slice physical topology also established. – E.g.,MTC type of services aggregation points, message filtering, Customer functions, should be strategically placed. 26Page 26 Required Network Technology Components • Traffic Engineering (TE) – Slice Specific TE does dynamic resource allocation to slices and sessions. Per slice KPI and QoE guarantees are needed. – – If resource sharing is done, Global traffic engineering is required across the slices Depending on traffic load, invokes a resource coordination function for local areas, take action to control traffic or trigger for service re-negotiation QoE Guarantee – using user’s feedback or action monitoring, QoS to QoE mapping tables are stored (per user based, per group based, per application based) to deliver required QoS Access schemes for massive MTC and efficient short packet delivery – – • Customer Service management, Connectivity Management, Caching and Pre-fetching, Context Management 27 – Imbalance between Demand vs Revenue prediction curves (e.g., Demand based charging, User in the loop) – Per user and per service/slice based mobility handling/tracking – Per slice based content distribution and caching and pre-fetching based on per user/group – Context data analytics/storage and using them for efficient service delivery and for 3rd party usage 5G forums and standardization activities Huawei proprietary Page 28 Important 5G related Standard Activities Industry: NGMN, 5GPPP, METIS II, FANTASTIC 5G, mmMAGIC, 5GXhaul, 5G-EX Standards: ETSI /NFV, 3GPP (SA1, SA2 and SA5) Current/recent activities in NGMN – White paper on 5G issued in January, 2015 • (a) 5G vision; (b) 5G requirements; (c) 5G Architecture concepts; (d) Spectrum considerations; • Basis for many other 5G standard organization activities - Currently four work streams under Project P1 • WS1-Architecture, WS2-Verticals, (3) WS3-Requirements for better MBB and Telco services and, (4) WS4- Interacts with standard development organizations. • WS1Further work under 3 groups: • E2e Architecture – currently discuss definition of the SLICE • Network and Service Management • Security Huawei proprietary Page 29 Important 5G related Standard Activities Current/recent activities in 3GPP SA1 – Services • Discussed 5G use cases and categorized them into 4 main areas − Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB): higher capacity; enhanced connectivity; higher user mobility. − Critical Communications (CriC): higher reliability with lower latency; higher reliability and higher availability with lower latency; very low latency; higher accuracy positioning. − Massive Internet of Things (mIoT): high connection density; low complexity; low power consumption. − Network Operations (NEO): flexible functions and new value creation; migration and interworking; optimizations and enhancements. SA2 – Architecture: Currently discusses the following - Key NextGen Architecture Requirements - Key Technical Areas and Key issues that need to be addressed Huawei proprietary Page 30 5G Timeline (Release 14 and onwards) 2010 2011 2012 WRC-12 2013 2014 2015 2016 WRC-15 2017 2018 2019 WRC-19 ITU Workshop RAN Rel-10 Rel-11 Rel-12 Rel-13 We are here 3GPP 5G WI(s) Phase-1: fundamental features of UAI focusing on spectrum below 6GHz Phase-2: enhancement features of UAI below and above 6GHz LTE-Advanced (4G) Rel-14 Proposal Rel-15 2021 2022 Eval ITU-R Req., Eval. Criteria 2020 Rel-16 5G SI(s) UAI, other features / enhancements Spec. Rel-17 5G SI(s) Start from UAI below 6GHz UAI above 6GHz will follow up after the channel model above 6GHz is ready 5G WI(s) 5G WI(s) Phase-1 Phase-2 LTE New Branding (4.5G) Notes: * Proposal submission to ITU no later than June 2019 * Spec submission to ITU no later than February 2020 Huawei proprietary Page 31 Thank you Copyright©2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved. The information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial and operating results, future product portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements. Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the information at any time without notice. Huawei proprietary Page 32 SCMA: Sparse Code Multiple Access Number of Connections 400 375 Num of Connections 350 300 250 x3.9 200 150 100 95 50 0 LTE-Advanced SCMA Non-orthogonal multiplexing of layers Overloading to increase overall rate and connectivity Sparsity to limit complexity of detection Multi-dimensional codewords with shaping gain and better spectral efficiency Spreading for robust link adaptation Grant-free access for reduction of both latency and signaling overhead Huawei proprietary Page 33 Polar Code for reliability and low energy consumption For small packet (e.g. IoT, control channel), Polar Codes have 0.5-2dB gain comparing with Turbo Code used in LTE, the gain is significant. No error floor, suitable for ultra-reliable transmission Low energy consumption Huawei proprietary Page 34 Software Defined Air Interface (SoftAI) to Integrate all Use Cases One size fits all (LTE) Air Interface Adaptation (5G) Soft AI Optimized RAT for each application/use case Dynamic or semi-static or static configurable Across frequency carriers or within the same frequency carrier Forward compatible: easy to add future-proof new service/use case Smooth migration of LTE Waveforms and MA Access Protocols f-OFDM SCMA Ultra NB WF Scheduled Grant-free Adaptive HARQ Frame Structure Coding Modulation Polar Turbo Network Coding Huawei proprietary Flexible TTI Flexible Numerologies Flexible Duplex Full-Duplex Page 35 f-OFDM: Enable Future Proof Design and RAN Slicing Same Carrier Filtered-OFDM uMTC Numerology-1 MBB Numerology-2 Flexible subcarrier parameterization mMTC Numerology-3 Frequency Enable future proof design and RAN slicing by allowing independent co-existence of multiple services within the same carrier Sub-band digital filter to control inter-block interference (spectrum localization) Orthogonal Intra block to maintain OFDM benefits Non-orthogonal to enable co-existence of multiple numerologies without guard band MBB Huawei proprietary Smart Metering Driverless Car Broadcast / Multicast Page 36