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Chapter 7: Electricity
Learning Target
Vocabulary Word
Definition
Facts or Examples
If a _______ (+ charge)
and ___________
(- charge) come
together, they will
_______________.
If 2 electrons come close
together they will
______________.
Lesson 1
I can explain how
electric charges and
fields interact. . .
electricity
the interaction
between
______________
______________
electric force
the force between
___________ objects
electric field
I can describe how
static electricity
builds up and
transfers . . .
static electricity
A region around a
charged object where
the object's _________
__________ is exerted
on other
______________ objects.
The ___________ of
charges on an object.
Charges build up but
do not flow
_________________.
When you rub a
balloon, it becomes
____________ charged.
The electric field is __________.
Electric fields and forces get
___________ the farther away
they are from the charge.
There are 4 methods by
which charges can
redistribute themselves to
build up static electricity:
friction, conduction,
induction & polarizaton.
Symbol/Picture
Conservation of
charge
friction
conduction
induction
polarization
charges are neither
______________ or
_______________
If one object loses electrons,
another object must
_______________________.
transfer of electrons
from one ____________
object to another by
_____________ the
objects together.
The object that gains
electrons becomes
________________ charged.
The transfer of
electrons from one
object to another by
____________ contact
or _______________.
Electrons flow from the object
that has more ____________
charge to the object that has
more _________________ charge.
Electrons can
____________ to the
electric field without
______________ the
object
When a metal object is close
to a negatively charged
object, electrons are
_____________ by the field and
move _______ from it. The
close end becomes
______________ charged.
Electrons react to
___________ __________
resulting in individual
atoms having charged
__________ that are
attracted to
charged objects.
static discharge
The ___________ of
static electricity as
electric charges
____________ from one
object to another.
Static discharge often
produces a ___________,
which happens more in the
winter because the air is dry.
Ex. lightning
Lesson 2
I can explain how an
electric current is
produced . . .
I can explain how
conductors are
different from
insulators . . .
I can explain what
causes current to flow
and how resistance
affects current . . .
Current is measured in
______________ (amp or A).
The number of amps
describes the amount of
charge flowing past a given
point each ______________.
electric current
The continuous flow of
electric charges
through a
__________________.
electric circuit
A complete
_______________ path
that charges can flow
through.
If an electric circuit is broken,
charges _________________
flow.
conductor
A material through
which charge can
flow _______________.
Metals, such as ____________,
are good conductors
because electrons can move
freely.
insulators
________________ allow
charges to flow
Example = ________________.
Electrons in insulators cannot
move freely among atoms.
voltage
The difference in
____________ energy
per charge between
_____________ points in
a circuit.
resistance
Diameter &
resistance
The
____________ the
wire, the less
resistance.
The measure of how
_______________it is for
charges to flow
through an object.
The ________________ the
resistance, the ___________
current there is for a given
voltage. Measured in ohms __
Length & resistance
Material & resistance
The four factors that
determine the resistance
are _________________,
_______________, material,
and ____________________.
Temperature & resistance
The __________ the
wire, the more
resistance. The shorter
the wire the less
resistance.
Conductors like metals have
_____________ resistance.
Insulators like rubber and
plastic have
_________________ resistance.
The ________________ the
temperature, the more
resistance. The
______________ the temp,
the less resistance.
Lesson 3
I can explain Ohm's
Law . . .
I can describe the
basic features of an
electric series and
parallel circuits . . .
Ohm's Law
parts of an
electric circuit
series circuit
Ohm found that
current, _____________
and resistance in a
circuit are always
related in the
same way.
All electric circuits
have devices that run
on electrical energy
(load), sources of
electrical energy
(battery/power plant)
and conducting wire.
A circuit with only one
_____________ for the
current to take.
voltage
___________ = current
_______ = current x resistance
Energy is always ____________
in a circuit. It does not get
used up. It gets ____________
into heat, ___________,
mechanical and sound
energy. Devices that
transform are called
_________________.
Advantages - simple to
design and build.
Disadvantage - if one light
goes out, they all do and the
more bulbs you add, the
dimmer the bulbs become
because the resistance
increases.
parallel circuit
Lesson 4
I can explain how to
calculate electric
power and energy
use . . .
power
A circuit that has
______________ paths
for current to take.
The ___________ at
which energy is
transformed from one
form to another.
If one bulb goes out the
others remain lit. If you add
extra bulbs in extra branches,
the resistance decreases and
the brightness does not
change.
________________is measured
in watts (W)
_________ = Voltage x Current
__________ = Power / Voltage
energy
_______ = Power x Time
Energy = watts x time
1,000
I can describe
measures that help
protect people from
electrical shock and
short circuits . . .
short circuit
third prong/
grounded
A connection that
allows current to take
the path of
_____________
resistance.
Third prong on an
electrical plug ____________ the wire
by connecting it to
Earth.
Energy is measured in
_____________________
Ex. touching a frayed wire current can flow through the
person.
SHOCKS can be prevented
with devices that redirect
current or break circuits.
fuses
circuit breakers
Devices that _________
if they get too hot.
This breaks the circuit.
Switches that will
bend _________ from
circuits as they heat
up. They can be reset.
Learning Targets Chapter 7
Lesson 1
I can explain how electric charges and fields interact. . .
Charges that are the same _______________________ each other. Charges that are different ___________________each other.
I can describe how static electricity builds up and transfers . . .
There are four methods by which charges can redistribute themselves to build up static electricity: by ___________________,
by __________________________, by ______________________________, and by ______________________________.
Lesson 2
I can explain how an electric current is produced . . .
When electric charges are made to flow through a material, they produce an ______________________________________.
I can explain how conductors are different from insulators . . .
The atoms in conductors have ___________________________ bound electrons that can move ______________________.
Electrons in insulators ___________________________ move freely among atoms.
I can explain what causes current to flow and how resistance affects current . . .
Current flow is affected by the energy of the _________________________ and the ________________________ of the objects that
the charges flow through.
Lesson 3
I can explain Ohm's Law . . .
Ohm found that the current, _________________________, and resistance in a circuit are always ________________________ in
the same way.
I can describe the basic features of an electric series and parallel circuits . . .
All electrical circuits have the same basic features: devices that are run by ________________________________________,
________________________________ of electrical energy, and _____________________________ wires.
Lesson 4
I can explain how to calculate electric power and energy use . . .
Power is calculated by multiplying _________________________________ by _______________________________.
The total amount of energy used is equal to the ____________________________ of the appliance multiplied by the amount of
_________________________________ the appliance is used.
I can describe measures that help protect people from electrical shock and short circuits . . .
Shocks can be prevented with devices that redirect current or ___________________________________________________.