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Word Component Meanings Examples a(n) Absence, without anuria (lack of urine output) ab away from abduct (move away from) ambi both sides ambidextrous (using both hands) ante before, forward anterior (front of the body) anti against antibody (immune response to an organism) aut(o) self autoanalysis (self analysis) bi two bigeminy (occurring in pairs) dys difficult, painful dysuria (painful urination) end(o) inward endoscope (a device used to examine a body cavity) hetero other, different heterogeneous (different characteristics) hyper above, beyond hypernatremia (excess sodium) hypo below hypotension (low blood pressure) macr(o) large, long macromastia (excessive breast size) micr(o) small microbe (tiny organism) mono one monochromatic (having only one color) olig(o) few, little oliguria (too little urine) peri around pericecal (around the cecum) poly much, many polydipsia (excessive thirst) post behind, after postoperative (after surgery) pre before, in front preanesthesia (before anesthetic is given) pseudo false pseudocyst (a cavity resembling a true cyst) sub under subclinical (without symptoms) supra above, upon supraorbital (above the orbit) tetra four tetralogy (group of four) trans across, through transdermal (entering through the skin) abdomin(o) abdomen abdominopelvic (abdomen and pelvis) acou hearing acoustics (the science of sounds) angi(o) vessel angiography (x-ray of a vessel) ankyl crooked, fusion ankylosis (consolidation of a joint) bili bile bilary (pertaining to bile or the gallbladder) brady slow bradycardia (slow heart rhythm) calc heel calcaneus (heel bone) carcin(o) cancer carcinoma (malignant growth) cardi(o) heart cardiac muscle (heart muscle chol(e) bile cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) col(i)(o) colon colitis (inflammation of the colon) cyan(o) blue cyanotic (blue coloured) cyst(i)(o) bladder cystitis (inflammation of the urinary bladder) cyt(o) cell cytology (study of cells) derm-or-derm skin dermatitis (skin inflammation) fasci bundle fasiae (bundles of muscle fibers) gastro stomach gastritis (inflammation of the stomach) ger(o) or geront(o) aging gerontology (study of aging) gyn(o) woman, particularly reproductive organs gynecology (study of women’s reproductive organs) heme(a)(o) or hemato blood hematology (study of blood) hepat(o) liver hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) hist(i)(o) tissue histography (process of describing tissue and cells) hyster uterus hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus) ile(o) ileum ileostomy (surgical opening in the ileum) leuk(o) white leukocytes (white blood cells) lip(o) fat lipedema (excess fat and fluid in subcutaneous tissue) lith(o) stone lithocystotomy (surgical removal of bladder stones) mammo(o) breast mammogram (breast x-ray) mast(o) breast mastectomy (surgical removal of breast tissue) melan(o) black melancholia (depression) nephr(o) kidney nephritis (kidney inflammation) path(o) disease pathogen (disesase-causing organism) ped(o) child pediatrics (care of children) phleb(o) vein phlebitis (inflammation of a vein) phot(o) light phototherapy (treatment by exposure to light) pneum(o) lung pneumonia (inflammation of the lung) pod(o) foot podiatry (care of the foot) proct(o) rectum proctectomy (excursion of the rectum) psych(o) mind psychiatry (study and treatment of mental disorders) pulmo(n) lung pulmoaortic (pertaining to the lungs and aorta) sclera(o) sep hard decay sclerosis (hardening of tissue) sepsis (infection in the bloodstream) sten(o) narrow stenosis (narrowing of a body passage) tachy rapid, swift tachycardia (rapid heart beat) therm(o) heat thermometer (instrument for measuring temperature) thromb(o) clot thrombectomy (excision of a clot from a blood vessel) toxi(o) poison toxicosis (poisoning) ur(o) urinary, urine uropoiesis (formation of urine) vas(o) vessel vasospasm (spasm of a blood vessel) ven(i)(o) vein venosclerosis (sclerosis or hardening of the vessel) algia pain neuralgia (nerve pain) ectomy surgical removal splenectomy (removal of the spleen) itis inflammation coilitis (inflammation of the colon) lys(i)(o breakdown fibrinolysis (breakdown of a clot) oma tumor blastoma (cancer composed of embryonic cells) osis condition fibrosis (formation of fibrous tissue) phob abnormal fear agoraphobia (fear of open spaces) plasia growth hypoplasia (incomplete development) plasty surgical repair angioplasty (surgical repair of blood vessels) plegia paralysis paraplegia (paralysis of lower body) pnea breathing apnea (absence of breathing) poiesis production hematopoiesis (production of blood cells) rrhea fluid discharge diarrhea (frequent soft or liquid bowel movements) scope observe endoscope (tool for observing the interior of body organs) stomy opening colostomy (portion of the colon is opened and brought through the abdominal wall) tripsy crushing lithotripsy (crushing stones in the bladder, kidney, gallbladder, or other organs) trophy growth hypertrophy (overgrowth)