Download AP Review – Probability

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AP Statistics
AP Review – Probability
1) Which of these situations has equally likely outcomes?
I. A chicken can eat feed from Dish A or Dish B
II. A fair coin can land on heads or tails
III. A batter can strike, hit, or foul
A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I and II only
E) II and III only
2) Consider the event “roll a 3 or roll a 5”. Which of the following
statements is false?
A) The events “roll a 3” and “roll a five” are mutually exclusive.
B) The probability of the event is 1/3.
C) The events “roll a 3” and “roll a five” are independent.
D) The probabilities of the events “roll a 3” and “roll a five” are equal.
E) All are true statements.
3) The probability that a white adult man with a high white blood cell
count contracts leukemia is 0.35. A proper interpretation of this
probability is:
A) There’s a 35% that a randomly selected white adult man will contract
leukemia.
B) Three out of every five white adult men with a high white blood cell
count will contract leukemia.
C) There’s a 65% chance that a randomly selected white adult man with a
high white blood cell count will contract leukemia.
D) We’d expect that in a sample of 100 white adult men with high white
blood cell counts, 35 will contract leukemia.
E) None of the above.
4) Which of the following are true?
I. Two events are mutually exclusive if they can’t both occur at the
same time.
II. Two events are independent if the have the same probability.
III. An event and its complement have probabilities that always add
to 1.
A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I and II only
E) I and III only
5) You flip four coins. What’s the probability of getting exactly two
heads? At least two heads?
A) 1/8, 5/8
B) 1/8, 1/4
C) 3/8, 1/4
D) 3/8, 11/16
E) 3/16, 11/16
For questions 6 & 7: You have two specially created dice. Each die has
six sides. The first die has the numbers {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11} on the sides
and the second die has the numbers {2, 4, 8, 10, 11, 15} on the sides.
6) Which of the following would not represent an instance of
independent events when using the two specially created dice?
A) Getting an odd number on the 1st die AND getting an odd number on the 2nd
die
B) Getting a 9 on the 1st die AND getting a sum of 19 on the two dice combined
C) Getting a 2 on the 1st die AND getting a value greater than 10 on the 2nd die
D) Getting an even number on the 1st die AND getting a 15 on the 2nd die
E) All are examples of independent events.
7) What is the probability that the sum of the two specially created dice
is greater than or equal to 20?
A) .000
D) .056
B) .250
E) .108
C) .194
8) In John’s closet we find: 3 shirts (1 blue, 1 red, 1 black), 2 pairs of
pants (1 blue, 1 black), and 2 pairs of shoes (1 blue, 1 black). What is the
probability that John wears an outfit of all the same color?
A) .167
D) .667
B) .333
E) This probability can’t be
C) .417
computed.
9) You have 11 different cards with colors on both sides of the card.
Card 1: green & green Card 2: green & blue
Card 3: green & red
Card 4: red & red
Card 5: green & green Card 6: green & blue
Card 7: green & black Card 8: black & black
Card 9: red & red
Card 10: green & red
Card 11: black & green
Which of the following events has the greatest probability?
A) probability of selecting a card with a red face
B) probability that the other side of a green card isn’t green
C) probability of selecting a card with the same color on both faces
D) probability of selecting a card with no green faces
E) probability that the other side of a red card is also red
10) One card is randomly selected from a standard 52-card deck. Find
the probability that the card is an ace or a black card.
A) 1/26
D) 15/26
B) 1/13
E) 1/2
C) 7/13
11) You roll a black die and a white die.
P(black die shows 6 or white die shows 2) =
A) (1/6)(1/6)
D) 1/6 + 1/6 – 1/36
B) 1/3
E) 1/6 + 1/6 – 2/36
C) 1/6 + 1/6
12) Which of the following are true?
I. If events A & B are independent, P(A or B) = P(A) × P(B)
II. If events A & B are independent, P(A) = P(A|B)
III. If events A & B are disjoint, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A & B)
A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I and II only
E) II and III only
For question 13-15: 1 1992 poll conducted by the University of Montana
classified respondents by the region of the state in which they lived and
their political party affiliation.
Democrat Republican Independent Total
West
39
17
12
68
Northeast
15
30
12
57
Southeast
30
31
16
77
Total
84
78
40
202
If a person is selected at random from this group,
13) what is the probability the person is from the northeast or is an
independent?
A) .28
D) .42
B) .20
E) .06
C) .48
14) what is the probability the person is from the northeast and is an
independent?
A) .28
D) .42
B) .20
E) .06
C) .48
15) what is the probability that if the person is from the northeast they
are an independent?
A) .21
D) .28
B) .30
E) .20
C) .06