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OctoberNovember 2010 Layne A. Langley Extension Agent Family Nutrition Program and Family & Consumer Sciences Can You Eat Your Jack-o-lantern Pumpkin? It is fall and thoughts turn to pumpkin pie and to Halloween jack-o-lanterns. But, can you use a pumpkin for BOTH a jack-o-lantern AND for eating? Perhaps, you have some pumpkins leftover from Halloween. If so, have you thought of ways to use them? Pumpkin pie tastes great this time of year and is also an excellent source of nutrients. "The bright orange color of pumpkin is a dead giveaway that pumpkin is loaded with an important antioxidant, beta-carotene," according to the University of Illinois Cooperative Extension. "Current research indicates that a diet rich in foods containing beta-carotene may reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancer and offers protect against heart disease. Beta-carotene offers protection against other diseases as well as some degenerative aspects of aging." Here are some tips from the University of Illinois on preparing a pumpkin for making pumpkin pie. Work on a clean surface. Before cutting, wash the outer surface of the pumpkin thoroughly with cool tap water to remove any surface dirt that could be transferred to the inside of the pumpkin during cutting. Preparing the Pumpkin Start by removing the stem with a sharp knife. Cut in half with a sharp knife. In any case, remove the stem and scoop out the seeds and scrape away all of the stringy mass. A messy job, but it will pay off. Cooking the Pumpkin Boiling/Steaming Method: Cut the pumpkin into rather large chunks. Rinse in cold water. Place pieces in a large pot with about a cup of water. The water does not need to cover the pumpkin pieces. Cover the pot and boil 20 to 30 minutes or until tender, or steam 10 to 12 minutes. Check for doneness by poking with a fork. Drain the cooked pumpkin in a colander. Reserve the liquid to use as a base for soup. Follow the steps outlined below in Preparing the Puree. Oven Method: Cut pumpkin in half, scraping away stringy mass and seeds. Rinse under cold water. Place pumpkin, cut side down on a large cookie sheet. Bake at 350 degrees F for one hour or until fork tender. Then follow the procedure outlined below in Preparing the Puree. Microwave Method: Cut pumpkin in half, place cut side down on a microwave safe plate or tray. Microwave on high for 15 minutes, check for doneness. If necessary continue cooking at 1-2 minute intervals until fork tender. Continue as outlined below in Preparing the Puree. Preparing the Puree When the pumpkin is cool enough to handle, remove the peel using a small sharp knife and your fingers. Put the peeled pumpkin in a food processor and puree or use a food mill, ricer, strainer or potato masher to form a puree. Pumpkin puree freezes well. To freeze, measure cooled puree into one cup portions, place in ridged freezer containers, leaving 1/2-inch headspace or pack into zip closure bags. Label, date, and freeze at 0 degrees F for up to one year. Use this puree in recipes or substitute in the same amount in any recipe calling for solid pack canned pumpkin. Another tradition around Halloween is drying and roasting pumpkin seeds. Drying seeds and roasting seeds are two different processes. To dry seeds: Carefully wash pumpkin seeds to remove the fibrous pumpkin tissue. You can dry the seeds in a dehydrator at 115 to 120 degrees F for 1 to 2 hours or in an oven on warm for 3 to 4 hours. Stir them frequently to prevent scorching. To roast seeds: Take the dried pumpkin seeds and toss with oil and salt and roast in a preheated oven at 250 degrees F for 10 to 15 minutes. Sources: Alice Henneman, University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension in Lancaster County and Susan Reynolds, Florida Cooperative Extension Service October is National Family Health Month “Family Health Month” is a month-long campaign where family physicians urge everyone to take a closer look at their health by conducting a personal health inventory. Although October is slated as Family Health Month, this campaign should actually be a year-long initiative. In addition to encouraging people to take a closer look at their families’ eating habits, physical fitness, stress and mental health, the focus is also on alerting families to be aware of the hazards of tobacco and alcohol use as well as possible hazards in the home. Your health and your family’s health should be a top priority. All of the major causes of illness and death - cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung disease and injury--may be prevented by things you do. The following areas should help enable you to take a closer look at your and your family’s overall health, including eating habits, physical fitness, mental health, and use of tobacco or alcohol. 2 Proper Nutrition: Do you eat a balanced diet? See that your family eats appropriately. Heart disease, some cancers, stroke, diabetes and damage to your arteries can be linked to what you eat. Fiber, fruits and vegetables can help reduce your risk of some cancers. Physical Fitness: Does your body feel in tune? Keep your family's bodies in tune. Exercise can help prevent heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, osteoporosis, depression and, possibly, colon cancer, stroke and back injury. You will also feel better and keep your weight under control if you exercise regularly. Lose Weight if Overweight: Are you carrying too much weight? Carrying too much weight increases your risk for high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, some cancers, gallbladder disease and arthritis in the weight-bearing joints (like the spine, hips or knees). A high-fiber, lowfat diet and regular exercise can help you lose weight gradually and help you keep it off. Stress: Do you feel pressured? Pay attention to your family's mental and spiritual health. Hazards: Is your home safe for young and old? Control hazards in your home and reduce the health risks. Disease: Are immunizations up to date in your household? Schedule periodic health screening exams and immunizations for your family. Tobacco: Do you use tobacco? Healthy life-style habits play a major role in preventing illness. Using tobacco is one of the most dangerous things you can do. More preventable illnesses are caused by tobacco than by anything else. Alcohol: Do you drink too much? Again, healthy life-style habits play a major role in preventing illness. Limit how much alcohol you drink. Too much alcohol can damage the liver and contribute to some cancers, such as throat and liver cancer. Partnership for Health: Do you have a regular doctor? Family physicians are experts in helping you set up the personal health program that not only gets you healthy but keeps you healthy. Establish a partnership for health with your family physician. Healthy families also all have one thing in common: THEY TALK. Families need to communicate. Many families are too busy to talk about health issues and concerns until there is a problem with a family member or there is a major illness. Communication is key to early detection and prevention for illness and injury. Communication is important for many reasons. Too many people think that the only time to discuss something is when there is a problem, so they don’t work at daily conversations about general life. 3 If conversation is part of family life, it becomes easy and while it may still be tough to talk about some things, it won’t be impossible. Take time to talk to your family members and your family physician about your health and your family’s health. If you are aware and know your family health history and your risk factors, you can help yourself stay well with preventive health care. Don’t let your family health get lost in the chaos of everyday life—make a commitment to communicate and be healthy and well! Source: Tess Thompson Lung Health Did you know that the average adult takes 15 to 20 breaths a minute? That is over 20,000 breaths a day. Your respiratory system, which includes the nose, throat, windpipe (trachea) and lungs, brings air into the body when you breathe. In the lungs, the oxygen from each breath is transferred to the bloodstream and sent to all the body's cells as life-sustaining fuel. Keeping your lungs healthy is an important part of an overall healthy lifestyle. Lung cancer is the second-most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women. And, it is still the most common cause of cancer death. Asthma is another lung disease that makes breathing difficult for nearly 23 million Americans, including 7 million children. COPD (also known as emphysema and chronic bronchitis) is a very serious disease and the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. The good news is that COPD is often preventable and treatable. Protecting Your Lungs The lungs are different from most of the other organs in your body because their delicate tissues are directly connected to the outside environment. Anything you breathe in can affect your lungs. Germs, tobacco smoke, and other harmful substances can cause damage to your airways and threaten the lungs ability to work properly. Your body has a natural defense system designed to protect the lungs. This works very well most of the time to keep out dirt and fight off germs. But there are some important things you can do to reduce your risk of lung disease. ▪ Don’t smoke: Cigarette smoking is the major cause of COPD and lung cancer. Cigarette smoke can narrow the air passages and make breathing more difficult. It causes chronic inflammation or swelling in the lung. This can lead to chronic bronchitis. Over time cigarette smoke destroys lung tissue, and may trigger changes that grow into cancer.. 4 ▪ Avoid exposure to pollutants that can damage your lungs: Secondhand smoke, outdoor air pollution, and chemicals in the home and workplace can all cause or worsen lung disease. Make your home and car smoke-free. Avoid exercising outdoors on bad air days. ▪ Prevent infection: A cold or other respiratory infection can sometimes become very serious. There are several things you can do to protect yourself: -Wash your hands often with soap and water. Alcohol-based cleaners are a good substitute if you cannot wash. -Avoid crowds during the cold and flu season. -Good oral hygiene can protect you from the germs in your mouth leading to infections. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and see your dentist at least every 6 months. -Get vaccinated every year against influenza. -If you get sick, keep it to yourself! Protect the people around you, including your loved ones, by keeping your distance. Warning Signs of Lung Disease If you have any of these warning signs or symptoms, tell your healthcare provider as soon as possible. ▪ Chronic Cough - A cough that you have had for a month is chronic. This is an important early symptom. It tells you something is wrong with your respiratory system. ▪ Shortness of Breath - Shortness of breath that doesn’t go away after exercising, or that you have after little or no exertion, is not normal. Labored or difficult breathing – the feeling that it is hard to breathe in or breathe out - is also a warning sign. ▪ Chronic Mucus Production - Mucus, also called sputum or phlegm, is produced by the airways. It is a defense response to infections or irritants. If your mucus production has lasted a month, this could indicate lung disease. ▪ Wheezing - Noisy breathing or wheezing is a sign that something unusual is blocking your lungs’ airways or making them too narrow. ▪ Coughing Up Blood - If you are coughing up blood, the blood may be coming from your lungs or upper respiratory tract. Whatever the source of the blood, it is a sign of a health problem. ▪ Chronic Chest Pain – Unexplained chest pain that lasts for a month or more – especially if it gets worse when you breathe in or cough – can also be a warning sign. Contact the Lung Help Line for answers to lung health questions. 1-800LUNGUSA (586-4872) Monday – Friday 7am – 7 pm. Source: American Lung Association 5 Pasta-licious!!!! Refined (or processed) grains have seen their share of negative news headlines lately. With so many talking heads vilifying "white carbs," it's easy to be confused. To set the facts straight, we turn to science, where the unique health benefits of pasta are supported by sound research. Nutrition experts routinely recommend a balance of both whole and enriched grains to ensure a nutritionally complete diet that provides the essential vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients. (Phytonutrients are the health-protective substances in plant foods – fruits, vegetables and grains – that promote health and help reduce risk of chronic disease.) Pasta is a perfect foundation for healthy, nutritious and satisfying meals: Pasta is generally eaten with nutrient-dense food partners, such as fiber-filled vegetables and beans, heart healthy fish and monounsaturated oils, antioxidant-rich tomato sauce and protein-packed cheese, poultry and lean meats. More facts you didn’t know about pasta: *Carbohydrates like pasta provide glucose, the crucial fuel for your brain and muscles. Pasta is an excellent source of complex carbohydrates, which provide a slow release of energy. Unlike simple sugars that offer a quick, yet fleeting boost of energy, pasta helps sustain energy. Pasta is very low in sodium and cholesterol-free. Per cup, enriched varieties provide a good source of several essential nutrients, including iron and several B-vitamins. Whole wheat pasta can provide up to 25% of daily fiber requirements in every one cup portion. *Enriched pasta is fortified with folic acid – essential for women of child-bearing age. FDA regulations require enriched grain products to contain this essential vitamin. A serving of dry pasta supplies the equivalent of roughly 100 micrograms of folic acid, or 25% of the recommended daily intake. *Pasta is part of a well-balanced diet. Current dietary guidance calls for up to 65% of daily calories to come from carbohydrates. *It’s a fact: reducing calories, not carbohydrates, helps you lose weight. Studies show there are no significant differences in weight loss over the long term between lowcarbohydrate diets and those considered “high” carbohydrate when dieters achieved similar calorie reductions. 6 *Pasta has a low Glycemic Index (GI) so it does not cause sugar in the blood to rise quickly. The GI measures how rapidly a carbohydrate triggers a rise in blood sugar – the higher the number, the greater the blood sugar response. Pasta FAQ’s Is pasta fattening? Weight gain cannot be blamed on any single food or food group. Eating too much of any food can make you gain weight. The reality is that all calories count. Even if you eat large amounts of fat-free foods, you may find yourself gaining weight. There is no “magic diet” - the key is to eat all foods in moderate portions, and in the context of an overall healthy diet coupled with regular exercise. Should I rinse the pasta after I drain it? The only time you should rinse pasta after draining is when you are going to use it in a cold dish, or when you are not going to sauce and serve it immediately. In those cases, rinse the pasta under cold water to stop the cooking process, and drain well. How much cooked pasta does one pound of dry pasta make? It depends on which shape you're cooking, but you'll get a pretty close idea from this chart: Type of pasta Uncooked weight = Cooked amount Small to medium pasta shapes (Elbow Macaroni, Medium Shells, Rotini, Twists, Spirals, Wagon Wheels, Bow Ties, Mostaccioli, Penne, Radiatore, Rigatoni) 8 oz. uncooked = 4 cups cooked Long pasta shapes (Spaghetti, Angel Hair, Linguine, Vermicelli, Fettuccine) 8 oz. uncooked or 1 1/2 inch diameter bunch = 4 cups cooked Egg Noodles = 2 1/2 cups cooked 8 oz. uncooked How should I store pasta? Uncooked Pasta Store uncooked, dry pasta in your cupboard for up to one year. Keep in a cool, dry place. Follow the "first-in, first-out" rule: Use up packages you have had the longest before opening the new packages. 7 Cooked Pasta Refrigerate cooked pasta in an airtight container for 3 to 5 days. You may add a little oil (1-2 tsp. for each pound of cooked pasta) to help keep it from sticking. Because cooked pasta will continue to absorb flavors and oils from sauces, store cooked pasta separately from sauce. Freezing Pasta The best pasta shapes for freezing are those that are used in baked recipes, such as: lasagna, jumbo shells, ziti and manicotti. You'll have better results if you prepare the recipe and freeze it before baking. To bake, thaw the dish to room temperature and bake as the recipe directs. Source: Ilovepasta.org Fall is the Season for Apples An Apple a Day… Fall is the time of year when we start to look forward to cooler weather and to the leaves on the trees changing to beautiful bright reds, yellows and oranges. It is also the time of the year for harvesting the many varieties of apples. About 2,500 varieties of apples are grown in the United States and 100 varieties grown commercially. A member of the rose family, apples come in a variety of colors. They come in all shades of reds, greens, and yellows. Some apples are more suited for baking and cooking, while others perform better as snacks. A variety of health benefits also comes in this very tasty fruit. As early as medieval times, apples and products made from apples have been used for their health benefits. The saying, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away,” is the modern version of the Old English saying, “Ate an apfel avore gwain to bed makes the doctor beg his bread.” So how do apples actually keep the doctor away? And why doesn’t the old saying apply to bananas, or oranges or even pears? Apples have many properties that no other fruits have, and its benefits have been proven over time. These benefits can be found individually in other fruits, but the apple is a compact source of these benefits. Eaten with the skin, an apple is a portable package of nutrients. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005 recommends that we eat more fruits and veggies than any other food group — for adults, that's 3½ to 6½ cups (7 to 13 servings) daily for better health. Fresh apples, and processed apple foods like unsweetened applesauce and 100% apple juice or cider, are simple ways to add more to any meal. 8 Eating five apples or more per week has shown to lower the risk of respiratory problems like asthma. The abundance of flavonoids (a type of pigment in apples that helps provide their color) in apples can help prevent heart disease. Apples help protect arteries from plaque build-up. Apples contain phenols, which help lower LDL (bad) cholesterol and increase HDL (good) cholesterol. The pectin in apples is a soluble fiber that also helps lower LDL cholesterol. Lowering cholesterol levels helps reduce the risk of hardening of the arteries, heart attack and stroke. The flavonoids in apples also have been shown to help protect against cancers, including colon, prostate and lung and breast cancer in women. Phytonutrients found in apples helps to protect the brain from age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Apples help prevent tooth decay, which is caused from a breakdown of the enamel on the teeth by bacteria. The juice of an apple has properties that can kill up to 80 percent of bacteria. Apples, including the skin, have been shown to help lower the risk of type 2 diabetes. The soluble and insoluble fibers in apples help relieve constipation, thus preventing diverticulosis and colon cancer. A raw medium apple (2 1/2 inches in diameter), eaten with the skin, is low in fat and calories and high in vitamins and minerals. It has only 80 calories, 5 grams of fiber and 6 percent of potassium. It also contains calcium, phosphorus, iron and vitamins C and A. The apple contains about 80-85 percent water, 5 percent protein and 10-15 percent carbohydrates. It is sodium and fat free! To get all the benefits that an apple has to offer, be sure to eat the skin – after washing thoroughly, of course. The apple skin alone provides two to six times the antioxidants than the flesh. Antioxidants are substances and nutrients found in some foods that can prevent damage to your body cells or repair damage that has already been done. So, now that you see how healthy apples are why not add some to your shopping cart on your next visit to the grocery store or market. For more information about apples, including a brochure, Apple Bites, and recipes, contact the WBR Extension Service at 225/336-2416. Sources: Nutrition News LSU AgCenter and SU AgCenter, A Community Nutrition Programs Newsletter and usapple.org 9 Fiber Up on Popcorn Whether you make it sweet, savory or salty, plain or pumped up, you will join your fellow Americans in consuming some 16 billion quarts this year. The average American eats about 54 quarts. Why do we love popcorn? How can we not? Popcorn is the fun food we eat when we are happy. It is the simple pleasures food that reminds us to slow down. And it is the economical food costing mere pennies per serving. Popcorn is a wholesome, fun food which aids digestion by providing necessary roughage, also known as fiber. Health and medical associations regard popcorn as an excellent mealtime complement--sugar-free, fat-free and low in calories. The National Cancer Institute (NCI), the federal government's cancer prevention agency, suggests fiber in the diet to reduce the risk of some forms of cancer and the American Dietetic Association recommends popcorn as a high fiber snack food in their list of "10 Great Ways to Fiber Up!" The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research list popcorn as a smart, low/no-sugar snack. The American Diabetes Association and the American Dietetic Association permit popcorn as a starch exchange on weight-control diets, and the Feingold Diet for hyperactive children permits popcorn because it contains no artificial additives. The experts agree. Popcorn is all-around "good" food-healthy, economical, and tasty. While Popcorn is a healthful and delicious snacking choice when prepared with low-fat ingredients, it is never recommended for infants or toddlers, as the kernels pose a (choking) threat to their safety. TRUE or FALSE…Popcorn is a whole grain food. Whole grains get two thumbs up from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) who recently announced new guidelines for healthier lifestyles. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005 provides information and advice for choosing a nutritious diet. Among its recommendations is to make the most of each calorie you consume, choosing “good-for-you” foods, like whole grains. Whole grains contain the entire grain kernel -- the bran, germ, and endosperm. Refined grains have been milled, a process that removes the bran and germ. This is done to give grains a finer texture and improve their shelf life, but is also removes dietary fiber, iron, and many B vitamins. Because whole grains keep their dietary fiber they play a key role in keeping bodies healthy. 10 Studies have shown that whole grains may help reduce the risk of developing many major diseases including heart disease, cholesterol, diabetes, obesity and certain cancers. Whole grains are low glycemic carbohydrates which means lower blood sugar and less insulin production. Whole grains are a source of fiber, which grabs onto toxins as it makes its way through the digestive system. And fiber slows digestion making you feel fuller longer. Today’s new health guidelines recommend at least half your daily intake of grains should come from whole grains; that is, try to eat at least three servings of whole-grain products each day. If hunger strikes and mealtime is hours away, grab a whole grain snack, like popcorn, to stop those pangs while supplying your body with needed nutrients. *It’s true! Popcorn is a whole grain food which makes it a high-quality carbohydrate source that is not only low in calories, but a good source of fiber. This means it takes longer to chew and makes you feel full longer. Compared to many snack foods, popcorn is low in calories. Air-popped popcorn provides only 30 calories per cup. When oil-popped, it contains only 55 calories. Even drizzled lightly with butter, it's only 90 to 120 calories per cup. Three cups of popcorn counts as 1 ounce equivalent whole grains. So, why not top soup or salad with popped popcorn, season plain popcorn with garlic powder or seasoning salt, or combine popcorn with dried fruit and nuts to create your own custom snack mix or try one of these popcorn recipes: White Chocolate Peppermint Popcorn Bark Yield: 1 pound Ingredients • 5 cups popped popcorn • 12 ounces white chocolate baking chips, chopped white chocolate or white candy coating • 1 cup crushed hard candy peppermints Directions 1. Cover a baking pan with foil or wax paper; set aside. 2. Place popcorn in a large bowl; set aside. 3. Melt chocolate in a double boiler over barely simmering water, stirring until smooth OR melt according to package directions. 4. Stir in crushed peppermints after chocolate is melted. 5. Pour chocolate mixture over popcorn mixture and stir to coat. 11 6. Spread onto prepared pan; allow to cool completely. 7. When chocolate is cooled and set, break into chunks for serving. Store in an air-tight container at room temperature. Notes Variation: White Chocolate Popcorn Crunch: 1. Omit candy peppermints. 2. Mix ½ cup dried sweetened cranberries and ½ cup sliced almonds with the popcorn. Pour chocolate over the mixture after it is melted. Gingersnap Popcorn Snack Mix Yield: 2 quarts Ingredients • 2 quarts popped popcorn • Butter flavored cooking spray • 1/3 cup granulated sugar substitute • 2 teaspoon ground ginger • 1/2 teaspoon freshly ground nutmeg • 1/4 teaspoon cinnamon • 1/4 teaspoon ground cloves • 1/8 teaspoon freshly ground black or white pepper Directions 1. Preheat oven to 325° F. 2. Spread popcorn on baking sheet and spray lightly with the cooking spray. 3. Combine remaining ingredients in a small bowl and sprinkle evenly over popcorn. 4. Spray again with cooking spray and toss to coat evenly. 5. Bake 7 minutes and serve warm. Source: popcorn.org 12 The Little Bookshelf Grant Comes to Pointe Coupee, West Baton Rouge and Iberville Parishes The Little Bookshelf Grant comes to Pointe Coupee, West Baton Rouge, and Iberville Parishes. The LSU AgCenter tri-parish Family & Consumer Sciences (FCS) Agents have received a bookshelf grant titled “Books for Babies” funded through the Louisiana Children’s Trust Fund. The LSU AgCenter Books for Babies Program will kick off this December at your parish health unit office. The bookshelf program is designed to help parents foster a love of reading to their child from birth. The goal of the Books for Babies Program is for parents to develop the foundation for literacy by reading to their children daily during the earliest years of the child’s life. The LSU AgCenter provides participating parents a small library of 12 infant-appropriate books (one a month) and a small bookshelf during their child’s first year of life. Parents will also receive the book What to Do When Your Child Gets Sick and monthly tips on reading daily to their baby. If you or someone you know is a parent of a new infant who would like to participate in the Books for Babies Program, contact your parish health unit. The program is available to all parents of new infants regardless of income. There is a limit of 75 parents per parish so sign up early. Check with you parish Health Unit for the date of your Books for Babies kickoff celebration. If you have any questions about the Books for Babies Program, contact the Pointe Coupee Parish FCS Agent, Monica Olinde at 225/638-5533, West Baton Rouge Parish FCS Agent, Layne Langley at 225/336-2416, or the Iberville Parish FCS Agent, Deborah Young at 225/687-5155. For the latest research-based information on just about anything, visit our web site: www.LSUAgCenter.com LSU AgCenter Cooperative Extension Service West Baton Rouge Parish 210 Turner Road Port Allen, LA 70767 For additional information or comments, contact: Visit our Web site: www.lsuagcenter.com Layne Langley, Agent Family Nutrition Program and Family & Consumer Sciences Cooperative Extension Service West Baton Rouge Parish 210 Turner Road Port Allen, Louisiana 70767 Office: 225-336-2416 [email protected]