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KIRK KRISTOFFERSON Ph.D. Candidate, Marketing Sauder School of Business ! University of British Columbia +1 778-998-8450 ! [email protected] EDUCATION Ph.D., May 2015 (expected) University of British Columbia Major: Marketing (Consumer Behavior) B. Comm (Hons.), With Distinction, May 2003 University of Manitoba Majors: Marketing, Finance, International Business TITLE OF DISSERTATION AND COMMITTEE Dissertation Title: Once is Not Enough: Motivations Driving Initial and Subsequent Prosocial Behavior Essay 1: The Nature of Slacktivism: How the Social Observability of an Initial Act of Token Support Impacts Subsequent Prosocial Action Status: Published, Journal of Consumer Research (2014) Essay 2: Color Me Sad: The Impact of Support Allocation on Consumer Prosocial Identity and Subsequent Support Status: Three studies completed. Target: Journal of Marketing Research. Co-Chairs: Darren W. Dahl and Katherine White Committee Member: Cait Lamberton (University of Pittsburgh) Proposal Defended: March 20, 2014 RESEARCH INTERESTS • • • • June 2014 Social Influence Prosocial Behavior Emotion and Affect Persuasion 1 PUBLICATIONS 1. Kristofferson, Kirk, Katherine White and John Peloza (2014), “The Nature of Slacktivism: How the Social Observability of an Initial Act of Token Support Impacts Subsequent Prosocial Action,” Journal of Consumer Research, 40(6), 1149-1166. This research investigates whether providing a token gesture of support (e.g., wearing a ribbon, signing a petition) for a social cause subsequently leads to more meaningful support (e.g., volunteering, donations). In five studies, this research shows that providing token support does not necessarily lead to meaningful support, or slacktivism. It uncovers the motivations driving subsequent meaningful prosocial support, provides strategies to mitigate this consequence, and identifies boundary conditions to the effect. • Media Coverage: Fast Company, Time Magazine, Harvard Business Review, Washington Post, Popular Science, Globe and Mail, National Post, Daily Mail, Science Daily, Men’s Health, CTV News, Science Codex, Psych Central, British Psychological Society, The Consumerist, The Drum • Featured in Journal of Consumer Research Curations: Morality and the Marketplace (2014). Curator: Kent Grayson. 2. Kristofferson, Kirk and Katherine White (forthcoming), Social Influences in Consumer Psychology, in Cambridge Handbook of Consumer Psychology, Rucker, Lamberton and Norton. REVISE AND RESUBMIT / UNDER REVIEW 3. Lamberton, Cait, Kirk Kristofferson, and Darren W. Dahl, “(Secretly) Blowing Out Candles to Make Ours Burn Brighter: The Relationship Between Envy, Self-Esteem, and Harming Behaviors”. Revise and resubmit at the Journal of Consumer Research. This research examines how consumers respond when experiencing malicious envy, showing that self-esteem is a key moderator in predicting both consumer attitudes towards the target product, and consumer tactics to harm the advantaged consumer. We demonstrate that higher self-esteem consumers tend to refrain from overtly harming envied others, but will do so covertly. Conversely, while lower self-esteem consumers publicly denigrate envied others, they do not do so privately. Moreover, we qualify previous envy research by showing that higher self-esteem consumers enhance their pursuit of an envied product. June 2014 2 4. Kristofferson, Kirk, Brent McFerran, Andrea C. Morales and Darren W. Dahl, ““Only One Left – I'll Fight You for It!”: Scarcity Promotion Advertising and Aggressive Behavior,” Currently under review at the Journal of Consumer Research. This paper explores the unintended social consequence of aggression resulting from scarcity promotions. This research demonstrates that aggressive tendencies resulting from scarcity can not only occur in resource-rich environments, but more importantly, that aggression can actually originate from exposure to scarcity promotion advertising. We use violent video game behavior to measure aggression, and show that firearm shooting behavior (number of shots fired), punching behavior (punches thrown), and consumer preferences for violent experiences are higher in response to such advertising. WORK IN PROGRESS 1. Kristofferson, Kirk, Katherine White, Cait Lamberton and Darren W. Dahl, “Color Me Sad: The Impact of Support Allocation on Consumer Prosocial Identity and Subsequent Support, “ Three studies completed. Target: Journal of Marketing Research. 2. Castelo, Noah, Kirk Kristofferson and Katherine White, “It’s Not You, It’s Me: The Effects of Internal Attribution on Slacktivism,” Three studies completed. Target: Journal of Consumer Research. 3. Kristofferson, Kirk and Katherine White, “I Shared What You Did Last Summer: Indirect Impression Management Tactics Induce Licensing,” One study completed. Target: Journal of Marketing. 4. Kristofferson, Kirk and Rui (Juliet) Zhu, “Amplify or Regulate? Stability as a Moderating Force of Power’s Potential in Consumer Behavior,”. Three studies completed. Target: Psychological Science. 5. Kristofferson, Kirk, Katherine White and Karl Aquino, “The Pretender: The Impact of Acting Inauthentic on Identity Stability,”, One study completed. Target: Journal of Consumer Research. CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS 1. Kristofferson, Kirk, Brent McFerran, Andrea C. Morales and Darren W. Dahl, “The Dark Side of Marketing Tactics: Scarcity Promotions Induce Aggressive Behavior,” Association for Consumer Research Conference, Baltimore, MD, October 2014. June 2014 3 2. Kristofferson, Kirk, Katherine White and John Peloza, “The Nature of Slacktivism: How the Social Observability of an Initial Act of Token Support Affects Subsequent Prosocial Action,” Society for Consumer Psychology Conference; Miami, FL, March 2014. 3. Lamberton, Cait, Kirk Kristofferson, and Darren W. Dahl, “(Secretly) Blowing Out Candles To Make Ours Burn Brighter: The Relationship Between Envy, Self-Esteem, and Harming Behaviors,” Association for Consumer Research Conference; Vancouver, BC, October 2012. 4. Lamberton, Cait, Kirk Kristofferson, and Darren W. Dahl, “Squeezing Wine From Sour Grapes: Self-Esteem, Consolation Opportunities and Willingness-To-Pay for an Envied Product,” Association for Consumer Research Conference; St. Louis, MO, October 2011. AWARDS AND RECOGNITION • • • • • • • AMA-Sheth Foundation Doctoral Consortium Fellow, 2014 UBC Killiam Graduate Teaching Award, 2013 Shelby L. Brumelle Memorial Graduate Scholarship, 2013-14 Anne and John Brown Fellowship in Diabetes and Obesity Related Research, 2013-14 Hugo E. Meilicke Memorial Fellowship, 2013-14 UBC E.D. McPhee Fellowship, 2010, 2011, 2012 UBC University Graduate Fellowship, 2010, 2011, 2012 PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS Association for Consumer Research Society of Consumer Psychology American Marketing Association RESEARCH GRANTS AWARDED 1. Dahl, Darren W. and Kirk Kristofferson (2011). “Untangling Envy”. Co-Primary Investigator. UBC Sauder School of Business Internal Grant, $8,150. 2. Spiliotopoulos ,Valia, Kirk Kristofferson, Carson Woo, David Silver, Thomas Allard and Kathryn Martell (2012). “Assessment of Learning in Business Education”. UBC Teaching and Learning Enhancement Fund, $22,464.80. June 2014 4 TEACHING INTERESTS Consumer Behavior, Marketing Strategy, Marketing Analysis, Salesforce Marketing, Marketing Management Introduction to Marketing, Sustainability Marketing, Social and Nonprofit Marketing TEACHING EXPERIENCE University of British Columbia – Vancouver Instructor, Buyer Behavior (2013). • Instructor Evaluation Score: 4.7/5.0 Instructor, Marketing Analysis (Upcoming Winter 2015) • Case method • Markstrat Simulator Guest Lecturer, Social and Nonprofit Marketing (2010-2014) Guest Lecturer, Buyer Behavior (2012) Markstrat Simulator Facilitator, SMEI 3: (Exec. Ed, Sales and Marketing, 2013-14) Certificate, Instructional Skills Workshop (2012) TEACHING ASSISTANT APPOINTMENTS University of British Columbia – Vancouver Undergraduate (Bachelor of Commerce Hons.) • Marketing Analysis. Instructors: Ann Stone, Elaine Williamson (2011-14) • Social and Nonprofit Marketing. Instructor: Charles Weinberg (2010-14) Graduate (MBA, EMBA) • Consumer Creativity. Instructor: Darren Dahl (2012-13) • SMEI 3: Marketing and Sales Management. Instructors: Darren Dahl and Kate White (2013-14) • Marketing Strategy. Instructor: Tamar Milne (2011, 2013) • Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Instructor: Paul Cubbon (2013-14) University of Manitoba – Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Undergraduate (Bachelor of Commerce Hons.) • Marketing Management. Instructor: Malcolm Smith (2005, 2006). • Investments. Instructor: Gady Jacoby (2001) June 2014 5 SERVICE • • • • • • • • • Student reviewer, Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing Reviewer, Society for Consumer Psychology, Annual Conference, Miami, FL, 2014 Reviewer, American Marketing Association, Summer Marketing Educators’ Conference, San Francisco, CA, 2011, 2012 Committee member, Faculty Advisory Board, Sauder School of Business AACSB Accreditation Assurance of Learning Coordinator, Marketing Behavioral Lab and Subject Pool, 2011-2014 Co-President, Sauder School of Business Ph.D. Students Society, 2011 Student Keynote Speaker: UBC PhD Recruitment Conference 2013 PhD Representative: EQUIS Accreditation Review Commerce Scholars Program, Mentor to Undergraduate Researchers INDUSTRY EXPERIENCE 2008 – 2010 Navitas World, International College of Manitoba Marketing Manager, Africa/Middle-East/Sub-continent sales territories 2006 – 2007 Bavarian Hospitality Group Assistant Manager 2002 – 2006 Investors Group Financial Services Assistant Manager, National Marketing MEDIA COVERAGE Print/Online Fast Company (NY, USA): http://www.fastcoexist.com/3021508/heres-an-idea/like-acharity-on-facebook-youre-now-actually-less-to-actually-help Popular Science (USA): http://www.popsci.com/article/science/just-liking-causedoesnt-help-internet-slacktivism-harms-charities Globe and Mail (Canada): http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-onbusiness/careers/business-education/donors-like-to-show-support-for-causes-justdont-ask-them-for-money/article15761051/ Time Magazine (USA): http://newsfeed.time.com/2013/12/16/facebook-launchesnew-donate-button-asking-people-to-put-money-where-their-like-is/ June 2014 6 Harvard Business Review (USA): http://blogs.hbr.org/daily-stat/ Science Daily (USA): http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/11/131108091320.htm National Post (Canada): http://news.nationalpost.com/2013/11/10/growing-amoustache-to-raise-awareness-about-mens-health-actually-leads-to-slacktivism-newubc-study/ Daily Mail (UK): slacktivist-People-declare-support-charities-social-networking-siteslikely-donate-money.html. Washington Post (USA): http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkeycage/wp/2014/03/12/does-slacktivism-work/ CTV News (Canada): http://www.ctvnews.ca/mobile/sci-tech/how-much-good-doesa-facebook-like-really-do-not-much-slacktivism-study-shows-1.1535302 Men’s Health (USA): http://www.menshealth.com/best-life/charitable-donations. Science Codex (USA): http://www.sciencecodex.com/slackers_unite_how_fundraisers_convert_social_suppo rters_into_socially_active_citizens-123351 The British Psychological Society (UK): http://www.bps.org.uk/news/does-facebookreduce-charity-donations Psych Central (USA): http://psychcentral.com/news/2013/11/11/dont-just-like-mycause-do-something-slacktivists/61894.html Television CTV News (Canada): http://www.ctvnews.ca/video?clipId=1045295 Radio CBC Radio, National The Motts Show, Ontario, Eastern Canada CKNW News Talk 980, Vancouver June 2014 7 REFERENCES *Darren W. Dahl Fred H. Siller Professor of Marketing Sauder School of Business University of British Columbia [email protected] Tel: 1-604-822-1890 * Katherine White Associate Professor and Chair, Marketing Sauder School of Business University of British Columbia [email protected] Tel: 1-604-827-3158 * Cait Lamberton Associate Professor of Marketing Katz School of Business University of Pittsburgh [email protected] Tel: 1-604-827-3158 * Andrea C. Morales JW and Alice S. Marriott Foundation Professor of Marketing W.P. Carey School of Business Arizona State University [email protected] Tel: 1-480-965-6122 JoAndrea Hoegg Associate Professor of Marketing Sauder School of Business University of British Columbia [email protected] Tel: 1-604-827-4541 (*) Names and contact information for three letters of references June 2014 8