Download Study Guide Greece Test 1 Name Each city

Study Guide Greece Test 1 Name _____________________________
Each city-state or _______________ had its own form of government in ancient Greece. The city-state was
the only political unit because Greece had no ________________ government like some of the other
civilizations that we have studied. _______________ kept the city-states of Greece separated from each
other. If a city-state couldn’t provide everything it needed, it would __________ for it. Pride in one’s citystate was built because of the _____________ or ___________________where men gathered to discuss
political issues, buy and sell goods, and ____________ at the nearby temples. Therefore, a fierce loyalty was
ingrained in the citizens of each city-state.
Around 800 B.C. most city-states in Greece had a _________________ which meant that they had one
absolute leader. By the 700s B.C. most city-states had evolved into an _________________ which was led
by the upper class, some of whom claimed to be descendants of mythical _____________. Sometimes the
government was more of an ___________________ because the few people who led did so not because of
their high social rank but because of their wealth and great land holdings. Eventually the _____________
and poor _____________ felt that they should also make some political decisions. They helped men known
as _______________ seize power. This name today has negative connotations, but in ancient Greece they
were often kind to the poor sometimes canceling ___________ that the poor owed to the rich. This gave the
poor the feeling that they could and should be able to make their own political decisions. By the 6th century
B.C. some city-states, led by _____________, had some form of __________________ or rule by the
_______________.
The beginning of democracy in Athens was in 621 B.C. when ____________ wrote down the laws of
Athens. This stopped leaders from arbitrarily interpreting laws. However, his new constitution was far too
___________ since the punishment for almost all crimes was ______________. Today, punishments which
are too strict are called __________________ after him. In 594 B.C., ______________ did away with all
debts which the poor citizens owed to the state and to creditors. He declared that no ______________ of
Athens could be _______________. In 507 B.C., ________________________ made many democratic
changes which allowed more people to be involved in the decision-making. He organized Athens into ten
_________ based on where they lived not on how rich they were. He set up the _________ of Ten
_____________ with each tribe electing its own commander for a one year term. All freeborn male citizens
had the __________ to help pass laws by coming to the ________________ _________________ to vote.
Here they could speak freely about the issues and debate any law proposed by the _______________ of
______ _________________. This body was chosen each year by _______. Each tribe would randomly
choose ______ members to serve for that year. No citizen could serve on the council for more than ___
terms. Only citizens over ____ years old qualified. The above mentioned Board of Ten Generals was in
charge of the ______ and the very powerful _______. One of the biggest defenders of the individual and
democracy in Athens was ________________ who served on this board for around ____ years. The General
Assembly had the power to declare ________ and spend ______ money.
_______________ was born in 495 B.C. so he was just a boy when the Greeks had to unite to fight against
the mighty _______________. His entire family had been firm believers in democracy. He persuaded the
Assembly to allow all male citizens, _________ or _________, to serve Athens on the Assembly. He also
made the _________ system more fair by insuring that jurors got paid by the city-state. This allowed ______
citizens the opportunity to serve on the jury which usually consisted of hundreds up to __________________
of jurors. How did this change help make the system more fair? ____________________________________
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Pericles attempted to avoid war with ____________ but near the end of his life the ____________________
Wars began. He died because of a ______________ which broke out in only the second year of the wars.
One of his greatest accomplishments was convincing the Assembly to pay for the building of the
______________ on the _________________ in honor of Athens’ patroness, _________.
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Study Guide Greece Test 1 Name _____________________________
SPARTA
Unlike Athens, Sparta remained an _____________________. Although all male citizens over 30 belonged
to the assembly, ___________________ was restricted to only those who descended from the original
inhabitants of Sparta. ___________ (slaves) and free _________________ (__________________) had no
say in the government even though they made up a majority of the population. Far more powerful than the
assembly was the _____________ of ______________ which consisted of two ___________ and _____
citizens over the age of _____. Perhaps most powerful of all was the group of five men who supervised
everything which was going on in Sparta. They were known as the ____________. They were responsible
for controlling the helots and carrying on business with foreign powers and formulating Sparta’s foreign
policy. There was very little change in Sparta because in order for change to occur the ___________, the
_________ of __________, and the ____________ had to all agree to the change.
COMPARING ATHENS AND SPARTA
Unlike Athens, where _____________, _____________, and _____________ were highly valued, Sparta
was more concerned with _______________, ________________, and ______________ fitness so that they
could defend their city-state and control all of the ____________. Sparta did not have __________ like most
Greek city-states. A Spartan king once bragged that they didn’t need one since each citizen was a
___________ of it. As mentioned above the _________-owned slaves far outnumbered the number of
Spartan citizens. Only the very richest Spartan citizens had their own slave. Most citizens of Athens had their
own slaves. Sometimes they were even _______ by their owner and could buy their freedom. Athens had
state-owned slaves as well. ______________ women had very little freedom, but _______________ women
had a great deal of it. Women in ___________ could not leave the house without their husbands, but women
in __________ ran their own businesses and owned land. Like all Greek women, Athenian and Spartan
women were in charge of the __________________. Normally, Athenian and Spartan men did not do the
work around town but for different reasons. The _______________ men were busy training in the military,
while ______________ men were at the Assembly or hanging out at the marketplace or ____________. In
Sparta, the boys were taken from home and sent to live in military _____________ where they would live
until they were _____. Most Spartan men picked a bride when they became a citizen at the age of _____, but
they had to live in the barracks for another 10 years. Name three reasons why we can say that the Spartan
military was demanding on young boys: ______________________________________________________
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Most business was carried on by merchants who were usually ________________. In Athens they were
called ____________, while in Sparta they were called _________________. Neither polis considered them
________________. While traveling to ___________ a foreigner once commented that he understood why
they weren’t afraid to die (He had just eaten food from Sparta.) The Spartans considered “____________ to
be the best seasoning.” In Athens, the food was seasoned and tasty.
Name three ideas that the U.S. has borrowed from Athens: ________________________________________
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