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Chinese boxthorn Lycium chinense Solanaceae Common Names Chinese boxthorn, Chinese wolfberry, Chinese matrimony vine (En); lyciet de Chine (Fr); palo de gallina (Sp); 枸杞, 葉用枸杞 (Cn) Plant Distribution East, Southeast, and South Asia Botanical Features Erect perennial, deciduous; stems thick, 0.5-1(-2) m tall; branches long arching or prostrate, with thorns; leaves alternate, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, up to 7 cm long, in tight clusters; leaf blades thick and grayish; flowers usually 2-8 at a node, 1 cm long, funnel-form, corolla purplish; fruit (berries) scarlet or orange, egg-shaped or oblong, up to 2 cm long; seeds numerous, yellow, 2.5-3 mm. Leaves 156 Environmental Factors Light requirement: full sun; temperature requirement: warm; preferred soil type: fertile sandy loam; tolerance: shade; sensitivity: flooding. Flower 157 Production Methods System: home gardening, monocropping; planting material: cuttings, sometimes seeds; planting method: transplanting; irrigation: frequent; priority fertilizer: organic matter, nitrogen; crop management: free standing, side dressing at peak harvest; planting to 1 st harvest: 50-60 days; harvesting: weekly for leaves, biweekly for fruit; yield: 2-4 t/ha for leaves. Mature berries 158 Edible Parts Young leaves are used fresh in salad, stir-fried with other food items, or in soup; berries used fresh or cooked with other food items, or dried to make into a beverage. Health Values Beta-carotene: extremely high in leaves; vitamin E: high in leaves; riboflavin: low in fruit; folic acid: medium in leaves; ascorbic acid: medium in leaves; calcium: medium in leaves and fruit; iron: high in leaves, medium in fruit; protein: 3.0-6.0% in leaves. The berry improves eyesight and enhances immune system function, and is a rich source of zeaxanthin. Seeds Field production 159