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MAJOR WORLD RELIGIONS No religious discussions allowed only factual information concerning the major world religions will be discussed 7 Major World Religions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 5 Categories of Religions ______________ - belief in 1 god Polytheism - belief in _____________ than 1 god Non-theistic - does not _____________ any god Atheism - belief there is no _______________ Animism - worship of ______________ of _________________ _______________ Americans Proselytize - try to _____________ someone to your religion Religion A set of __________shared by a people group & the ______________ used to express those beliefs _______________ through migration, missionary work, trade, & war Hinduism Hindu is the world’s _____________ religion It is the major religion of ___________ Hindus worship _____________ gods, which represent different forms of ____________ the most _________________ in the religion Hinduism stresses that a person has true enlightenment when the ______ themselves from earthly desires True Enlightenment is achieved through _____________ and ____________ acts A holy site is the_____________ River in India People go to bathe in the water because it will ____________them _____________ (Spiritual leaders) spread much of the Hindu religion Gurus are believed to have had the gods’ words ______________ to them They also ____________ to villages and _____________ the religion to those who cannot read Book they follow is the ____________ Hindus each spring celebrate the festival of ______, which is a tribute to Shiva, one of the leading Hindu gods Shiva _____________ the world so he can ___________ it Ganesha Lord of ___________ (Hindus) & ____________ of evils & _____________ He represents the perfect _______________ between force and kindness and between power and beauty Believe the _______________ contains many heavens & hells People are ________________ or _______________ the form that a person takes when they are reborn is _____________ of how they lived their life The Ganges River is believed to be the holy river that can ______________ people Confucianism It is more of a _____________ than a ______________ It is based on the ___________ of a Chinese scholar names Confucius which were grounded in _________ or good, ___________behavior It stresses ____________ and ____________ responsibility Confucius was a teacher so in this culture teachers are regarded ____________ ____________ celebrates Confucius’ birthday on __________________, known as Teachers’ Day The religious practice of is ______________ ancestors Some build shrines and temples for ________________ others offer prayers, and some eat a meal believing ______________ can taste it Confucius says (__________) Before you seek revenge, dig _______ graves When __________ rises, think of consequences Wheresoever you go, go with all your ____________ Have no friends not equal to _____________ It does not matter how ____________ you go so as long as you do not ___________ ___________ the past if you would define the future What you do not want done to ____________, do not do to ___________ Buddhism Buddhism is mainly is ___________ and East ____________ It is the teachings of ______________, known as the _____________ Siddhartha ____________, called Buddha, created the religion Book they follow is the _____________ Mahaboghi temple inBodhgava India, where Gautama Buddha attained ____________ under the Bodhi Tree Buddha preached that the key to _____________ was to free yourself from all __________ possessions Buddhists monks and nuns are expected to lead a life of ______________ Monks carry begging bowls so they can learn _____________ and beg for money & food Many believe in ___________ (everything comes back to life) Want to end _____________ in the world by approaching ____________ Believe that you must understand the four ___________ truths & _______________ path Life as we know it ultimately is or leads to suffering/uneasiness (dukkha) in one way or another Suffering is caused by _____________ ______________ ends when craving ends (achieved by eliminating delusion) & reaching a liberated state of Enlightenment Reaching this liberated state is achieved by following the ____________ laid out by the Buddha Prajna - __________ that purifies the mind, allowing it to attain spiritual insight into the true nature of all things dṛṣṭi (ditthi): viewing ____________ as it is, not just as it appears to be saṃkalpa (sankappa): intention of renunciation, freedom and harmlessness Sila - the ethics or morality, or abstention from _______________ deeds vāc (vāca): speaking in a ______________ & non-hurtful way karman (kammanta): _____________ in a non-harmful way ājīvana (ājīva): a non-harmful ________________ Samadhi - the _____________ discipline required to develop mastery over one's own mind. Done through the practice of various contemplative & _________________ practices vyāyāma (vāyāma): making an effort to ________________ smṛti (sati): awareness to ________________ things for what they are with clear consciousness, being aware of the present reality within oneself, without any craving or aversion samādhi (samādhi): correct meditation or concentration, explained as the first four jhanas The practice of the __________________ is understood in two ways as requiring either simultaneous development (all eight items practiced in _____________) a ______________ series of stages through which the practitioner moves, the culmination of one leading to the ____________ of another Islam Believe that they must live their lives by the ________________ 5 Pillars are group ___________, praying ____________ times a day, ___________ during Ramadan, ____________, & pilgrimage to ___________ (Hajj) Leader is “______________” which refers to the one God Follow the teachings of the ________________ ______________ - which is the basic creed of Islam that must be _______________ under oath with the specific statement: "I testify that there is none worthy of worship except God and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of God" Salah, or ritual prayer, which must be performed ___________ times a day Sawm - fasting during the month of _______________ Muslims must not _________ or __________ from ____________ to __________ during this month, and must be mindful of other sins Zakat - or alms-giving, which is giving a fixed ___________ of accumulated _____________ by those who can afford it to help the poor or needy, and also to assist the spread of Islam The Hajj - which is the _____________ during the Islamic month of Dhu al-Hijjah in the city of Mecca Every able-bodied Muslim who can afford it must make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least ________________ in his or her lifetime Believe God came to speak to ______________ in Mecca Muhammad ______________ that people should turn away from sin and worship the one true God His followers believe that he is a prophet or ________________ Islamic Law “________________” literally "the path leading to the watering place" is Islamic law formed by traditional Islamic scholarship, which most Muslim groups ______________- to In Islam, Sharia is the expression of the divine _____________, and "constitutes a system of _______________that are incumbent upon a Muslim by virtue of his religious belief ____________ - religious ____________ of Muslims (often considered the 6th pillar) Muslims use the word in a religious context to refer to _______________ types of struggles an internal struggle to maintain ______________, the struggle to improve the Muslim society, or the struggle in a _____________-war It can simply mean striving to live a ____________ and virtuous life, spreading and defending Islam as well as fighting injustice and _______________ Judaism Religious _____________ of the Jewish people Follow the _______________ (Hebrew Bible) Believe in God, but do not believe that Jesus was the ___________ sent to save the people from their sins They are still ______________ for the prophet to come and save all people According to Jewish thought, God established a covenant with the Jewish people, then known as the Israelites, & revealed his laws and commandments to them in the form of the ______________ Jewish practice is devoted to the ___________ and _____________ of these laws & commandments, as they are interpreted according to various ancient & modern authorities (___________ Principles of Faith) God _______________ God is one and unique God is incorporeal God is ____________ _____________ is to be directed to God alone & to no other The words of the prophets are true Moses' ______________ are true, and Moses was the greatest of the prophets The Written ______________ (first 5 books of the Bible) & Oral Torah were given to Moses There will be no other Torah (Bible) God knows the ____________ and ______________ of men God will reward the good & punish the wicked The _____________ will come The dead will be _______________ Sikhism Believe in one God and do not ___________________ based on class, color, or gender "Realisation of Truth is higher than all else. Higher still is truthful living“ See God in ________________ Follow the teachings of ____________ from the scriptures of the ________________ Guru Nanak founded & formalised the _____________ pillars of Sikhism ____________ on God through reciting, chanting, singing & constant remembrance followed by deep study & comprehension of God’s Name & virtues Live a life founded on decency immersed in _________________ One must be part of a community that is living the flawless objective ____________ set out by the Sikh Gurus Guru Nanak’s main contributions were Equality of ___________ Equality of _____________ ______________ message for all people Christianity Christianity (from the Ancient Greek word Χριστός, Khristos) "Christ", is a ________________ religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in canonical gospels Christianity teaches Jesus is the Son of God, God having become human and the ___________ of humanity Believe that Jesus was the Son of God & he was sent to __________ all people from their ___________ Believe that if you ____________ in Jesus & accept him as your Savior you will live _______________ ________________ based on times in Christ’s life Most ___________ religion in the world Catholic Protestant (sometimes referred to as Baptist) Eastern Orthodox (Europe & Russia) St. Peter's Basilica - a late _________________ church located within the ______________ City St. Peter's Basilica has the largest _____________of any Christian church in the world, holding ________________ people Regarded as one of the _____________Catholic sites It has been described as "holding a unique position in the Christian world" & as "the _________________ of all churches of Christendom"