Download File - My School Work

PREGNANCY
PREVENTION
&
Contraceptive Options
TEENAGE PREGNANCY
3 in 10 teen American girls will get pregnant at least once before age 20. That’s
nearly 750,000 teen pregnancies every year.
Almost 50% of teens have never considered how a pregnancy would affect their
lives.
Parenthood is the leading reason that teen girls drop out of school. More than
50% of teen mothers never graduate from high school.
Less than 2% of teen moms earn a college degree by age 30.
8 out of 10 teen dads don’t marry the mother of their child.
A sexually active teen who doesn’t use contraceptives has a 90% chance of
becoming pregnant within a year.
CONTRACEPTION
Contraception is the deliberate use of techniques in order to prevent pregnancy.
There are a number of contraceptive methods.
We can divide contraception methods into four categories:
-
Barrier Methods
-
Hormonal Methods
-
Behavioral Methods
-
Other Methods
Having sexual intercourse without any form of contraception is only acceptable if
pregnancy is desired.
WHAT CAN REDUCE THE
EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTRACEPTION?
Ignorance of the correct use of a method
Negative beliefs about using a method
Lack of partner involvement
Forgetfulness
Deciding that “this one time won’t matter”
PILL
Estrogen-Progestin Pi"s and Progestin-Only Pi"s
PATCH
Ortho Evra
VAGINAL RING
NuvaRing
INJECTION
Depo-Provera and Lune"e
IMPLANT
Implanon
IUD
Mirena and ParaGard
STERILIZATION
Vasectomy and Tubal Ligation
MALE CONDOMS
FEMALE CONDOMS
DIAPHRAGM W/ SPERMICIDE
STANDARD DAYS METHOD
WITHDRAWAL
OUTERCOURSE
ABSTINENCE
SOME QUESTIONS TO ASK WHEN
CHOOSING WHICH
CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD TO USE
How would an unplanned pregnancy affect my life?
How effective is each method of contraception?
How much money am I willing/able to spend on contraceptives?
How much does each method cost?
How at risk am I to contracting a Sexually Transmitted Infection?
Which contraception methods prevent STIs?
COMPARISONS IN COST OF
CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
Abstinence
Outercourse
Standard Days Method
Withdrawal
No Method
IUD - ParaGard
IUD - Mirena
Male Condoms
Diaphragm with Spermicide
Female Condom
Implant
Injection - Depo-Provera
Injection - Lunelle
Pill - Progestin-only
Pill - Estrogen-progestin
Patch
Vaginal Ring
Sterilization - Vasectomy**
Sterilization - Tubal Ligation**
$0
$800.00
$1,600.00
$2,400.00
$3,200.00
$4,000.00
Approximate Cost per Year for 100 Occurances of Intercourse
*IUDs, Implants, and Diaphragms all have higher initial costs than displayed here because they can be used for multiple years.
**Sterilization costs are high but the procedures are permanent so it is only a one time expense.
TYPICAL FAILURE RATE OF
CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
Abstinence
Outercourse
Implant
IUD - Mirena
Sterilization - Vasectomy
Injection - Lunelle
Sterilization - Tubal Ligation
Injection - Depo-Provera
IUD - ParaGuard
Pill - Progestin-only
Pill - Estrogen-progestin
Patch
Vaginal Ring
Standard Days Method
Diaphragm with Spermicide
Male Condom
Female Condom
Withdrawal
No Method
0
25
50
75
100
Number of Women (Out of 100) Who Typically Become Pregnant
*Some of the methods on this list are difficult to see (such as implant and IUD - Mirena) because the have very low failure rates.
The only methods with absolute zero failure rates are abstinence and outercourse.
CONTRACEPTION AND STI S
Most contraceptive methods provide NO protection from
STIs.
Both male and female condoms give some protection from
STIs.
Cervical barrier methods, such as a diaphragm, give some
protection from bacterial STIs.
The only method that guarantees protection from STIs is
abstinence.
THE ABC’S OF STI
PREVENTION
A - Abstinence: Sex is worth the wait. Abstinence is the best method to
preventing both pregnancy and STIs. Commit yourself to waiting until marriage.
If both partners “save themselves” for each other, there will be zero risk of
Sexually Transmitted Infections within the relationship.
B - Be faithful: Sex is best reserved for marriage, or for adults in committed
long-term relationships. Having multiple sexual partners is one of the strongest
predictors of becoming infected with an STI. Stay faithful to your partner, and no
one else, to avoid devastating infections.
C - Condom use: If you do choose to be sexually active, always wear a condom.
Using one can provide some protection from STIs, as well as helping to prevent
pregnancy.
SOURCES CITED
11 facts about teenage pregnancy. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.dosomething.org/facts/11-facts-about-teen-pregnancy
Crooks, R., & Baur, K. (2014). Our sexuality. (12 ed., pp. 284-287). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
12 types of birth control. [Web Photos]. Retrieved from http://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20354669,00.html
Condoms [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://dxline.info/img/new_ail/condoms_3.jpg
Depo-Provera [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://cdn2.blisstree.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/95417515.jpg
Standard Days Method [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_w0eqksHBmeQ/Sh7IQ0NezlI/AAAAAAAAAxA/
Cf4Gb9D-SWk/s1600/cyclebeads2nw=151&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0,i:79
Calendar [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.todayifoundout.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/calendar.jpg
Withdrawal Method [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://static.squarespace.com/static/51e46531e4b0b50a199639bd/t/
52e288dfe4b0efdbd063ddf6/1390577888615/couple-having-sex-under-the-sheets.jpg
Outercourse [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://walvengers.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/27.jpg
Abstinence [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-uq6L6GHGnfA/TcwxYk2EdhI/AAAAAAAAAm8/0MYOm8QclE0/
s1600/messagepic.jpg