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Ch. 1 – Basic Concepts Guided Notes (Part 2) SSWG 1, 2 Place and Region • ____ things help determine why every point on earth is unique place (________) and region (__________) • Geographers describe a place by Location = _____ ways to identify Place names ___________ Situation ___________________ location Place • Place Name _____________ – How do we name Places?? Can Place Name change?? _______! • Site __________________________ of a place – climate, topography, vegetation, etc. • ________________ Location of a place in __________________ to other places • Mathematical Location Described precisely by ____________ and ______________ Meridians (______________) = Drawn N to S Prime meridian Parallels (________________) = Circle glove (E to W) The equator Region • Regions get unity from __________________ Combination of _____________/cultural features and _____________ elements Modern term = ______________ Studies • Each region = a ___________________ landscape • _______________ = the most important agents of change to Earth’s surface • Social, economic, and environmental ___________ used to explain distinctive nature of a region Types of Regions • __________________ share 1 or more _____________ characteristics Montana (Laws), _______________ Beware of isolating minorities • ___________________ organized around _________ point, lessens in importance away from center Circulation area of newspaper ________________ area ________________ changing role of functional region Regions • ______________________ based on personal perceptions Mental maps American _________________ Culture • Why regions are unique = Culture beliefs, ________________, and social forms Language, ______________, and ethnicity • _____ aspects What people ______________________ Beliefs, values, and customs What people ___________________ of ____________ vs. LDC Earning a living; obtaining food, clothing, shelter Cultural Ecology • Study of human–environment _________________ = _________________ • Two perspectives: Environmental _________________ ______________ = people change environment and shape social/culture developments Adopted by ______________ geographers Physical Processes • Need to know physical processes to ________________ distribution of _____________ • ______________ = long term, average weather – ____ major climate __________ • Vegetation = plant life; _____________ • Soil = 12,000 types • __________________ Modifying the Environment • Modern ______________ has changed ______________ b/t humans and the environment. • Examples The ____________________ Polders The _____________ Everglades AP HUG Unit 1: Nature and Perspectives (Part 3) Scale • ________________ = force or process that involves the entire world Makes world more ________________ • _____________ globalization Transnational/_______________ Corporations Influenced by ____________ - easier to transfer money globally • _____________ globalization Increase in uniform ____________ lead to global culture Opposition?? Space: Distribution of Features • Distribution = _______________ of features in space (___ properties) • ___________ = Frequency which something occurs ___________ = total population divided by total area Large ______________ necessarily = Dense Physiological = ___________________ per arable land Agricultural = # of farmers per unit area of farmland • Concentration = ___________ of feature’s ____________ • Pattern = ______________ arrangement of objects Space –Time Compression • S-T Compression = ____________ in time it takes for something to ______ another place • Promotes ________________ Spatial Interaction • _______________ networks • Electronic communications and the “death” of geography? • Distance ____________ = lessening in importance and gradual _______________ of something with growing distance from origin Diffusion • Process by which a characteristic spreads across space and over time • Hearth = __________ for innovations • _______ types of diffusion ____________ = spread of idea through physical movement of people _______________ = spread of a feature from 1 place to another in a snowballing process ________ types ______________ (from authority), contagious (rapid, widespread), _____