Download Nutrition PPT

Matching…Bell Ringer
Word
1. Nutrients
2. Carbohydrate
3. Proteins
4. Fats
5. Vitamins
6. Minerals
Definition
a. Inorganic substances that the body
cannot manufacture, but that act as
catalyst, regulating many vital body
processes.
b. provide you with substances you need
to grow & develop
c. compounds that help regulate many
vital body processes
d. the starches & sugars found in food
e. nutrient that helps build and maintain
body tissues
f. a natural oily or greasy substance
occurring in animal bodies
Vocab
1. Minerals- Inorganic substances that the body
cannot manufacture, but that act as catalyst,
regulating many vital body processes.
2. Nutrients- provide you with substances you need to
grow & develop
3. Vitamins- compounds that help regulate many vital
body processes
4. Carbohydrates- the starches & sugars found in food
5. Proteins- nutrient that helps build and maintain
body tissues
6. Fats- a natural oily or greasy substance occurring
in animal bodies
OBJECTIVES
• Students will know the 6 basic nutrients.
• Students will understand how proper
nutrition affects the health triangle.
• Students will be able to explain and
describe what each basic nutrient does for
the body.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiOBhgx
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Why do You Eat?
The body has a physical need for food. Many peoples eating
habits are ruled by their appetite. Your eating habits stem from
both a physical need for food and a psychological desire.
Learning to recognize the difference helps you make more
healthy food choices.
• Physical Need
• Hunger- natural drive which protects you from
starvation
– When your stomach is empty, its walls
contract stimulating nerve ending…THIS IS
WHY YOUR STOMACH GROWLS.
DESIRE FOR FOOD
• Desire for food is called appetite
– Appetite is desired– rather than a need.
- Appetite is learned-shaped by emotions &
environment.
-Most people eat past the point of feeling full
because their appetite continues to be
stimulated after their hunger has been satisfied
NUTRITION THROUGHOUT LIFE
1. Nutrition-process by which the body takes in &
uses food.
a. nutrients in food provide you with substances
you need to grow & develop.
1.enables you to have energy, feel & look
your best, and stay mentally alert.
2.Prevents chronic diseases-heart disease,
stroke, cancers, and diabetes.
b. Calories- A unit of energy.
BMR- Basal Metabolic Rate
• The number of calories you'd burn if you
stayed in bed all day or did not move.
• The rate at which the body uses energy
while at rest to keep vital functions going,
such as breathing and keeping warm.
– a regular routine of cardiovascular exercise
can increase your BMR, improving your
health and fitness when your body's ability to
burn energy gradually slows down (when you
get old).
6 Basic Nutrients
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•
•
•
•
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Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Carbohydrates- the starches and
sugars found in food.
• Body’s preferred source of energy
• 4 calories per gram of carb.
• 2 TYPES OF CARBS:
– Simple- Present in fruits, some veggies and milk.
» fructose (fruit)
» Sucrose (table sugar)
» lactose (dairy products)
» Candy, soda, cookies, jelly
– Complex- Starches-made from sugars linked together.
» Rice, pasta, grain, seeds
» Potatoes and yams
» During digestion starches break down into sugars
•Fiber- special form of complex carb that aids
in digestion.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Helps waste move through the body
Prevents constipation & appendicitis
Cannot be digested
Whole grain breads, vegetables, fruits and
seeds
Protein-
nutrient that helps build and maintain
body tissues
 Builds the framework of your body,
including muscles, organs, bones, and
connective tissues.
 In the form of enzymes, it helps your body digest
food.
 As a hormone, it tells your body when to use
food as energy and when to store it as fat.
 It transports oxygen through your blood to your
muscles and organs.
 As an antibody, it protects you from illness when
viruses and bacteria attack.
3.
• FATS ARE THE MOST
CONCENTRATED ENERGY FORM
AVAILABLE. IT DELIVERS 2 TIMES
THE ENERGY OF CARBS OR PROTEIN
(9 CALORIES FOR EVERY GRAM OF
FAT)
• Lipids- fatty substance that does not
break down in water
2 Types of Fat
1. Saturated Fat- BAD FAT
2. Unsaturated Fat- GOOD FAT
Saturated Fat: BAD!!!
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–
–
–
–
–
Solid at room temp.
Animal Fat (beef, pork, egg yolks, dairy foods)
Solid at room temp. (ex. animal fat, butter)
Tropical oils- (ex. Palm or Coconut)
Butter and shortening
High intake increases your chance of heart attack/
disease
– Tend to be stored rather than burned
GOOD FAT- Unsaturated Fat
– Liquid at room temp.
• Vegetable
• olive oils
• margarine
CHOLESTROL
Cholesterol- fatlike substance
produced in liver of all animals- found
only in foods of animal origins.
Causes heart and other circulatory
diseases.
Vitamins
• Compounds that help regulate many vital
body processes, including digestion,
absorption, and metabolism
• 2 TYPES OF VITAMINS
– Water soluble- can’t be stored (ex. C and B)
– Fat soluble- stored in fat (ex. A,D,E, & K)
Water Soluble Vitamins
–Dissolve in water and pass easily
through the bloodstream
–Vitamin C and all B vitamins
–Cannot be stored, but taken in
daily. Excess are secreted in urine.
FAT SOLUABLE VITAMINS
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•
•
•
Dissolve in fatty materials
Vitamins A, D, E, and K
Stored in the body’s fat tissue
Occurs naturally in foods.
– Vegetable oil
– Liver
– Eggs
Minerals
• Inorganic substances that the body
can’t manufacture, but act as a
catalyst, regulating many vital body
functions
• Body requires some in large
amounts and others as trace
minerals (tiny amounts)
• Important when growth is rapid as
teens
• Essential for hemoglobin
– Iron
– Iodine
– copper
Most important mineral=Calcium
• Develops and maintains bone strength
• Found in dairy products and green leafy vegetables
• Aids in muscle contraction, blood clotting, functions of
nervous system
• Comes from: milk and most dairy products, leafy green
vegetables
• Helps weight loss
– Harvard research showed that those that got daily
recommendation of calcium were 60% less likely to
be overweight
– Calcium seems to limit the amount of new fat that
your body can produce
• Lack of calcium leads to osteoporosis- bones become
brittle and weak
6. Water- A regulator and vital to
everybody’s function.
• Regulator and vital to
everybody’s function
– Carries nutrients and transports
waste from cells
– Lubricates joints
– Enables you to digest food
– Your body uses up to 10 cups
of water daily
– Water is the nutrient that makes
up the greatest percentage of
the body
– Should drink 6-8 cups daily
Follow-Up Activity
Which one is it highest in??