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The Single Chip Wireless Company CSR - the single-chip wireless innovator 10 years’ progress on RF CMOS CSR was founded in 1998 to develop true single-chip radio devices. Our devices support TM In addition to our long-term focus on Bluetooth, CSR will wireless data and voice communications, focused initially on the 2.4GHz Bluetooth continue to develop innovative single-chip radio products personal area networking standard. The background of our development team gives CSR a to meet evolving customer needs and to create new significant advantage to help OEMs exploit this new wave of networking. It allows us to markets, including IEEE 802.11a and HiperLAN2. build the first truly integrated single-chip radio, and one based on commodity CMOS technology with all its inherent advantages. CSR is funded by some of the world’s leading venture capital investors, including 3i, Amadeus Capital Partners and Gilde IT Fund. It also has corporate investment from 1998: CSR’s founders apply RF major electronic companies. It has development CMOS technology to help one of the partnerships with many leading companies worldwide. world’s leading GSM phone makers to understand the potential for size and cost improvements. Investors Partners www.sony.co.jp www.widcomm.com [email protected] www.intel.com www.mezoe.com [email protected] [email protected] www.philips.com www.extendedsystems.com 1997: CSR’s founders design www.compaq.com www.impulsesoft.com [email protected] pioneering short-range CMOS RF- www.arm.com www.gigaAnt.com [email protected] equipped 2-part PDA to advertise www.alps.co.jp www.intarsiacorp.com [email protected] www.mustangventures.com www.rtx.dk [email protected] www.wavecom.com www.socketcom.com [email protected] their skills to the mobile terminal industry. www.virata.com www.3i.com Full details can be found on our website www.amadeuscapital.com www.csr.com/partners www.gilde.nl www.capitalresearch.com www.razorfish.com 3 Bluetooth - the catalyst for a revolution in product design Bluetooth offers the potential to change the way that Wireless internet access Vending machines, appliances, Digital consumer items PC users can eliminate the need automation… With transfer rates of over to run cables around the house Bluetooth - with its intrinsic 0.7Mbaud, Bluetooth is a by using a Bluetooth-equipped security - could revolutionize the catalyst for the widespread web pad as a gateway for way field equipment involving adoption of new digital products, internet access. payments operates. Vending allowing wireless transfer of files existing equipment works, and to catalyse the development machines, for example, can be such as digital camera pictures of brand new categories of product. BlueCore devices PCs, laptops upgraded to allow users to or MP3 music. provide single-chip solutions for integrating Bluetooth Computer and peripheral choose and buy goods via the capability - and are particularly suitable wherever low manufacturers can use Bluetooth mobile's user interface. The Meter reading power consumption and miniaturization are key, thanks to for wireless internet access, same concept holds true for The Bluetooth standard promises their innovative 'system-on-a-chip' design, and the use of synchronization with other other products such as to provide a low cost solution for CMOS technology. devices, or communications with household appliances and this application. Groups of peripherals such as a joystick. industrial automation: human meters could transfer data to a TM Bluetooth can be applied to a host of applications and interaction, interrogation and central collection terminal for equipment. In some cases adding new features and BlueCore advantages: maintenance can be enhanced or example, which then links to the useability. In other applications Bluetooth will revolutionise A key option for rapid time to simplified. utility via the phone. Or, palmtops product design and create new products and applications. market is the dongle, an could capture data as operators application aided by intrinsic Interactive toys compatibility with USB, and the Bluetooth allows toys to interact, walk by. extremely small real estate of or be linked to devices such as BlueCore advantages: BlueCore. PCs allowing, for example, The ability to configure devices Mobile phones/WAP BlueCore advantages: Bluetooth allows hands-free Bluetooth may be added to a responses linked to events in with full Bluetooth software voice communications via a product’s motherboard or games or educational software. minimizes the computational and headset, file synchronization with retrofitted to existing phones via interfacing load. This means that other devices, and the ability to a battery pack thanks to unique Bluetooth can be retrofitted to employ the mobile terminal as a design features employed by existing embedded systems – user interface to field equipment CSR. Download application note which are often based on low- such as vending machines. from: www.csr.com cost microcontrollers – much more easily. 5 Bluetooth Radio Baseband DSP and Logic Microcontroller Full Stack Software and Application Memory One-chip Bluetooth solutions optimized for your product Built-in self test Serial link to host system CSR’s ‘RF inside the chip’ design ethos is supported by BlueCore provides developers with an asynchronous the addition of advanced self test capabilities. In addition to serial data port which can be configured as a UART – with scan path facilities for BlueCore logic, a unique analog a data rate up to 1.5Mbaud, or alternatively as a USB port calibration, alignment and adjustment routine is performed capable of 12Mbaud communications. CSR’s BlueCore IC family provides cost-effective solutions for OEM Bluetooth applications. BlueCore features a unique every time a device powers up. This eliminates the need for ‘single chip’ architecture combining baseband DSP, radio and processor hardware, plus full Bluetooth software on-chip – RF tests and trimming during product assembly, and External interfaces you choose the level of protocol you want to run locally, from the standard host-controller interface to the upper RFCOMM automatically adjusts for drift during day-to-day operation BlueCore devices incorporate a number of interfaces to and SDP layers. to deliver optimum quality links. support efficient system design, including a port for up to 8Mbits of external program memory on some devices, and 2 On-chip RISC processor an I C interface for interfacing with external EEPROM for CMOS platform The benefit of this integration cannot be overstated as RF The use of CMOS provides a fundamental cost/performance BlueCore devices that do not have flash (this could also BlueCore devices are fabricated from CMOS, giving design demands specialist skills which can be a barrier for advantage, allowing CSR to integrate a general-purpose be used for controlling other devices). There is a PCM customers access to the most widely used semiconductor OEMs. Among the innovative techniques employed by CSR processor along with the baseband digital signal codec interface to support voice applications, and eight process in the world. The low cost, security of supply and to realize an ‘RF inside the chip’ design are an image reject processing logic and radio modem – a feat that is typically bits of programmable bi-directional digital I/O. process-scaling benefits resulting from this provide the mixer and near-zero IF which allows the channel filters to too costly on alternative platforms such as BiCMOS. This optimum support to help OEMs succeed in the competitive be implemented in CMOS, and an on-chip VCO including all embedded processor allows a full software implementation Fast-track approval global wireless market. resonant and tuning elements. This eliminates all external of the Bluetooth protocol to be embedded in BlueCore devices are type-approved in order to reduce SAW, ceramic, inductor and varactor components. BlueCore devices. project timescales. They include versions running the full BlueCore builds on the long experience of the company’s All that’s left to add is an antenna and crystal, plus a few The processor features a 16-bit RISC architecture. development team in developing CMOS radio solutions to passive components and a couple of printed track shapes This provides the computing performance to run the speed and simplify Bluetooth design cycles. This has to implement a simple RF filter and balun – for which we complete Bluetooth stack locally (greatly simplifying the resulted in a level of integration, which can eliminate many provide an example design template. Follow our guidelines integration of Bluetooth) as well as an OEM’s embedded of the additional RF components conventionally required to and you can simply ‘plug’ a Bluetooth subsystem onto your application code if required. The processor has been implement a two-way radio system. motherboard in the same way as you would add a digital specially selected because of its lean architecture, for circuit. There’s even an on-chip voltage regulator which lets minimal die size and power consumption, and because its BlueCore take power from a 5V USB supply. design is netlist-based, making it process-independent. Bluetooth protocol, which can simplify approval for True single-chip design customers. This allows CSR to port BlueCore designs to different CMOS foundries to promote low cost and security of supply, and supports a rapid evolution to smaller geometries. 7 RF COMM Device manager L2CAP Application Application Application RFCOMM/SDP RFCOMM/SDP L2CAP L2CAP LM LM LC LC RF COMM SDP Application support Device manager L2CAP Reg BB H/W +Micro HCI RADIO RADIO BlueCore Link manager BlueCore devices can run the standard host-controller partition, or the full Bluetooth protocol locally. Link control Host Controller Baseband and RF Host Link manager RADIO RADIO Standard Partition (HCI) HCI UART Codec BB H/W +Micro RAM RAM Host Audio LC Host LM Audio Embedded Partition (RFCOMM) L2CAP RAM Host HCI SDP RFCOMM BB H/W +Micro Application support SDP Link control BlueCore01 BlueCore01M BlueCore02 BlueCore03 BlueCore04 BlueCore00 Several design options BlueCore01 prototype your Bluetooth equipped product BlueCore01M optimise your Bluetooth equipped product BlueCore02 1-chip solution for massmarket Bluetooth products BlueCore03 & BlueCore04 true stand alone solutions The first 81-ball fine pitch BGA-packaged device incorporates the baseband DSP, radio and processor – operating with external flash program memory. It allows design to start now, and is ideal for retrofit to embedded systems. We provide an example PCB design for the radio subsystem - all you need to do is decide how to interface it to your product. CSR’s ‘full protocol on BlueCore option eases the software task, reducing the load on the host to a minimum (realizing the 'cable replacement' dreams of Bluetooth's creators). Both UART and USB HCI communications are supported. With the same footprint as BlueCore01, BlueCore01M integrates CSR’s innovative technology with a 4Mbit Flash memory to significantly reduce system implementation size and cost. Effectively requiring minimal system design changes from a BlueCore01 based design but offering dramatic reduction in PCB area, BlueCore01M is available from mid 2001, in both UART and USB versions. In the next generation of BlueCore, flash memory is integrated on chip and released as BlueCore02. Combined with an upgrade to a 0.18µm geometry, this device is both smaller and requires fewer connections than BlueCore01 (49). The resulting module size will shrink dramatically, providing ideal support for full commercial release of mass-market Bluetoothequipped products. As a further enhancement BlueCore02 will be offered in a 4.6mm x 4.6mm chip scale package. The next stage for CSR will be to integrate applicationspecific I/O and programs on-chip - starting with audio codec capability for voicerelated Bluetooth applications in addition to flash memory. This will allow customers to create one-chip BlueCore controlled systems with application-specific firmware. In BlueCore04 an ARM processor will be included to allow more CPU intensive complete Bluetooth profiles and applications to be run on-chip. Bluetooth subsystem requires 2.25cm2 or less PCB area, plus antenna Total Bluetooth subsystem requires 1.5cm2 or less PCB area plus antenna Total Bluetooth subsystem requires 1cm2 or less PCB area plus antenna BlueCore00 “radio only” chip Baseband and RF Integrated Bluetooth protocol - fast route to market BlueCore devices incorporate comprehensive Bluetooth software in the form of embedded firmware. An innovative feature Total Bluetooth subsystem requires 1cm2 or less PCB area plus antenna Optimised only for the cellular phone applications, BlueCore 00 is a ‘radio only’ solution that can be used either with CSR Baseband and LM firmware or third party Baseband solutions integrated into an external host ASIC. Total Bluetooth subsystem requires 1cm2 or less PCB area plus antenna is that BlueCore devices enable users to configure the level of the Bluetooth protocol stack that runs on chip. This provides the option of running the standard Bluetooth configuration with a Host-Controller Interface (HCI) split between the radio subsystem and the host, or the full stack – sending messages via the RFCOMM/SDP layer. Running the full Bluetooth protocol locally on the This allows Bluetooth-equipped products to be brought to BlueCore device – and interfacing via serial messaging - market very rapidly, probably with just a few man-months significantly reduces the load on the host processor, of effort, allowing companies to trial capabilities, and gauge offering major advantages to OEMs. market reaction. Many target products for Bluetooth are based on low- To enhance the speed of product design, BlueCore performance microcontrollers with little spare computational supports the standard HCI transport drivers for both UART capacity – BlueCore - hosted software allows such and USB connected hosts and additionally a multi-protocol systems to be retrofitted with minimal redesign. communications link known as BlueCore Serial Protocol or BCSP. This provides a much more sophisticated option Some key target applications such as GSM phones have than the two currently defined Bluetooth serial protocols very large and complex real-time programs, which would (RS232 and UART). It adds error checking and demand time-consuming regression testing in order to retransmission to accommodate any dropped data during introduce a major additional function such as Bluetooth. ‘wake-up’, and flow control for several logical channels, Typical applications for different levels of the Bluetooth protocol stack Host Controller Interface (HCI) 2G and 3G cellular phones WAP terminals, PDAs, Notebooks, PCs Internet gateways PSTN/ISDN and LAN access gateways RFCOMM/SDP Embedded systems with limited computing power: ticket/vending machines, PC peripherals… 2G cellular phones V90 wireless modems while simultaneously reducing the processing overhead. BCSP additionally allows developers to interface at the HCI, L2CAP, RFCOMM, or SDP layers, providing flexibility for companies that have already begun software development. 9 Pre-Qualified Reference Designs for Rapid Time to Market Which provide: Optimized designs modules surface mount on host PCB reference designs with CAD files, test programs approvals: CE, radio type approval, Bluetooth qualification interface. This is in the form of plated-through hole C- The antenna itself is left off the module for optimum shaped connections which may be soldered easily in a application flexibility. The key difference compared to the lowest development environment from the top component side of cost BC01MOD3 module is the addition of the low noise the board, and/or reflowed in volume production. in high temperature operating conditions of up to 70ºC, and The two other modules feature the same core Bluetooth the addition of a power amplifier on the BC01MOD1 for radio module, but fitted with a high power amplifier to shelf design. To combat this, CSR has developed a family maximum range. provide a 100 metre Class1 range. Full design packages of circuits offering varying price/performance. Ready-built (artwork and schematics) allow these designs to be samples of these modules are available to allow users to integrated onto your own motherboard easily and quickly. evaluate the real-world performance of the different design Reference design data generation Bluetooth products - in order to minimize CSR Hardware Reference Designs BC01b-USB based reference designs - repositioning Name development timescales and costs. The approach can be Once evaluation is complete, and a decision on the required particularly efficient for companies with limited or no module has been taken, time to market is assured because serving smaller-volume markets. for surface mounting onto a motherboard, via a 26-way CSR’s all-CMOS solution requires, and an antenna switch. communications can make it difficult to specify an off-the- Reference designs for Bluetooth radio module sub- in-house RF design or test capability, and for any OEM Flash memory chip, the few discrete components that The sheer diversity of applications for Bluetooth wireless approaches. systems provide an attractive route to market for first- All modules are optimized for compact size, and designed amplifier on the BC01MOD2 module to provide higher range minimal NRE - extremely rapid evaluation and development range offers optimized price/performance for your design Each module contains a CSR BlueCore01 chip, clock, CSR can provide a full design package for any of the CSR offers a choice of three module designs, allowing users to optimize price/performance of Bluetooth wireless This reference design approach also extends to comprehensive communications for their target application. Bluetooth manufacturing support which includes a test strategy and qualification of these modules will also shorten the time functional routines for the final test stages of panelized needed for end product Bluetooth qualification. PCBs. The test package is geared for high volume production environments. BC01MOD2 BC01MOD1 (replaces BC01M2-LC) (replaces BC01M1) LNA Printed Filter SW Printed Balun LNA BC01 BC01 Configuration modules, including the bill of materials and comprehensive Gerber files for PCB artwork. BC01MOD3 Discrete Filter SW Discrete Balun BC01 Discrete Filter SW PA Discrete Balun Module RX sensitivity -75dBm -88dBm -88dBm Module TX power 0dBm 0dBm +20dBm Range 10M 10M+ 100M Footprint 20 x 15mm 20 x 15mm 20 x 15mm Ref Design Availability Q2 2001 Q2 2001 Q2 2001 Bluetooth Class Class3 or Class2 Class2 Class1 Application Consumer, Toys etc Cellphones & accessories PCs, Access Points 11 Headset Reset Audio codec PCM and 3V UART port Embedded development port Power supply Power Flash RS232 Crystal DIN9 connector BlueCore01 Connector Antenna BlueCore module PC Motherboard Evaluation and development support - Casira TM Casira provides a platform that enables Bluetooth Host software and tools Documentation Provided on the CD-ROM are: Also on the CD-ROM are: User manual On-chip software (‘firmware’) Drivers to communicate at the HCI level with BlueCore. API allowing code to be developed to interface with Bluetooth technology within the end product using the The modules supplied with Casira are ready These comprise: the provided transport driver. This includes a BlueCore chip. programmed. This firmware comprises: - a kernal mode USB driver description of the options for different host/host - DLLs for UART transports BCSP and H4 controller stack partitions - A DLL (hci.dll) which implements HCI packet Reference design schematics, PCB artwork and software and hardware application developers to integrate Casira is intended to be used both by developers of host A fully Bluetooth compliant protocol stack, available in software and by developers of on-chip applications. The two variants: assembly and flow control. It presents a simple to use detailed bill-of-materials of the BlueCore module. Casira kit comprises: - Full speed ( 721 kbits/second) multi-point with the function-call based interface to higher stack layers Applications notes describing the radio and software normal HCI interface; or Hardware 2x BC01M1 modules including the BlueCore single Available for Win 98, Win NT, Win 2000, Pocket PC and POSIX a system - Complete build including the Bluetooth layers L2CAP, SDP and RFCOMM. This allows either the RFCOMM Flash ROM loading tools (operated over the SPI) interface to be presented to the host or the whole Available for Win 98, Win NT, Win 2000 chip Bluetooth IC, flash memory (for the host controller application to run on BlueCore with no host protocol stack firmware), crystal reference and antenna. (eg for a headset). 2x motherboards containing host I/O and man/machine design approach needed to embed BlueCore into Source code (in C and C++) of the HCI drivers BlueChat, which is a simple GUI based ‘chat’ program allowing the establishment of Bluetooth data and voice interface elements including RS232 and USB drivers & A persistent store manager, which organizes the storage links and the transfer of files and text. external connector, audio codec, external audio socket for a in Flash Rom of non volatile data such as the Bluetooth Available for Win 98, Win NT, Win 2000, Pocket PC and POSIX headset and internal connectors for PIO lines, audio PCM address, link key, product Ids etc stream & synchronous serial interfaces. BlueTest, which is the GUI used to put BlueCore A ‘virtual machine’ in which embedded application into its test modes for radio development or qualification The kit additionally includes 2x headsets, 2x RS232, programs may be run. These programs may be as Available for Win 98, Win NT, Win 2000 and Pocket PC 2x USB cables, 2x universal power supplies and 2x simple as flashing LEDs according to the mode of the moulded cases designed for desktop operation and BlueCore chip, or can be complete Bluetooth DFU Wizard, which is used to provide firmware connection to a serial or USB port of a PC. The lid of the profiles such as a headset or web server upgrades over the UART or USB link. It is fully compliant case is removable to allow access to the PIO, PCM and with the USB specification for DFU synchronous serial interfaces for embedded software Available for Win 98, Win NT and Win 2000 development. Each desktop unit that provides a complete Bluetooth endpoint is approximately 150mm x 130mm x 30mm. Additional end points with power supply are available as an upgrade to allow piconet evaluation and software development. 13 BlueLab Embedded Software Development Tools Third Party Sofware Tools Application Support CSR is developing a wide variety of industry partners. When you buy a Casira development kit you also get Many of these partners such as Mezoe, Extended the application support package which includes access BlueLab , provides a platform for customers who wish to write their own software Systems, Widcomm, Impulsesoft and others, supply to the secure part of the CSR web site where CSR applications running directly on the BlueCore chips. BlueLab software tools are offered as software and tool sets compatible with Casira. publish the most up to date version of the following as TM soon as they become available: a software upgrade to existing customers of the Casira development system. A selection of evaluation copies of these tools (on CDThe software environment allows customers to create on-chip programs in user space ROM) will be distributed with the Casira system. ensures that true, stand-alone, single chip applications can be developed on BlueCore Check www.csr.com for full details. Third Party Software Library functions Full applications and complete Bluetooth profiles on the BlueCore chip CSR containing the next generation of the BlueCore family. User Space BlueCore firmware BlueSuite host-side tools without the need to submit the protocol stack software components for re-certification. Casira is designed to allow the system to be upgraded with future modules supplied by Reference designs Application notes whilst maintaining the integrity of the pre-certified Bluetooth Protocol Stack Kernel. This The following Bluetooth software has been shown to Full software development toolset including a BlueCore compatible version of the be compatible with BlueCore01 and Casira. respected ‘GNU’ C compiler and a Windows driven source level debugger Interpreted User Application (written in ‘C’) CSR accepts no responsibility for 3rd party software. Set of library functions providing full access to a complete Bluetooth protocol stack Bluestack - Bluetooth host side protocol software, and on-chip hardware resources portable to a range of system platforms from Mezoe. Scheduler Protocol stack is pre-qualified running in a protected software environment MEM Manager RFCOMM SDP L2CAP DM Example applications and useful input/output routines eg Bluetooth ‘Headset Profile’ Bluestack Abstraction Software - Application developers compliant headset applications, mobile phone dongle ‘Headset Audio Gateway’,I2C toolkit from Mezoe. input/output driver, Audio sample player Full documentation and application resource code on CD-ROM Blue USB - Bluetooth protocol software for Windows Simple ‘Wizard’ based installation 98, Windows NT, Windows 2000 and Windows ME Access to support website www.csr.com/bluelab for continuous software updates, from Impulsesoft Inc. user forum, FAQ’s and support e-mail list Bluestack - Bluetooth host side protocol software, portable to a range of system platforms from Widcomm Inc. LM XTNDAccess Blue SDK - Bluetooth protocol software LC Bluetooth Protocol Stack Kernel suitable for a wide range of embedded and PC based platforms from Extended Systems Inc. 15 MicroSira - Low Cost Development Support for USB connected hosts CompactSira - Compact Flash Card MicroSira is a USB connected Bluetooth device featuring the MicroSira is supplied with a USB cable and companion CompactSira is a Type One Compact Flash format Using multiple units full piconet operation can be tested and BlueCore integrated circuit. With elegent desktop styling documentation and software on CD-ROM. expansion card featuring the BlueCore integrated circuit. evaluated. CompactSira can be used to develop host side This standard format card offers Class One Bluetooth stack software and to facilitate the porting of CSR’s BCSP and high Bluetooth performance MicroSira offers an excellent low cost developers platform. Using MicroSira, In addition to the USB connected and powered Bluetooth performance with adaptive power control for maximum HCI transport layer to a wide variety of processor and USB connected host side software can be developed unit MicroSira also offers: application flexibility. CompactSira is an excellent low cost operating system architectures. quickly for a wide variety of applications. Using multiple developers platform for PC or PDA based applications and units full piconet operation can be tested and evaluated. A fully Bluetooth Qualified protocol stack running on the embedded uses. Using CompactSira host side CompactSira is supplied with a Compact Flash to PC card The attractive appearance makes the units excellent for use BlueCore device software can be developed quickly for a wide variety of adapter, companion documentation and software on CD-ROM. as the basis of exhibition and customer demonstrations of uses. If the target of the development is an embedded Bluetooth software applications. MicroSira requires no The full host software suite from Casira including Bluetooth implementation, CompactSira can be used in the In addition to the Compact Flash format card CompactSira external power supply, is approved to v1.1 of the USB BlueChat PC enviroment to facilitate easy software development. also offers: specification and supports 12Mb/s operation on the USB interface. Once the target hardware is completed the Bluetooth Full documentation on CD-ROM Demonstration versions of Bluetooth protocol stacks functions can be provided by one of the low cost CSR A fully Bluetooth Qualified protocol stack running on the reference design modules with limited software driver BlueCore device changes needed. designed to operate under the Windows™ Operating The full host software suite from Casira including System BlueChat Access to a secure web site for MicroSira support Full documentation on CD-ROM with software updates, web forums and FAQ lists Access to a secure web site for CompactSira support with software updates, web forums and FAQ lists 17 Worldwide support network The BlueCore range is designed at CSR’s headquarters in Cambridge, UK, and supported worldwide by our network of sales offices, reps and distributors. To locate your nearest representative, check www.csr.com/contact or use the contact details below: © Copyright Cambridge Silicon Radio Ltd, May 2001. Specifications subject to change without notice. BlueCore™, Casira™ and BlueLab™ are trademarks of Cambridge Silicon Radio Ltd. Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks are acknowledged. BLUETOOTH is a trademark owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. Ref: LT05V02.0 Designed and printed in England by Technical Advertising CSR Cambridge Science Park Milton Road Cambridge CB4 OXL United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)1223 424 167 Fax: +44 (0)1223 424 178 [email protected] www.csr.com